英国议会制辩论常用语.pptx

The Structural Discourse of English DebateOutline for Beginners1.Greetingsladiesandgentlemen,Mr./MadamSpeakerandmembersofthehouseRefutation(exceptPMandOW)(1)Beforemovingtomyarguments/constructivepart,letmerefutebacktotheGovernment/Oppositionside.Ihaverebuttal(s)/refutation(s)againstthepreviousspeaker(s)/(2)First/second/,theysaid.But,itis/theyarenot(always)true/important/relevantto/oppositeto/opposedtoWhatyou/theysaidisnot(atall)What you said is the opposite.It is actually our point.They/Youareliars/aliar!That/Itisbecause(e.g.their argument is based on wrong assumption/analysis/misunderstanding)Alternative plan:“Thereisabetterplantosolvetheproblem”ExplainingpointsOk/Well,hereis/are/come(s)our/myarguments/points/substantivematters/constructivepart.Signpost(i.e.“signpost”,orsimplekeyphrasesthatsummarizethepoint.)Ourfirst/second/pointisSummaryinonesentenceIt means that./Onthispoint,Iwillexplainthat.Reasoning(explanationonhowonesituationoccurs,focusingon“causeandeffect”)Let me explain how this will happen.First,.Then,./Underthestatusquo,.Aftertheplanadoption,AsaresultExamplesandIllustrationForexample,./Letsthinkaboutthecaseof.Ladies and gentlemen,please imagine what(would happen)if Significance/analysis/Relevancytothestance,teamline,orwhatyouwanttoprovewhythisisimportant?That/Itisbecause.Thispointisimportantifwethinkaboutthenature/role/firstpriorityofWhat is the nature/role/top priority of?Conclusion(1)about30secondstosummarizeyourspeech.Insummary,let me summarize my speech/whatIhavetoldyouFirst/second/thirdargument/point(firstsixspeakers)(2)Thefirstsixspeakers:For all these reasons,I am/we are very proud to propose/oppose.So/Becauseofthesereasons,westronglybelieve/insist(that).Whip:For all these reasons,the government side has won this round.Thatsall(ofmyspeech).Thankyou/Thanksalot/somuch/verymuch.PrimeMinister1.Greetings2.Presentingthemotionandcase(1)Under/Inthecurrent/presentsituation/circumstances/Thesedays/recently/Lately/Inrecenttime/years,therearesomeproblemsthat/in/controversy that/over/phenomenaof/thatthereisa(controversial)problemthat/in/controversythat/over/phenomenonof/that(2)Today,wearegoingtodebateonToday,wehavethemotionthat.TodaysmotionisthatToday,ourmotionisthatToday,themotionisthatTheissuebehindthemotionisthatSo,inthisround,wearegoingtotalkabouthowtosolvetheproblem.(3)themaintaskofthePrimeMinisterHowever,thismotionhassomevaguepoints(words)/isnotclear.Therefore,Iwouldliketodefinethemotion.Inthisround,wewilldefinethewordAasB/limitXtoY/focusonthecasein.Therefore,ourproposalisthatIwillexplainthepolicyofourproposal.First,.Second,Wehavesomesolutionstoourproposal.First,.Second,.3.Showingthe(government/opposition)“stance”(or“teamline”)fortheround.WewillproposeyouthatbecauseOurteamline/stanceisthatThegovernment/oppositionsidestronglybelieves/insiststhat4.Presentingyourspeechoutlineandteamallocation.Wehavepoints/argumentstosupportourproposal/develop.Thefirstpointis,thesecondpointis,andthelastpointis.Iwill(mainly)explain/talkabout.andmypartnerwill(mainly)explain/talkabout.5.Explainingpoints6.ConclusionLO/DPM/DLO/MG/MO1.Greetings2.Refutation3.Explainingpoints4.ConclusionGW/OW1.Greetings2.Showingtheoutline.Sofar,wehavetalkedaboutInordertoshowwhywehavetowinthisround,Iwouldcomparebothgovernmentandoppositionsidesargumentsintermsofissuesinthisround.Theyare.Ihavequestionstoask.Theyare.3.Pointingoutthefailuresoftheotherside.BeforeI/wemove/go/moving/going(on)totheclashes,Iwouldliketopointoutthecrucialfailureoftheoppositionside.Thatis.4.ClashesThefirst/second/clashis.Theoppositionsidehassaidthat.Still,wehavepointedout(that)thisiswrongbecause.Ontheotherhand,wehavearguedthatbecause.Ourargumentwassuperiortotheirargumentbecause.Then,letmegoontothenextclash.5.Conclusion.替换词：同义词，近义词，写作词汇与表达互换（雅思，托福）First/firstly/fistofall/firstandforemost/atthe(very)beginningSecond/secondly/Third/thirdlyThen/Besides/Whatsmore/Moreover/Furthermore/Inaddition/additionallyFinally/atlast/intheend/eventually/lastly/LastbutnotleastThefirstpointis,thesecondpointis,andthelastpointis.Important/vital/significant/crucialsolve/resolve/address/dealwith/workout/tackleSo/therefore/thus/inconsequence/consequently/asaresultInsummary/tosumup/inconclusionSmallwords:Ok/well/youknow/Imean