高中英语虚拟语气重点考点知识点讲解.pdf

1 高中英语虚拟语气重点考点知识点讲解高中英语虚拟语气重点考点知识点讲解 单选题 1、To my delight,the students are recycling many things they _ away in the past.Awere throwingBwill be throwingCwould have thrownDhad thrown 答案：C 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：让我高兴的是，学生们正在回收很多东西，是他们过去本来会扔掉的。分析句子可知，空格所在句定语从句，是一个隐含的虚拟语气，in the past 相当于 If they had been in the past，所以句子用虚拟语气，和过去相反用 would have done。故选 C。2、This winter vacation,my family are going to visit the Great Wall,but I would rather we _ to Shanghai Disneyland.AgoBhad gone Cwould goDwent 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：这个寒假，我的家人要去参观长城，但是我宁愿去上海迪士尼乐园。would rather 后接句子时，用一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望。故选 D。小提示：would rather 后接句子时，句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，具体用法为：1一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望；2).用过去完成时表过去的愿望。本题考查 would rather 的虚拟语气，根据前句 This winter vacation,my family are going to visit the Great Wall 可以判断是表示将来的愿望，可知用一般过去时，从而得出答案。3、We havent met before.But he talked with me as if we _ each other for a long time.2 Ahave knownBhad knownCknewDknow 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我们以前没见过面。但他和我说话的时候，就好像我们已经认识很久了一样。根据语境可知，这里考查 as if 从句的虚拟语气，从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had+过去分词”。故选 B。4、The old couple loves the boy _ he were their own son.Aeven ifBunlessCas ifDthough 答案：C 解析：考查从属连词和虚拟语气。句意：这对老夫妇爱这个男孩，就好像他是他们自己的儿子一样。A.even if 即使；B.unless 除非；C.as if 好像；D.though 虽然，尽管。分析句子可知，句子为状语从句，从句部分为虚拟语气，再结合句意可知，空格处应用“as if”引导从句，意为“好像”，从句谓语动词动作与主句谓语动词动作同时发生，从句要用一般过去时，“be”动词要用“were”。故选 C 项。5、To keep pace with changes around the world,it is vital that teachers_ students to use computer technology.Ashould be taughtBmust teachCteachDare taught 答案：C 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：为了跟上世界巨变的步伐，老师们教会学生电脑技术是很重要的。在 it is vital that 这种句型中，主语从句常用虚拟语气，谓语动词要用“（should+）动词原形”。故选 C 项。小提示：关于主语从句中的虚拟语气，在以下两种句型中比较常用：1).It is/was important/necessary/essential/impossible/natural/unthinkable/strange/surprising that或 It is/was a rule/a shame/an honour/a surprise/no wonder that；2).It is/was 3 advised/suggested/requested/required/ordered/proposed/decided that此时，主语从句常用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”。本题符合第一种句型，谓语动词要用“(should+)动词原形”。6、One of the requirements for being admitted to the University is that you _ the English test organized by it.Awill passBwould passCpassDmust pass 答案：C 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：被这所大学录取的条件之一是你必须要通过它组织的英语考试。在 require、recommend、demand、suggest、advise 等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用(should)+动词原形的虚拟语气形式。同样，这些动词的名词形式后若有表语从句或同位语从句，从句中谓语动词用此类虚拟语气。故选 C 项。7、Wang Ling,one of my friends,is very good at English.He speaks English as if he _ an Englishman.AwereBwould beChas beenDhad been 答案：A 解析：考查虚拟语态。句意：王陵，我的一个朋友，英语很好。他说英语，就好像他是个英国人一样。结合语境，as if 引导的从句用虚拟语态，从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时，be 动词用 were。故选 A 项。8、The experts urge that governments _ social services and city planning policies.AimprovesBto improve CimproveDwill improve 答案：C 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：专家催促政府改善社会服务和城市规划政策。urge 催促，后跟宾语从句，从句的谓语动词用should+动词原形，should 可以省略，故选 C。4 9、It is suggested that you _ English as often as possible.Amay practiseBpractiseCcan practiseDwould practice 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：建议你尽可能多地练习英语。It is suggested that.有人建议，其中 that 引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，其中的 should 通常可以省略。故选 B。