2023年新高考英语二轮复习专题练习名词-(含解析).docx

名词1. _ important information you have told us!A. What B. What an C. How D. How an2. They sold _ boxes of such sweets last week.A. four dozens B. four dozen C. four dozens of D. four dozen of3. Peter made _ in the work that he was praised.A. so rapid a progress B. so rapid progressC. such a rapid progress D. such rapid progress4. Two bags are on the table .They are _. ( )A. the twins B. the twins C. twins D. twins5. I hear youve had a few new football players.Yes. But one or two had no strict _ until they joined our club.A. practice B. training C. performance D. progress6. Danny and his friends have _ on the playground.A. funny B. funs C. fun D. funnies7. Miss Huang always advises us to practice speaking English after class. She is right. Speaking is an important language _.A. sign B. skill C. purpose D. suggestion8. How many _ are there in the international village？-360( )A. Chinese B. Russian C. American D. German9. The failure was a big _ to him, but he wasnt discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.A. blow B. issue C. excuse D. factor10. Its sports time.Most_students in Class1 are playing football in the playground.( )A. boy B. boys C. boys D. boys11. A shirt made of this_will be very comfortable to wear. ( )A. mineral B. material C. structure D. organism第 1 页，共 12 页12. Its _to play with Lego Robot in the training camp. How I wish I could come here _second time.A. a great fun; a B. great fun; aC. a great fun; the D. great fun； the13. 下面句子中可以省略的是？She went to Mr. Blacks house yesterdayA. She B. house C. went D. to14. Seeing her father come back, _.A. tears ran down her cheeks B. her tears ran outC. she burst into tears D. she burst into crying15. Try to understand whats actually happening instead of acting on the _ youve made.A. assignment B. association C. acquisition D. assumptionMy operation was a success. Then I was required to practice (17) with the help of my family along the corridor (走廊) .On the first day, I saw a (19) standing in the doorway of a room. I couldnt see him (21) , yet the body language was somehow sending out (23) to me. Meanwhile, I felt his care for me.As I (25) a little more strength, I could walk alone. The man would always be standing in the doorway, (27) and nodding at me.I stopped to (29) with him. He explained that he and his wife had brought their son to this hospital from Iran. They were hoping their son would recover but things were not going well. He said how he enjoyed seeing my family (31) me and I was (33) by the loneliness of that small family so far from home.On the morning when I would leave hospital, I told him I would (35) for his son. He thanked me but shrugged his shoulders indicating the (37) . This man in his sorrow was so (39) about my recovery. I felt his care for me.Ten years has passed since we (41) . Yet he is always in my (43) . When our heartsare (45) , we are