英语专业新闻听力词汇集锦.pdf

1新闻词汇新闻听力所涉及的领域和范围非常广泛，并且每份试卷中的内容都会涉 及到不同国家和地域，因此词汇问题成为学生在听力理解中的难点。首 先，新闻中经常会有一些高频率出现的常见词汇，比如，在探讨巴以问 题的时候,Jewish settler,roadmap withdrawal from Gaza 等表述出现频率 很高；近两年的热点问题）环境问题的新闻导报中，常常会使用global warm ing air pollution desertifica2tion 等词汇。这些词汇涉及经济、政 治、科技、军事、体育、文化、社会、生活等方方面面。其次，新闻中常常涉及到国名、地名、人名、机构名称等。在新闻听力 理解中，学生经常会听到和Is2rael、Palestine、Iraq相关的新闻；Security Counc il UnitedNation Ch ildren.s Fund、International LaborOr2gan ization等机构名称也是新闻听力理解中的常客。第三，由于新闻最大的 特点在于一个/新。字，因此为了表达需要和追求新奇，新闻报道中常常 会有一些创新词汇的出现。比如,haves and have-not用来指富人和穷人,Euro mart在新闻中指Europeanmarket（欧洲市场）等。2.2 新闻背景新闻背景不是新闻听力音频中出现的内容，也不是考试大纲中所要求掌 握的内容，但确是会对学生新闻听力理解产生重大的影响。根据近几年 的英语专业四级考试试题，不难发现，每一年的国际政治热点问题基本 上都会出现：2006年、2007年及2008年的试题均考到中东问题，巴以 冲突;2005年、2006年、2007年涉及到难民问题;2年6年、2007年及 2008年考到和经济贸易相关的题目，在国际反恐局势紧张的情况下,2008年及2009年新闻听力中也涉及到这一问题。2.3 新闻结构新闻通常采用/倒金字塔0结构，指的是按照新闻重要性的程度由高到 低进行扩展，安排全文。新闻的第一句话，即新闻的导语，是整个新闻的 浓缩，往往涵盖了新闻的几个基本要素。整个新闻的内容通过其基本结构 可以比较清楚地理顺，通常包括5个/WhO和一个/H0所构成的/新闻六 要素。3:What(What had happened)When(When d id it happen)Where(Where did it happen)Who(Who are the ma in characters)Why(Why did it happen)How(How did it happen)上述六大要素，通常会部分或者全部包 含在很短的一句话之中，信息量非常大，在理解上也具有一定的难度。在句式结构上，为了体现报道的客观性和真实性，英语新闻中多采用被 动语态的形式；而为了更清楚准确地阐释观点，再现事发场景，英语新 闻中复合句较多，从句出现频率较高。被动语态及复合句都是中国学生 不熟悉的句式结构，即使是书面分析都需要较长的时间，更不用说在短 短一两分钟的新闻播报中能较好地理解了。2.4语音语速 新闻具有非常强的时效性，再加上播报时的节奏感和连贯性，英语新闻 的播报语速都比较快。5高校英语专业四级考试大纲6要求学生/能辨 别英语的各种变体0,考试时所采用的新闻听力音频也来源于VOA或 者BBC,因此对于在语音方面有偏好的考生必定会造成听力障碍。而且 新闻报道语调较为平实，学生无法从语调的起伏变化了解报道的意图。5 高校英语专业四级考试大纲6的语速规定为每分钟120词，但是英语口 语当中常常会出现连读、弱读、句子重音、不完全爆破以及音的同化等 现象，这些现象会给学生的理解造成更大的困难。accredited journalist n.特派记者 advance n.预发消息;预写消息 affair n.桃色新闻;绯闻anecdote n.趣闻轶事assignment n.采写任务attribution n.消息出处，消息来源back alley news n.小道消息 backgrounding n.新 闻背景 Bad news travels quickly.坏事传千里。banner n.通栏标题beat n.采写范围body n.新闻正文boil vt.压缩（篇幅）box n.花边新闻brief n.简讯bulletin n.新 闻简报byline n.署名文章caption n.图片说明 caricature n.漫画 carry vt.刊登 cartoon n.漫画 censor vt.审查（新闻稿件），新闻审查chart n.每周流行音乐排行版 clipping n.剪报 column n.专栏;栏目 columnist n.专栏作家 continued story连载故事;连载小说contributing editor特约编辑contribution n.（投给报刊的）稿件;投稿contributor n.投稿人copy desk n.新闻编辑部 copy editor n.文字编辑 correction n.更正（启事）correspondence column 读 者来信专栏correspondent n.驻外记者;常驻外埠记者cover vt.采访;采写 cover girl n.封面女郎covert coverage隐性采访;秘密采访crop vt.剪辑（图片）crusade n.宣传攻势cut n.插图vt删减（字数）cut line n.插图说明daily n.日报dateline n.新闻电头deadline n.截稿时间dig vt.深入采 访;追踪（新闻线索）：“挖”（新闻）digest n.文摘editorial n.社论editorial office 编辑部 editors notes 编者按 exclusive n.独家新闻 expose n.揭丑 新闻;新闻曝光extran.号外eye-accountn.目击记;记者见闻faxed photo传真照片feature n.特写;专稿feedback n.信息反馈 file n.发送消息;发稿filler n.补白First Amendment（美国宪法）第一修正 案（内容有关新闻、出版自由等）five of news新闻五要素flag n.报头;报名folo（=follow-up）n.连续报道Fourth Estate第四等级（新闻界 的别称）freedom of the Press新闻自由free-lancer n.自由撰稿人full position醒目位置Good news comes on crutches.好事不出门。grapevine n.小道消息、gutter n.中缝hard news硬新闻;纯消息headline n.新闻标题;内容提要hearsay n.小道消息highlights n.要闻hot news热点新闻human interest人情味in-depth reporting 深度报道 insert n.&vt.