10、My boss is so mean.I should quit my job.I_very seriously about that if I were you.After all its not easy to get a job these days.Awill thinkBwill have thoughtCwould thinkDwould have thought 答案：C 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我的 老板很刻薄。我应该辞职不干了如果我是你我会认真考虑一下。毕竟现在这个时候不好找工作”，根据 if I were you 提示，是对一般现在情况的虚拟，根据 if 条件句虚拟语气的使用规则，主句和现在情况相反，用 would/should/could/might+do。故选 C。11、It was President Xi Jinping _ visited the navy troops on April 19 and advocated that naval force _.Awho;be strengthenedBthat;would be strengthened Cwho;to be strengthenedDthat;must be strengthened 答案：A 解析：考查强调句和宾语从句的虚拟语气。句意：4 月 19 日，正是国家主席习近平视察海军部队，提出加强海军力量建设。把 It was 和该空去掉，这个句子结构完整，语义清晰，所以这是一个强调句，强调句的基本结构是：it is/was+被强调部分+that+句子的其他成分，如果被强调部分是人，可以用 who 代替 that；that naval force _.是一个宾语从句，表示建议、要求、命令的动词之后，宾语从句要用 should+动词原形，should 可以被5 省略的虚拟语气，故选 A。小提示：判断是否是强调句的一个简便的方法就是：把 It was，that 结构去掉，如果句子结构完整就是强调句；如果句子结构不完整，那句子中就缺少了成分，可能是状语也可能是从句。12、She remembered everything in childhood _ they had just happened.Aas ifBso long asCeven ifDnow that 答案：A 解析：考查连词辨析。句意：她记得儿时的一切，就好像它们刚刚发生一样。A.as if 好像；B.so long as 只要；C.even if 即使；D.now that 既然，由于。as if 引导方式状语从句，意为“仿佛，好像”，表示“事情发生在过去，好像是刚刚发生一样”，因此该句话使用了虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。故选 A。小提示：as if(though)从句中的虚拟语气 以 as if(as though)引导的方式状语从句或表语从句，有时用虚拟语气，若表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；若表示与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；表示将来的可能性不大，用 would(might,could)+动词原形：He acts as if he knew me.他显得认识我似的。They treat me as though I were a stranger.他们待我如陌生人。He talked as if he had been abroad.他说起话来好像曾经出过国。He opened his mouth as if he would say something.他张开嘴好像要说什么。本题中“她记得儿时的一切，就好像它们刚刚发生一样”，但是儿时的事情已经很遥远，并不是刚刚发生，因此从句中使用了虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反，从句的时态为过去完成时（they had just happened），因此本6 题选择 A。13、Had it not been for your practical advice，we_such great achievements.Awould makeBwouldnt have made Cdidnt makeDhadnt made 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是你的实际建议，我们本不会取得这么大的成就。此处是对过去的虚拟，从句省略if，并将 had 置于句首构成部分倒装，根据从句中的“Had it not been”可知，与过去事实相反，此时的主句应用“would have done”，再根据句意“我们本不会取得这么大的成就”，可知选 B。14、This area has changed beyond recognition.Indeed.But for the reform and opening-up policy,people here_ out of poverty.Awouldnt be liftedBwouldnt have been lifted Cwerent liftedDhadnt been lifted 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：这一地区已变得面目全非。确实如此。要不是改革开放政策，这帮居民就不会远离贫困。此处 But for“要不是”，句子要用虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，相当于 if 引导的非真实条件句中的主语部分，且句子主语 people 和谓语动词 lift 之间是被动关系，故选 B。15、If I were given another chance,I _ much better than I did last night.Awill performBperformedCwas performedDwould perform 答案：D 解析：7 考查虚拟语气。句意：如果再给我一次机会，我的表现会比昨晚好很多。分析可知，句子为 if 引导的虚拟条件句，是对现在情况的虚拟，条件句用一般过去时，主句谓语用“would/should/might/could+动词原形”，所以用would perform。故选 D 项。16、Unless you are content with what you have,you would not be satisfied even if it _.Ais doubledBwould be doubledCwill be doubledDwere doubled 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：除非你满足于你所拥有的，否则即使拥有加倍你也不会满足。此处是 even if 引导的让步状语从句，根据主语谓语动词 would not be 可知句子用虚拟语气，与现在事实相反，则从句用一般过去时态的被动语态，在虚拟语气中 be 动词用 were，故选 D。17、The doctor insisted that I _ a high fever and that I _ a rest for a few days.Ahad;hadBhave;haveChad;haveDhave;had 答案：C 解析：考查虚拟语气和时态。句意：医生坚持说我发高烧，并坚持要求我休息几天。分析可知，第一个空前的谓语insisted，意为“坚持认为”含义，之后宾语从句应是陈述句语气，即：一般过去时；第二空前谓语 insisted 被省略，但意为“坚持要求”，之后宾语从句应是虚拟语气，即：that+主语+（should）+动词原形。故选 C 项。