able to accept the love and kindnesses of others.16. A. walking B. writing C. standing D. jogging第 2 页，共 12 页17. A. sign B. figure C. pole D. tree18. A. slightly B. casually C. clearly D. steadily19. A. encouragement B. satisfaction C. embarrassment D. congratulation20. A. gained B. accomplished C. abandoned D. controlled21. A. crying B. smiling C. trembling D. working22. A. complain B. play C. chat D. practice23. A. consulting B. valuing C. assessing D. accompanying24. A. saddened B. shocked C. disappointed D. comforted25. A. pray B. struggle C. provide D. wait26. A. coldness B. willingness C. hopelessness D. nervousness27. A. careful B. happy C. curious D. serious28. A. witnessed B. faded C. retired D. parted29. A. city B. heart C. schedule D. effort30. A. broken B. light C. open D. lost31. In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran forjust under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible (1) (crowd) on the roads above asthey travelled to and (2) work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interestingmethod. This included digging up the road, (3) (lay) the track and then building a strong roofover (4) top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.Steam engines (5) (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been (6) (fair) unpleasant for thepassengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great successand within six months, more than 25, 000 people were using (7) every day.Later, engineers (8) (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the (9) (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most (10) (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.(1)(2)第 3 页，共 12 页(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)32.Paper-cutting is a Chinese folk art (1) a long history It (2) back to the time of the Northern andSouthern Dynasty By the Southern Song Dynasty， paper-cutting had become an important part ofeveryday lifeThere are three (3) of paper cuts which people still make today Paper cuts used for (4) are often seenon windows and gates They are usually (5) up during holidays to bring good luck They are alsoused on presents A present for parents whose child has (6) been born might show a paper cut ofchildren， for example Paper cuts which show the Chinese character for double (7) are often usedto celebrate weddingsPaper cuts used for religious purposes are often found in temples They are also used (8) offerings tothe dead People to whom the dead person was (9) would make these offerings on special days andduring festivalsThe third kind of paper cuts are those used to make (10) on clothing(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)第 4 页，共 12 页(9)(10)33. 假定你是足球队队长李华，你校足球队在上周结束的省中学生足球联赛中夺冠， 请给你的英国朋友 Bill 写一封邮件，分享这一好消息。内容包括：(1)夺冠情况；(2)你的感受。注意：(1)写作词数应为 80 左右；(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；(3)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。