全厂接地施工方案海外版.doc

越南沿海一期2X622MW火电工程防雷接地施工方案

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目 录
1．编制依据 2
2．工程概况 2
3．施工条件 2
4．机械配备计划 4
5．施工方法 4
6．技术质量要求 9
7．注意事项及其它 13
8．主要工作器具 15
9．安全文明施工与环境保护注意事项 15
附件：OHS 危害辨识与危险评价一览表 17

越南沿海一期2X622MW火电工程主厂房标段
接地系统安装施工方案

1． 编制依据
References
1.1 广东省电力设计研究院的全厂接地施工蓝图（F4281S-D0901、F4281S-D0903、F4281S-D0904）
Site Grounding Construction Blueprint of GEDI (F4281S-D0901、F4281S-D0903、F4281S-D0904)
1.2 《电力建设施工及验收技术规范》
"The Code of Erection and Acceptance for power Plant Construction"
电气装置安装工程接地装置施工及验收规范 （GB50169-2006）
"Code for Construction and Acceptance of Earthed Device"（GB50169-2006）
2． 工程概况
2. Project Overview
本方案施工内容包括主厂房标段的所有室内外接地网施工，主要工作内容有：垂直接地极的施工、接地母线施工、避雷针（包括避雷带）以及设备接地线施工。施工范围按合同划分。
This WPP is mainly prepared for all the indoor and outdoor grounding grid construction of the whole plant, which includes vertical earthing electrode, grounding strap, lightning conductor (including lightning belt) and grounding wire of equipments. Work scope is as per the contract.
3． 施工条件
3. Work Prerequisites
3.1合理的人员配合
3.1 Reasonable Personnel Allocation
队站行政负责人
Administrator

队站技术负责人
Technical Leader

安全员Safety Supervisor
班长Monitor
技术员Technician

施工小组2
Construction Team 2
施工小组1 Construction Team 1

（1） 管理和施工人员责任明确：（施工组长和焊工要固定）
The responsibilities of management staff and constructors shall be clearly divided (construction group leader and welders shall be fixed).
人员配备计划：
Workforce preparation:
工种Type of Work
人数 Quantity
电气安装技工Electrical Assembly Technician
4
电焊工 Welder
2
熟练民工 Skilled Worker
8

① 队站行政负责人：负责全面的施工进度及安全质量的控制。
Team Administrator: control the overall construction progress, safety and quality.
② 队站技术负责人：负责全面的施工技术工作，对于关键难点问题给出必要的指导方案
Team technical leader: take charge of overall technical work and work out necessary guiding plan for key and difficult issues.
③ 班长：负责现场施工规划、工期、质量控制、安全文明施工及整个工作分配、协调。
Monitor: take charge of construction planning, construction schedule, construction quality, safe and civilized construction, assignment and coordinate.
④ 技术员：负责施工计划、材料计划、质量措施、技术援助，做好施工记录，编写资料。
Technician: take charge of planning construction and material, putting forward quality assurance measures, and providing technical assistance, as well as making construction records and compiling document .
⑤ 安全员：主要负责安全文明施工工作。
Safety Officer: in charge of safe and civilized construction.
⑥ 施工组长：负责本组施工进度、工艺质量。管理好本组施工人员，向班长反映制约生产的因素.
Construction group leader: be responsible for the construction progress and technical quality; Supervises construction workers of his team and reports the restraining factors and difficulties to monitor.
（2） 每个施工小组应由技工带领，配备两个以上熟练民工。
Every team shall be lead by technician and provided with more than two skilled workers.
3.2设计图纸已到，且经过专业图纸会审。
3.2 Design drawings in AWC/AP status are available.
3.3土建开挖好，在土建零米以下浇筑基础拆除模板后，且回填土到负1.2米时施工最好。
3.3 It is best to start construct when the foundation is backfilled to -1.2m.
3.4工程所需的材料（接地铜排50×5、铜接地棒￠18、铜绞线185mm2，铜绞线150mm2，铜绞线120mm2，铜绞线95mm2，铜绞线70mm2）,符合设计和现行有关规范（标准）规定的质量要求，并已运抵现场。在现场进行材料验收合格才允许使用。
Material preparation：50 x5 grounding copper bar , ￠18copper ground rod, 185 mm2 copper wire , 150mm2 copper wire , 120mm2 copper wire, 95mm2 copper wire, 70 mm2 copper wire. All the above mentioned material shall comply with the quality requirements of design and current related specifications (standard), and are available on site. The material on site can be used only after inspection and acceptance.
3.5施工用电焊机及各种模具、模具架、消耗材料已准备好。
Electric welding machine and all kinds of molds, mold frames and consumable material are available.
3.6施工流程图Construction flow chart：
图纸审核WPP及ITP的编制
Drawings approving and WPP&ITP compiling

材料工器具的准备
Material and tools preparation

开挖
Excavating

接地线及接地极的安装Installation of earth wire and earth electrode

不合格
Unqualified
验收
Checking and acceptance

合格
Qualified

回填隐蔽 Backfilling and hiding

资料完善
Perfection of data

4．机械配备计划 Machines preparation
名 称 Description
型 号Type
数 量Quantity
单 位Unit
火焊器具 Fire welding appliance