插补段落；插稿 interpretative reporting 解释性报道 invasion of privacy 侵犯隐私（权）inverted pyramid 倒金字塔（写作结构）investigative reporting 调查性报 道journalism n.新 闻业;新闻学 Journalism is literature in a hurry 新闻 是急就文学.journalist n.新闻记者kill vt.退弃（稿件）;枪毙（稿件）layout n.版面编排;版面设计lead n.导语libel n.诽谤（罪）makeup n.版面设计man of the year年度新闻人物，年度风云人物 mass communication 大众传播（学）mass media 大众传播媒介 master head n.报头;报名 media n.媒介，媒体 Mere report is not enough to go upon.仅是传闻不足为凭.morgue n.报刊资料室news agency 通讯社 news clue 新闻线索 news peg 新闻线索，新 闻 电头 newsprint n.新闻纸 news value 新 闻价值 No news is good news.没有消息就是好消息;不闻凶讯便是吉。nose for news新闻敏感obituary n.讣告 objectivity n.客观性 off the record 不宜公开报道 opinion poll民意浏验periodical n.期刊pipeline n.匿名消息来源popular paper大众化报 纸;通俗报纸press n.报界;新闻界press conference新闻发布会;记者招 待台press law新闻法press release新闻公告;新闻简报PR man公关 先生profile n.人物专访;人物特写proofreader n.校对员pseudo event 假新闻quality paper高级报纸;严肃报纸quarterly n.季刊readability n.可读性 readers interest 读者兴越 reject vt.退弃（稿件）remuneration n.稿费;稿酬 reporter n.记者 rewrite vt.改写（稿件），改稿round-up n.综合消息金融财经词汇：negotiate 谈判net profit净利润obligation 义务payment 付款predict 预测prosperity 繁荣recession不景气reimbursement 偿还release 发行retail零售booming激增的budget财政预算chronic长期的the Consumer Price Index消费者价格指数credibility 信誉currency 货币default 违约deficit财政赤字depressed萧条的Dow-Jones Industrial Average道琼斯工业股票平均指数（30个主要工业公司股 票价格的综合指数）financier金融家incentive 刺激inflation通货膨胀International Monetary Fund(IMF)国际货币基金组织macro-manage 宏观管理NASDAQ(National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations)纳斯 达克(全美证券交易者协会自动化摘要)sell off 变现shopping mall购物商场sponsor 赞助stalling停滞的stock股票subscribe 申购trade surplus 顺差Treasury财政部triple三倍的overdue过期的Wall Street 华尔街wholesale 批发政治军事词汇absolute monarchy 君主专制政体abstention 弃权allege断言ally同盟国analysis 分析annual每年的appropriate 适当的arms inspector武器核查人员asylum避难at stake利害攸关atrocity 暴行autonomy 自治权bare majority（选举投票）勉强过半数bill法案breakthrough 突破bureaucracy官僚主义jeopardize 破坏Jerusalem耶路撒冷impeachment 弹劾incumbent现任者coalition government 联合政府collision 冲突commissioner 委员commitment 承诺compel迫使comply服从comprehensive 全面的concede承认（竞选失败）concession 让步condolence 吊唁Conservative Party（英国）保守党constitution 宪法consulate领事馆contender（某个职位的）争夺者conviction 信念coordinator 协调员corruption 腐败crackdown 镇压Democratic Party(美国)民主党 designate 委任 disarmament 裁军 disrupt 扰舌Ldissident持不同政见者 due预定的electoral group 选举团eligible有资格的insufficient不充分的 intimidation 恐吓 logistical 后勤的 calibrate 校验campaign 运动 candidate候选人Chancellor总理(德国)cleansing 清洗 envoy特使 espionage 间谍 ethnic种族的European Union(EU)欧盟 exiled regime 流亡政府 expel驱逐favorability rate 支持率 federal government 联邦政府 Gaza Strip加沙地带Group Eight(G-8)八国集团 hearing听证会 humanitarian人道主义的 mandate 托管mission 使团moderate温和的mosque清真寺Muslim穆斯林nomination 提名inauguration address 就职演说opinion polls民意测验opposition party 反对党outrage 愤怒overturn推番用Palestine巴勒斯坦parliament 议会party in office 执政党party out of office 在野党pension养老金pledge承诺poll投票proliferation 扩散provisional government 临时政府provoke 激起pullout 撤军radical group激进组织refugee 难民regime政体remains 遗体repatriate遣返回国Republican Party（美国）共和党resignation 辞职resume恢复reverse 改变revive复苏rival对手schedule时间表sovereignty 主权territorial 领土的trumpet 