第 5 页，共 12 页答案和解析1.A【解析】句意：你告诉了我们多么重要的信息啊！根据空后的information，不可数名词，可知此 处用 what 引导感叹句， 符合句型： What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！ information “信息”不 可数名词，不能使用不定冠词修饰。故选 A。2.B【解析】句意：上星期他们卖了48 盒这样的糖果。 dozen 与数词连用时，不加s。此外 dozen 与数 词连用作定语修饰名词时，不加 of，故选 B。3.D【解析】句意：彼得在工作中进步如此之快，因此受到了赞扬。此处是such 的用法，such+adj.+n.+that. “如此. 以致于. ”，此处 progress 是不可数名词，不能用so 修饰， so 一般 修饰形容词或副词，故选 D。4.A【解析】 根据句意和结构可知这句话使用名词所有格， 双胞胎用twin 的复数 twins，名词所有格 加。故选： A。两只包在桌上。他们是双胞胎的。解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。考生做此类题 型，要分析句子结构，理解句意，考虑语境，选择恰当词。切忌：粗心大意，惯性判断。要注意 细心分析验证，得出答案。5.B【解析】句意： 我听说你有几个新足球队员。 是的。但是有一两个在加入我们的俱乐部 之前没有接受过严格的训练。 A.practice 练习； B.training 训练； C.performance 表演； D.progress 进 步。由前面句子 Ihear youve had a few new football players.可知，此处是指新队员在加入俱乐部之第 6 页，共 12 页前没有接受过严格的训练，故选 B。6.C【解析】句意： Danny 和他的朋友在操场上玩得很开心。 have fun 玩得开心，过得愉快， fun 为不 可数名词。故选 C。7.B【解析】句意： 黄老师总是建议我们课后练习说英语。 她是对的，口语是一项很重要的 语言技能。 A.sign 标志，迹象； B.skill 技能； C.purpose 目的； D.suggestion 建议。根据常识可知， 口语是一项语言技能，故选 B。8.A【解析】考查专有名词的单复数。句意： 在国际村里有多少中国人？ 360 人。对于专有 名词的单复数形式不尽一致， 单复数同形： Chinese， Japanese； 单复数不同形： German-Germans， American-Americans， Russian-Russians。故选 A。9.A【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：这次失败对他是一次大打击，但是他不气馁，很快就和以前一样 热情。 A.blow 打击； B.issue 问题； C.excuse 借口； D.factor 因素。根据句意，故选 A。10.A【解析】考查名词作定语。分析句子结构可知， 此处在句中作定语修饰 students，一般用单数形式。 故选： A。现在是运动时间。一班的多数男生都在操场上踢足球。学生要有扎实的语法知识基础，分析句子，选择正确的答案。11.B【解析】 考查名词辨析。 句意：这种材质的衬衫穿起来会很舒服。 A mineral 矿物质； B material 布料， C structure 结构； D organism 有机体。根据be very comfortable to wear可知，此处是指 衣服的材质。第 7 页，共 12 页故选： B。这种材质的衬衫穿起来会很舒服。考查名词，弄清楚各个名词的含义并区别各个名词之间的差异，然后结合语境选择正确答案。12.B【解析】句意： 与乐高机器人一起玩非常有趣。我多么希望再来这里一次啊。根据 Its _to play with Lego Robot可知非常有趣， fun “乐趣”， 不可数名词， great fun 非常有趣； 由 How I wish I could come here 可知希望再来一次，序数词 second 前要用不定冠词a， a second “又一，再一”。13.B【解析】句意：她昨天去了布莱克先生的房子。句中Mr. Blacks 表示“布莱克先生的房子”所 以其后的 house 可省略。14.C【解析】略15.D【解析】句意：试着去了解到底发生了什么，而不是按照你所做的假设行事。A.assignment (布置 的)作业；(分配的)任务； B.association 团体，协会，社团； C.acquisition 获得，(对公司的) 收购； D.assumption 假设，假想。根据句意，故选 D。1630.A 、B 、C 、A 、A 、B、C 、D 、A 、A 、C 、B 、D 、B、C【解析】 1. 根据第三段的“As I _ a little more strength, I could walk alon可知，“我”被要 求练习走路(walking)。故选 A 项。2. 根据后一句的“the body language”可知，这里是一个人影(figure)。故选 B 项。3. “我”看不清楚，但肢体语言不知何故给了“我”鼓励。根据“yet”转折语气以及后边的依据 肢体语言做判断可知，此处是看不清楚(clearly)。故选 C 项。4. 根据第三段的“The man would always be standing in the doorway, _ and nodding at m”e可知， 这个肢体语言一直都在鼓励(encouragement)“我”。故选 A 项。5. 因为可以独立行走而不再需要家人帮助了，所以体力应该是增强了(gained)。故选 A 项。第 8 页，共 12 页6. 根据第四段的“he enjoyed seeing my family _ me”和倒数第二段的“I felt his care for me” 可知，这个人对“我”一直是关心友善的，所以这里是smiling。故选 B 项。7. “我”停下来和他聊天。 根据后一句的“Heexplained”可知， 此处为聊天 (chat) 。 故选 C 项。 8. 此句与后文形成对比，他们远离家乡，没有那么多人在身边，所以此处羡慕“我”有家人陪伴 (accompanying)。故选 D 项。9. “我”为离家这么远的那个小家庭的孤独感到难过。看到他们远离家乡没人陪伴，“我”感到 难过(saddened)。故选 A 项。10. “我”康复了，要出院了，“我”能为这位父亲做的就是为他生病的儿子祈祷(pray)。故选 A 项。11. 根据“but”转折意思，以及耸肩这个动作可知，他是绝望的(hopelessness)。