环境工程专业英语期末试卷标准卷.doc

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晓庄学院期末考试试卷
（ 07 级 环境工程 专业2010 ～2011 学年度 第 一 学期）
课程名称 环境工程专业英语 A 卷
考试形式 闭卷 考核类型 考试
本试卷共 六 大题，卷面满分100分，答题时间120分钟。
题号
一
二
三
四
五
六
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一、 请根据缩写写出单词全称：（本题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
1. VOC：Volatile Organic Compounds
2. APC：Air Pollution Control
3. SS：Suspended Solids
4. COD：Chemical Oxygen Demand
5. EIA： Environmental Impact Assessment
（评分标准：每小题中单词全部写对，不论大小写，得2分；错一个单词得1分；错两个及以上单词，得0分。）
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二、 请写出下列术语的英文表达：（本题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
1. 城市污水：municipal wastewater
2. 废水处理：wastewater disposal
3. 沉降池:sedimentation tank
4. 消毒:disinfection
5. 絮凝作用:flocculation
（评分标准：每小题中所用单词意思基本吻合，单词拼写正确，且单词词态正确，得2分；错一个单词得1分；错两个及以上单词，得0分。）
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三、 请根据下列英文解释写出相应的英文词汇：（本题共4小题，每题2分，共10分）
1. The physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us.
Environment
2. A natural gas which is formed from decaying matter and burns easily, sometimes causes explosions in mines.
Methane
3. Too many people in a given area, too high a population density.
Overpopulation
4. The process by which water passes through a membrane that is impermeable to dissolved ions.
Osmosis
5. A kind of chemical which can speed up/down a chemical reaction rate.
Catalyst
（评分标准：每小题中所用单词意思基本吻合，单词拼写正确，且单词词态正确，得2分；否则得0分。）
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四、阅读理解：（本题共20分，每小题2分）

Passage1
A growing number of these attractions now allow customers to print e-tickets at home with large discounts off the gate price, in part to spur attendance that has declined in recent years.
After boom times in the late 1990s, theme park attendance began to decrease, with an overall decline of about 4% over the past few years at North America’s 50 most- visited establishments, says James Zola, editor of Amusement Business. “The bloom was off the rose as we turned the corner into 2000, so there’s more discounting now,” he says.
Discounting isn’t new to an industry that has long partnered with other commercial enterprises, such as soft drink companies, to offer deals. Print e-ticketing adds a new opportunity that not only brings savings but convenience as well, since it allows visitors to avoid the line at the gate.
“If you can get in early before the lines fill up, you're getting more for your money,” says Robert Niles of the website Theme Park Insider.
1. The word “attractions” (line 1, Para. 1) refers to A .
A. theme parks B. bargains C. e-tickets D. discounts
2. Why do more and more theme parks offer large discounts off gate price?B .
A. To get in line at the parks this summer. B. To encourage more people to come to the parks.
C. To enable people to get e-tickets at home. D. To reduce the attendance figure.
3. What does the sentence “The bloom was off the rose” mean?D .
A. the rose in the theme park was out of bloom.
B. the year 2000 was lucky for the 50 establishments.
C. the theme park attendance was like the rose.
D. the best time for the theme parks was gone.
4. What is the new opportunity e-ticketing brings to the theme parks?C .
A. The theme park industry will be more profitable.
B. Soft drink companies will be better partners of the parks.
C. The tour to the parks will be more convenient.
D. Visitors to the parks will have more discounts.
5. The last sentence of this passage is based on the idea that D .
A. it is wise to surf online. B. discounting isn’t everything.
C. e-ticketing attracts more partners. D. time is money.