鼓吹turmoil 混舌Lunderline 强调unilateral 单边的unrest 动舌Lvacuum真空voluntarily 自愿地the World Trade Organization(WTO)世界贸易组织综合类词汇：advanced detachment 先头部队air crash飞机坠毁事件air fight 空战air raid 空袭air supremacy 制空权aircraft carrier 航空母舰allied forces 联军anti-corruption 反腐败apartheid种族隔离armed forces武装部队armored corps 装 甲部队arms control军备控制Richter scale(地震震级的一种数值标度)里氏震级rocket火箭seed player种子选手side effect 副作用stealth隐形飞机sustainable development 可持续发展combat战斗complaint 意见Comprehensive Testing Ban Treaty(CTBT)全面禁止核试验条约conventional weapon 常规武器counselor 顾问cross infection 交叉感染curfew宵禁declare war 宣战defending champion 卫冕冠军deployment 部署destroyer escort 护航舰disarmament 裁军dope check兴奋剂检查draw game 和局earthquake 地震ecologic environment 生态环境ecologic deficit 生态赤字ecosystem生态系统embezzle 贪污escalation of war 战争升级euthanasia 安乐死food chain食物链guerrilla游击队gene diagnose 基 因诊断greenhouse effect 温室效应gymnastic games 体操比赛heavy weapon重型武器human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)艾滋病病毒home team 主队host nation 东道主infections disease 传染病intercontinental missile 洲际导弹arms race军备竞赛arsenal弹药库athletic meeting 运动会autonomy自治权ballistic missile 弹道导弹bombing plane 轰炸机brain death 脑死亡bureaucracy官僚主义ceasefire 停火coercion 压力international law 国际法IPR(intellectual property right)知识产权isolation ward 隔离病房juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪laid-off下岗工人legislative authority 立法权力legislative election 立法选举legislative veto(美国)国会否决制life expectancy 寿命medium-range missile 中程导弹missing in action(MIA)失踪军人missile 导弹military action 军事行动military buffer军事缓冲力量military coalition 联合军事行动military confrontation 军事对峙monopoly 垄断mortality rate 死亡率National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA)美国宇航局 neutral 中立的no-fly zone禁飞区non-proliferation(核)不扩散press conference 记者招待会quarantine 隔离race riot种族骚乱racial discrimination 种族歧视rate of unemployment 失业率ratification正式批准Taliban塔利班terrorism 恐怖主义terrorist恐怖主义分子toll on traffic交通事故的死亡人数tournament 锦标赛traffic congestion 交通联合国主要机构名称(UN Main Bodies)：Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO)联合国粮农组织General Assembly of the United Nations 联合国大会International Labor Organization 国际劳工组织International Telecommunication Union 国 际 电信联盟Disarmament Commission 裁军委员会Security Council 安理会United Nations Development Program 联合国开发计划署United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO)联合国教科文组织United Nations Environment Program 联合国环境规划署United Nations Peace-keeping Force 联合国维持和平部队World Food Council世界粮食理事会International Development Association(IDA)国际开发协会World Health Organization 世界卫生组织World Intellectual Property Organization 世界知识产权组织World Meteorological Organization 世界气象组织15Buffer zone:缓冲地带UN peacekeepers moved in on Tuesday to create a buffer zone between rival factions of the Congolese army.2004-12-24Ration:定量配给The agency has been steadily cutting rations to more than 2.8 million people in Southern Africa over the last six months,many of them living with HIV/AIDS and many of them children.Most have been surviving on half a normal ration,or less.2004-12-23Casualty:伤亡（人数）While a slight majority