故选 C 项。12. 根据后文的“Ifelt his care for me”可知，他为“我”感到高兴(happy)。故选 B 项。13. 根据前文“我”出院了可知，我们分开(parted)十年了。故选 D 项。14.根据“Yet”可知， 虽然我们分开后没再见过面，但“我”依然记得他，他一直在“我”心中(heart)。 故选 B 项。15. 当我们敞开心扉的时候， 我们就能够接受他人的爱和善意。 根据“acceptthe love and kindnesses of others”可知，此处表示敞开(open)心扉。故选 C 项。31. 【小题 1】crowds【小题 2】from【小题 3】laying【小题 4】the【小题 5】were used【小题 6】fairly第 9 页，共 12 页【小题 7】it【小题 8】managed【小题 9】introduction【小题 10】successful【解析】1. 句意： 它的运行距离不到 7 公里， 人们在上下班路上可以避开上面道路上可怕的人群。 crowd 可数名词，意为“人群”，根据句意可知，此处应用复数形式crowds，故填crowds。2. travel to and from 表示“往返于”，固定短语，故填 from。3. 句意：这包括挖掘道路，铺设轨道。分析句子可知， digging, building 与 lay 是 include 并列 的宾语，因此应保持形式一致，用动名词形式。故填laying。4. 这里的 top 是特指上文所提到的第一条地下客运铁路的“顶部”，故填the。5. 句意：蒸汽机被用来拉动车厢。句子陈述过去发生的事情，应为一般过去时态，且Steam engines 与 use 之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态；主语Steam engines 是复数， be 动词 用 were。故填 were used。6. 句意：所有的烟雾和噪音对于顾客来说一定是相当不愉快的。此处用副词fairly 修饰形容词 unpleasant，故填 fairly。7. 句意：然而，这条铁路很快就被证明是一个巨大的成功，并且在六个月之内，每天有超过2.5 万人使用它。联系上文可知，此处应用 it 来指代上文的 the railway。故填 it。8. 句意：后来，工程师们设法在一个深隧道系统中建造铁路。句子陈述过去发生的事，要用一般 过去时态。故填 managed。9. 句意：只有引进电动引擎和电梯，这一发展才有可能实现。根据前面的定冠词和后面的介词of 可知，本空应填名词； introduction 意为“引进，采用”，是不可数名词，故填introduction。10. 句意：伦敦中央铁路是这些新线路中最成功的一条，于1900 年开通。空处用形容词作表语， the most successful 表示“最成功的”，故填 successful。32. 【小题 1】with 【小题 2】dates第 10 页，共 12 页【小题 3】types【小题 4】decoration【小题 5】put【小题 6】recently【小题 7】happiness【小题 8】as【小题 9】related【小题 10】patterns【解析】 1 with 考察选词填空 句意： 剪纸是一种有着悠久历史的中国民间艺术 表示有着， 所以填 with2 dates 考察选词填空句意：它可以追溯到南北朝时期 date back to 追溯到，在一般现在时 中，主语 It 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，所以填 dates3 types 考察选词填空 句意：现在，人们仍在制作三种类型的剪纸被three 修饰，所以用 名词复数，所以填 types4 decoration考察选词填空 句意： 在窗户和大门上， 经常看到用于装饰的剪纸 use for 用于， 其中 for 是介词，后面接名词，所以填 decoration5 put 考察选词填空句意：为了带来好运，它们通常在假日被张贴 它们和张贴之间是 被动关系，用被动语态，所以填 put6 recently考察选词填空句意：给孩子刚出生的父母的礼物，可能会有一张孩子的剪纸表 示最近，所以填 recently7 happiness考察选词填空句意：剪纸上写着双喜临门的汉字，常被用来庆祝婚礼 for 是 介词，后面接名词，所以填 happiness8 as考察选词填空句意：它们也被用作祭品，献给死者的亲属，在特殊的日子和节日里献上 这些祭品 be used as 被用来做，该短语是固定短语，所以填as9 related考察选词填空句意：它们也被用作祭品，献给死者的亲属，在特殊的日子和节日里 献上这些祭品这里含有一个定语从句， related to 与有关，是固定短语，所以填 related10 patterns 考察选词填空 句意： 第三种剪纸是用来在衣服上作图案的 该空作 make 的宾语，用名词，且是复数意义，用名词复数，所以填patterns这是一篇说明文文章介绍了剪纸艺术的历史和作用考查选词填句第 11 页，共 12 页选择合适的短语主要的依据是句子的含义，我们往往会根据空格前后的句子，短语和单词来选出 合适的短语；同时还要注意使用短语的正确形式，特别是动词短语，首先要判断是做谓语还是非 谓语，如果是谓语动词要注意时态和语态，如果是非谓语动词，要注意判断所做的句子成分，从 而选用正确的非谓语动词的形式33. Dear Bill,How are you? I am writing to share my excitement over our winning the championship in the provincial football tournament.The tournament was rounded off last Friday. After rounds of fierce competition, the team of my school finally stood out and won the championship. As captain of the school team, I am filled with a great sense of pride for this honor. The team practiced really hard this year and we were overjoyed to see our efforts finally paid off. I believe you will also feel happy for our achievement.Yours, Li Hua第 12 页，共 12 页