18、I cant thank you more,Tony.But for your timely warning,I into great trouble yesterday.Ahad gotBgotCwould have gotDwould get 答案：C 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我特别感谢你，要不是你及时的提醒，我昨天一定陷入了很大的麻烦。本题考查含蓄条件句的虚拟语气，根据 but for sth,主句+would do(表对现在或者将来的虚拟)；but for sth,主句+would(not)+8 have done（表示对过去的虚拟）。根据主句中 yesterday 可知是对过去的虚拟，故选 C。19、Bob _ his fortune;otherwise,he _ from stress to pay back the loan.Amust have made;wouldnt have suffered Bcouldnt have made;would have suffered Cmust have made;would have suffered Dcouldnt have made;wouldnt suffer 答案：C 解析：考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意：鲍勃一定发了财，否则，他会承受偿还贷款的压力。otherwise 前是对过去事情的推测，must+have+done 表示对已发生事情的肯定推测，意为一定做过某事，一定已经做过某事，想必已经做过某事，该结构只用于肯定的陈述句中。otherwise 意为否则，要不然，根据其后的句意，是不真实的，句子要用虚拟语气，且是与过去的事实相反的虚拟语气，要用 should/would/might/could+have done，故选 C。小提示：1)、must 用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为“一定”。2)、must 表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时，must 后面通常接系动词 be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。如，You have worked hard all day.You must be tired.你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。He must be working in his office.他一定在办公室工作呢。3)、must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时，must 要接完成式。如，I didnt hear the phone.I must have been asleep.我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了。4)、must 表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测，must 后面要接完成进行式。如，Why didnt you answer my phone call？Well，I must have been sleeping，so I didnt hear it.9 20、If penicillin available,many people from sickness or even small wounds in World War.Awas not;would dieBwere not;would have died Chad not been;would diedDhad not been;would have died 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有青霉素，很多人在二战中就会死于疾病或小的伤口。if 条件句用 had done 表示和过去的事实相反，主句用 would have done 表示虚拟。故选 B。小提示：虚拟语气在条件句中的用法是：虚拟条件句 与现在事实相反的假设，从句是 If+主语+动词的过去式（动词 be用 were)，主句是：主语+should,would,might,could动词原形；与过去相反的假设从句用：If+主语+had+过去分词，主句是：主语should,would,might,could have done；与将来相反的假设，从句用 1、If+主语+动词过去式，主语should,would do，2、If+主语+were to+动词原形，加主句 3、If+主语+should+动词原形，加上主句的 might,could动词原形。21、The teacher demand that the words she _ put in use in one logical sentence.Areferring toBreferred to beCreferred toDreferring to be 答案：B 解析：考查时态和被动语态。句意：老师要求把她提到的词用在一个合乎逻辑的句子里。此处为定语从句修饰先行词words，先行词在从句中作宾语，故可省略关系词，从句描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时，故应用 referred to；demand 表示“要求”时，后跟宾语从句需用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should)+原形动词，should可省略，word 与 put 构成被动关系，应用被动语态(should)be put。故选 B。22、He insisted that I _ back what I said,but I insisted that my words _ right.Atake;wasBtook;wasCtake;wereDtook;were 10 答案：C 解析：考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：他坚持要求我收回我说的话，但我坚持认为我的话是对的。分析句子可知，句中涉及“insist”的用法，“insist”后接“that”引导的从句，当“insist”表示“坚持要求”时，从句中的动作还未发生，这时要用虚拟语气，空格一所在句“收回我说的话”的动作还未发生，故应用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”，“should”可省略，故空格一填“take”，“take back”意为“收回”；当“insist”表示“坚持认为”时，表示的是个人看法，不用虚拟，从句时态和主句保持一致，根据句中“insisted”可知，空格二所在句陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，动词要用过去式，“words”为可数名词复数，与“were”连用，故空格二填“were”。故选 C 项。23、It is important that I _ with Mr.Williams immediately.AspeakBspokeCwill speakDto speak 答案：A 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我得立刻跟威廉先生说话，这很重要。在 Its+strangenecessaryimportantvital+that从句这个句式中，that 从句的谓语动词要用 should do，should 可以省略。故选 A。