believe the Iraq war contributed to the long-term security of the United States,70 percent of Americans think these gains have come at an nunacceptablen cost in military casualties,the poll shows.2004-12-23Head off:阻止，拦截In setting up a Commission on Truth and Friendship,the two countries hope to head off a parallel initiative by U.N.Secretary-General Kofi Annan,who is weighing his own expert commission to review whether justice was done after the 1999 violence,their foreign ministers said after talks with Annan.2004-12-22Bravado:虚张声势Protected by U.S.Black Hawk helicopters,Britains Tony Blair flew into Iraq on Tuesday in a surprise show of political bravado designed to boost prospects for Iraqi elections and cheer UK troops before Christmas.2004-12-22Round up:围捕，使集拢Police rounded up dozens of suspects on Monday after twin suicide car bombings killed 66 people in Iraqs Shiite holy cities,attacks that intensified fears of sectarian violence during elections on Jan.30.2004-12-21Pharaoh:法老，暴君16Now,following a 20-year re-examination of historical records and uncovering new evidence,Vassil Dobrev,a French Egyptologist,claims to have proved that the largest single stone statue on Earth is the work of a forgotten pharaoh.2004-12-21Brief:辩护状Clive Stafford Smith,a British human rights lawyer,has prepared a 50-page brief which contains advice to take the case to US courts to ensure he receives a fair trial,the Sunday Times reported after saying it had seen the document.2004-12-20At will:随意,任意The deadly strikes highlighted the apparent ability of the insurgents to launch attacks almost at will,despite confident assessments by U.S.military commanders that they had regained the initiative after last months campaign against militants in Fallujah.2004-12-20Overturn:否决Caitriona Ruane,who heads the Bring Them Home campaign that sought the Irishmens release,said the court overturned an earlier decision clearing James Monaghan,Niall Connolly and Martin McCauley of terrorism-related charges.2004-12-17Ebbed:退潮，衰落Israeli troops killed nine Palestinians during a raid into Gaza,the bloodiest in two weeks,where fighting has not ebbed despite expectations that moderate Mahmoud Abbas will win a presidential poll to replace Yasser Arafat next month.2004-12-31Laser beam:激光束Authorities are investigating a mysterious laser beam that was directed into the cockpit of a commercial jet traveling at more than 8,500 feet.2004-12-31Warplane:军用机US troops backed by Warplanes have killed 25 guerrillas in the northern Iraqi city of Mosul after facing a fierce coordinated assault by two suicide bombs and dozens of 17insurgents,the military say.2004-12-30Ward off:防止，挡住Bodies were piled into mass graves in the belief that burial would ward off disease.Paramedics in southern India began vaccinating thousands of survivors against cholera,typhoid,hepatitis A and dysentery,and authorities sprayed bleaching powder on beaches where bodies have been recovered.In Sri Lanka,reports of waterborne disease such as diarrhea