Passage2
A mysterious “black cloud” approaches the earth – our planet’s weather is severely affected.
Throughout the rest of June and July temperatures rose steadily all over the Earth. In the British isles the temperature climbed through the eighties, into the nineties, and moved towards the hundred mark. People complained, but there was no serious disaster.
The death number in the U. S. remained quite small, thanks largely to the air-conditioning units that had been fitted during previous years and months. Temperatures rose to the limit of human endurance throughout the whole country and people were obliged to remain indoors for weeks onend.Occasionally air-conditioning units failed and it was then that fatalities occurred.
Conditions were utterly desperate throughout the tropics as may be judged from the fact that 7943 species of plants and animals became totally extinct. The survival of Man himself was only possible because of the caves and cellars he was able to dig. Nothing could be done to reduce the hot air temperature. More than seven hundred million persons are known to have lost their lives.
Eventually the temperature of the surface waters of the sea rose, not so fast as the air temperature it is true, but fast enough to produce a dangerous increase of humidity. It was indeed this increase that produced the disastrous conditions just remarked. Millions of people between the latitudes of Cairo and the Cape of Good Hope were subjected to a choking atmosphere that grew damper and hotter from day to day. All human movement ceased. There was nothing to be done but to lie breathing quickly as a dog does in hot weather.
By the fourth week of July conditions in the tropics lay balanced between life and total death. Then quite suddenly rain clouds appeared over the whole globe. The temperature declined a little, due no doubt to the clouds reflecting more of the Sun’s radiation back into space, But conditions could not be said to have improved. Warm rain fell everywhere, even as far north as Iceland. The insect population increased enormously, since the burning hot atmosphere was as favorable to them as it was unfavorable to Man many other animals.
6. In the British Isles the temperature　　C　　.
A　stayed at eighty B　ranged from eighty to ninety
C　approached one hundred D　exceeded the hundred mark
7. Few people in the United States lost their lives because　　D　.
A　the temperature was tolerable
B people remained indoors for weeks
C　the government had taken effective measures to reduce the hot temperature
D　people were provided with the most comfortable air-conditioners
8. Millions of people in Cairo and the Cape of Good Hope were subjected to a choking atmosphere because　　B　.
A　the temperature grew extremely hot
B the temperature became damper and hotter as the humidity of the surface waters of the sea increased
C　their conditions were too dangerous
D　nothing could be done with the hot temperature
9. By the fourth week of July conditions in the tropics were such that　D　.
A　human survival would be impossible B more and more people would lose their lives
C fewer people could be saved D　survival or death was still undecided
10. The insect population increased due to　A　 .
A the hot air B the tropical climate C the rain clouds D the damp atmosphere
（评分标准：每小题中与答案一致得2分；否则得0分。）
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五、英译汉（本大题共6小题，每小题5分，共30分）：
1. Total solids including all solids present in a water sample are determined directly by evaporating a known volume of an unfiltered water sample in a 105℃ oven.
水样中固体（物质）的总量，是将一定体积未经过滤的水样在105 度烘箱中进行蒸发而直接得到
2. Whatever the approach, it must be remembered that energy is required to lift water or to pump it through a filter.
不论采用什么方法，必须记住，提升水或用泵将水输送通过过滤床都需要能量。
3. Chlorine is the least expensive and most often used chemical for wastewater disinfection, but unfortunately it produces some undesirable side effects.
氯气是废水消毒中最便宜和使用最广泛的化学试剂，不幸的是它会产生不合要求的负影响。
4. The geographic location of some heavily populated cities,makes them particularly susceptible to frequent air atagnation and pollution buildup.
一些人口非常稠密的城市的地理位置，使得他们经常特别容易受到空气流动停滞和污染物增加的影响。
5. The method of removal consists of passing the particle-laden gas through an electrostatic field produced by a high-voltage electrode and grounded collection surface.
去除方法包括使满载微粒的气体通过由一个高压电极和接地捕集面产生的静电区域。
6. While soil beds have been shown to control certain types of odors and VOC efficiently , but their use in the USA has been limited by the low biodegradation capacity of soils and the correspondingly large space requirement.
虽然已证实土壤床可用来控制某些类型的臭气和挥发性有机化合物，但是土壤的低生物降解能力和相当大的占地要求限制了它们在美国的使用。
（评分标准：每小题中书写整洁1分；关键词汇翻译出来并不偏离原句本意2分；符合中文逻辑表达习惯，条理清晰1分；用词专业化，句子优美1分。按此四条酌情扣分。）
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六、汉译英：（本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分）
1. 催化剂是在反应过程中能加快化学反应速度的一种化学物质。
Catalyst is a kind of chemical which can speed up chemical reaction rate.
2. 人类生活的环境正遭受污水的威胁。
Environment the human lived in is suffering from the wastewater.
3. 测量的浓度自身并没有告诉我们污染物造成的危害，因为还有其他决定因素。
Measured concentrations tell us nothing about the danger caused by pollutants, because there are many other determing factors.
4. 生物过滤较其他空气污染技术（APC）有着经济上的优势，特别适用于含易生物降解污染物的尾气。
Biofiltraton has economical advantages over other APC technologies, particularly applied to off-gas streams containing air pollutants that are easily biodegraded.
（评分标准：每小题中书写整洁1分；关键词汇翻译出来并不偏离原句本意，用词时态正确2分；符合英文逻辑表达习惯 1分；用词专业化，句子优美1分。按此四条酌情扣分。）