24、Most students believe its nice to donate blood for it could save somebodys life while others insist that we _ blood for it may cause some illnesses.Adont donateBwouldnt donateCmight not donateDnot donate 答案：D 解析：本题考查 insist 的虚拟语气用法。句意：大多数学生相信献血是好事，因为这可以拯救一个人的生命，然而另一些人坚持要求不献血，因为这或许会导致一些疾病。insist 表示“坚决要求”时，其后若接宾语从句，应使用（should）do 的虚拟语气，且 should 可以省略。此处为(should)not donate，故选 D。25、Lucas failed his driving test again._ harder,he _ the test now.11 AIf he practiced;would pass BHad he practiced;would pass CDid he practiced;would have passed DShould he practice;would have passed 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：卢卡斯又没通过驾驶考试。如果他再努力些，他现在就能通过考试了。此处是省略 if 的非真实条件句，是错综条件句，从句与过去事实相反，用过去完成时态；主句与现在事实相反，用 would+动词原形。故选 B。小提示：If 引导的虚拟语气：1).表示与现在事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be 动词用 were)主句：主语+should/would/might/could+do：If I were you，I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）2).表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done：If I had got there earlier，I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）3).表示与将来事实相反 从句：if+主语+were to doif+主语+should+doif+主语+动词一般过去式（be 动词用 were）主句:主语+should/would/might/could+do:If he should come here tomorrow，I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小，不可能）If 条件句如果把 if 省略，则把 were/should 和助动词 had 提到主语的前面。12 26、None of these efforts _ today had it not been for the past 50-years of NASA efforts.Awould existBwould have existedCexistedDhad existed 答案：A 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：过去的 50 年，如果没有航天局的努力，今天这些成就都不会发生。分析可知，本句为错综条件句的虚拟语气。根据句中“had it not been for the past 50-years of NASA efforts”可知，这是省略了 if 的虚拟条件句式，从句表示和过去事实相反，使用了 had done 的的句式，结合主句中 today 可知，主句和现在事实相反，所以用 would do，结合选项，选项 A 符合题意，故选 A。27、His pale face suggested that he _,and his wife urged that he _ a medical examination.Adoesnt feel himself；haveBnot feel himself；has Cdoesnt feel himself；hasDnot feel himself；have 答案：A 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：他苍白的脸色暗示他身体不正常，他妻子催促他应该去做一次体检。suggest 作“暗示”用时，后接宾语从句不使用虚拟语气，要使用陈述语气，由此排除了 B 和 D 选项；urge 作“催促”用时，后接宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，即 urge that somebody（should）do something，本句中 should 后的动词 have 要用原形，should 可省略，排除 C 项，故选 A。28、If he _quietly as the doctor instructed,he wouldnt suffer so much now.AliesBlayChad lainDshould lie 答案：C 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他按照医生的指示安静地躺着，他现在就不会那么痛苦了。根据句意，if 引导的条件句，从句是对过去情况的一种假设，主句是对现在情况的虚拟，表明“他过去没有听医生的，导致现在很痛13 苦”。从句表达对过去情况假设时，谓语用过去完成时态。故选 C。29、My adviser recommended that I _ the advanced literature.Awould sign up forBsign up forCsigned up forDcould sign up for 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我的导师建议我报名读高级文学。that I _ the advanced literature.是一个宾语从句，位于主句谓语动词 recommended 之后，宾语从句要使用 should+动词原形，should 可以被省略的虚拟语气，故选 B。30、We often visit the nursing home and talk to the aged as if they _ our own grandparents.AwereBareChad beenDwill be 答案：A 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我们经常去敬老院和老人交谈，就好像他们是我们自己的爷爷奶奶一样。as if 引导方式状语，当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，as if 从句用虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去式。表示与过去或与谈话时间为止发生的事实相反，谓语动词用“had+过去分词”。根据上文 often 可知是对现在的虚拟，从句中主语为 they，故应用 were。故选 A。31、But for your help,I _ the work on time.I really do not know how I can thank you enough.Awouldnt finishBhadnt finished Cwouldnt have finishedDwont have finished 答案：C 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是你的帮助，我就不会按时完成这项工作了。我真不知道该怎么感谢你才好。此处14 But for“要不是”，相当于 if 引导的虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，所以主语部分应该是 would/might/could+have done 结构。