caused fears of an epidemic.2004-12-30Mudslide:泥流A powerful storm moved along the Californias Coast Monday and Tuesday,causing highway-blocking mudslides,flooding and power outages.2004-12-29Shiite:什叶派教徒A main Sunni Muslim political party withdrew from Iraqs upcoming elections on Monday,and a suicide bomb attack on the nations largest Shiite party killed at least six people and wounded 33 others,police said.2004-12-29Sanitation:公共卫生设施The disaster could be the costliest in history as well,with”many billions of dollarsn of damage,said U.N.Undersecretary Jan Egeland,who is in charge of emergency relief coordination.Hundreds of thousands have lost everything,and millions face a hazardous future because of polluted drinking water,a lack of sanitation and no health services,he said.2004-12-28Fraudulent:欺骗性的，欺诈的We have been independent for 14 years but we were not free,Yushchenko told the festive crowd in Kievs central Independence Square,the center of weeks of protests after the fraudulent and now-annulled Nov.21 ballot in which Prime Minister Viktor Yanukovych had been declared the winner.2004-12-27Tsunami:海啸18The earthquake hit at 6:58 a.m.;the tsunami came as much as 2 1/2 hours later,without warning,on a morning of crystal blue skies.Sunbathers and snorkelers,cars and cottages,fishing boats and even a lighthouse were swept away.2004-12-27Fahrenheit:华氏度Two hit films that have been snubbed this awards season in Hollywood snared top Peoples Choice honors on Sunday as anti-Bush documentary Fahrenheit 9/11n was named best film and The Passion of The Christn best film drama.2005-01-11Pragmatic:实干的，注重实效的The victory of the staid and pragmatic Abbas,who has spoken out against violence and has the backing of the international community,was expected to usher in a new era,after four decades of chaotic and corruption-riddled rule by Yasser Arafat who died Nov.11.2005-01-10Curfew:宵禁Emergency powers allow the government to impose curfews,close borders and airports and detain suspects without following normal legal procedures.The emergency applies to all regions of Iraq except the Kurdish north,which has been relatively stable.2005-01-07Unseat:使失去资格High humidity,poor air quality and some of the nation*s longest commute times also helped Texas*most populous city unseat Detroit,the 2004 heavyweight champion,the magazine said.2005-01-07Congeniality:趣味相同，意气相投Bullock,whose screen credits include Miss Congeniality/nWhile You Were Sleeping11 and nSpeed,contacted the American Red Cross last week,the organization said Monday.Catastrophe:异常的灾祸The president was criticized for his initial reaction to the catastrophe when he pledged$15 million from the United States,with some critics pointing out that this was less 19than half what will be spent on Bushs inauguration.The pledge has since risen to$350 million.2005-01-06Beef up:加强,补充But experts warn the high-tech network of sensors and buoys would be useless unless countries like Indonesia beef up communications links to the coastal communities that