故选 C。32、In the bright sunlight the surface of the lake looks as if it_dotted with shining diamonds.AisBwereCwill beDwould be 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：在明亮的阳光下，湖面看起来好像点缀着闪闪发光的钻石。点缀着闪闪发光的钻石是不可能发生的事情，故 as if 用与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语动词应使用一般过去式，be 动词常用 were。故选 B。33、It is compulsory that every motorcyclist _ a helmet.Ashall wearBshould wearCmust wearDneed wear 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：骑摩托车的人都必须戴头盔。虚拟语气用在 It is+形容词+that 的主语从句中，在某些表示愿望、建议、请求、命令等形容词后的主语从句中，需用 should+动词原形，should 可以被省略的虚拟语气。这类形容词有 advisable，appropriate，compulsory 等，故选 B。34、If Mrs.Brown Mary to literature in junior high school,She wouldnt be a writer now.Ahadnt introducedBdidnt introduce Cshouldnt introduceDhasnt introduced 答案：A 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果布朗夫人没有在初中时给玛丽介绍文学，她现在就不会成为作家了。根据 in junior 15 high school 可知，从句是对过去的虚拟，所以谓语动词应该用 had done；主句的时间状语 now 可知，主句是对现在的虚拟，所以谓语动词应该用 would+do,故选 A。小提示：混合虚拟语气：若主句从句所指的时间不一致，即条件从句表示与过去事实相反，主句表示与现在事实相反；或者条件从表示与现在事实相反，主句表真实情况，则从句中应采用与具体时间相对应的虚拟形式。如：If it had rained last night（过去），it would be very cold today（现在）35、Our English teacher requested that the homework _ tomorrow morning.Awould be handed inBbe handed inChand inDmust be handed in 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我们的英语老师要求明天上午交作业。句中动词 request 为“要求”之意，后接宾语从句用 should+动词原形的虚拟语气，should 可以省略。从句中主语 the homework 与 hand in 之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选 B。36、How marvelous our life is with so many digital devices！Yes.I bet our life_the same without them.AisntBcant beCwont beDwouldnt be 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：有这么多数码设备，我们的生活真是太奇妙了。是的。我打赌如果没有它们，我们的生活就不一样了。由 without 判断此处是含蓄虚拟语气，且与现在的事实相反，故用 would+do/be，故选 D 项。小提示：本句考查含蓄虚拟语气 16 含蓄虚拟语气里常会出现 without,but for,otherwise,were if not for 等词，例如：Without your help,I couldnt have passed the driving test yesterday.没有你的帮助，我就不可能通过昨天的驾考。Thanks for your advice,otherwise I wouldnt have lost weight successfully.多亏了你的建议，否则我就不会成功减肥了。37、George is going to talk about the geography of his country,but Id rather he _ more on its culture.AfocusBfocused Cwould focusDhad focused 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：乔治将要讲述他国家的地理，我宁愿他没有过多的关注它的地理知识。would rather+从句，是一个常用的虚拟语气句型。would rather+从句，谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来。通过句意可看出不希望某人做某事，故选 B。38、If William had listened to what his teacher said in class,he how to solve the problem now.Ahas knownBwould knowCwould have knownDknows 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果 William 听了他老师在课上说的，他现在就知道如何解决这个问题了。本题为错综时间条件句中的虚拟语气，即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致，如从句指过去，而主句即指的是现在或将来。本句中从句表示对过去情况的假设，而主语中根据 now 可知表示对现在情况的假设，谓语动词用 would+动词原形，故选 B。小提示：条件状语从句中的虚拟语气 17 1).虚拟条件句的基本类型(1)与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be 通常用 were)，主句谓语用“should(would,could,might)+动词原形”。如：If she were trying harder,her parents wouldnt be so anxious.如果她现在更用功些，她的父母也不会这么忧虑了。(可惜她并不用功)If I knew her number I could ring her up.要是我知道她的电话号码，我就可以给她打电话了。(可惜我不知道)(2)与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should(would,could,might)+have+过去分词”。如：If Id seen you,Id have said hello.如果我看见你了，我会和你打招呼的。(不巧我没看见你)If they had invited him to the party,he would have attended it.如果他们邀请了他参加晚会，他是会参加的。(但他们没邀请他)(3)与将来事实相反 若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be 通常用 were)，主句谓语用“should(would,could,might)+动词原形”。如：If you succeeded,everything would be all right.