4
套Set
线缆剪 Cable scissors

4
套Set
喷灯 Blowtorch
液化气Liquefied gas
4
套Set
5．施工方法 Construction method
5.1 主厂房及锅炉基础接地母线采用铜绞线185mm2并且股数大于7股的铜绞线，垂直接地级采用￠18，长3000mm铜接地棒，在弯角或交叉处采用放热熔接法焊接。接地体与设备基础相撞时，可沿基础边沿绕开基础。
5.1 185mm2 copper conductor with more than 7 strands shall be applied for grounding bus of main plant and boiler foundation, ￠18 grounding copper rod of 3000mm length is used for vertical grounding electrode, and exothermic welding method is adopted at corners and intersections. The grounding lead shall bypass the equipment foundation when they collide with each other.
5.2全厂室内外电气设备的接地应遵守有关部分及施工验收规范的有关规定。
5.2 All the indoor and outdoor electric appliance shall be earthed as per relevant regulations.
（1） 室外水平接地网采用185mm2铜绞线，垂直接地级采用￠18，长3000mm的铜接地棒。
5.2.1 Outdoor horizontal grounding grid applies185mm2 copper conductor and vertical grounding electrode applies￠18 grounding copper rod of 3000mm length.
（2）设备水泥支架的接地，应从支架顶板相应设备的底座接地点可靠引接，需增加接地点的设备，应用两根185mm2铜绞线，直接引下与主地网的不同点相连，有爬梯则利用爬梯上端与架构相连接，其他无避雷针（线）架构采用单独引下线与主地网连接，并在连接点处及附近打入垂直接地极加强接地。主变及高压启动/备用变中性点以两根185mm2铜绞线两点接入两条不同水平接地干线，且每条引下线都应符合热稳定校核的要求。变压器油管路的法兰截门等处应使用接地跨线连接。
5.2.2 Grounding for equipment cement support shall be connected to the bottom plate of corresponding equipment, to those equipment needs to increase grounding points, two 185mm2 copper conductors shall be applied between the grounding points and two different points of grounding grid; to those frameworks with steel ladders, grounding for which can be done through connecting the steel ladder and the framework; to those framework without lighting protector, single down lead shall be connected with grounding grid, and copper rods shall be inserted at and near the connecting point to strengthen the grounding capacity. For main transformer and HP start/stand transformer, two 185mm2 copper conductors shall be connected between two different points of whose neutral points and two parallel grounding main lines, each down lead shall meet the thermostability requirement. Flange stop valves of transformer oil line shall be earthed.

钢设备柱、钢架构可作为接地线使用，接地点与接地线必须焊接，且直线焊在钢柱上，焊接在架构上的爬梯可不设专门接地。钢架构顶部有避雷针（线）的，下方人字柱必须用185mm2铜绞线两点接地架构、钢杆支柱等的连接法兰间，应用185mm2铜绞线作为接地线跨接，两端连接紧固，设对称两个，轴线布置。（人字柱两点须连接）该连接线制作成U形状。
Steel equipment column and steel framework can be used as grounding line, but the ground point must be welded to the ground wire, and welded to the steel column with straight line, grounding of ladder welded to the framework is not necessary. To steel framework that possesses lightning protector on its top, two opposite points of the herringbone column under shall be connected, and the connecting wire shall be made in U shape.
5.3接地极的制作安装：
5.3 Processing and installation of earthing electrode:
（1） 接地极采用￠18铜接地棒按L=3000mm切割下料加工成尖形，加工后切割无溶瘤。
5.3.1 ￠18 copper rod with length of 3000mm and apiciform shape shall be used as grounding electrode.
（2） 垂直接地极应垂直打入地下，其顶端距地面约0.8 mm，间距不小于10m，以防止相互屏蔽。
5.3.2 The copper rod shall be inserted into the ground, the top of which shall be 0.8mm away from the ground surface, and the distance between copper rods not less than 10m.
5.4接地母线的施工：
5.4 Ground bus construction:
（1） 根据设计图标明的位置，利用土建施工回填土到负1.2米左右时，敷设接地母线。
5.4.1 Lay the ground bus at about -1.2m during backfilling according to the position indicated in design drawing.
（2） 基础接地和室外接地网母线的连接以及室外接地网母线的连接均采用放电热熔法，需按设计要求进行，焊接必须牢靠，接地网距建筑屋外墙为2－3米，困难时可适当减小，但不小于1.5米,接地体尽量躲开管道沟。
5.4.2 Electric discharge melt method shall be adopted to weld the foundation ground and outdoor grounding grid bus, and connect the outdoor grounding gird buses, the welding must be sound, meeting the design requirement; the grounding grid shall be 2-3m away form building outer walls, which can be reduced but shall not less than 1.5m, pipe trench shall be avoided by grounding body.
（3）接地线及自然接地体，应在不同位置多点与主接地网相连。
5.4.3 The conductor and natural conductor shall be connected to different positions of main grounding grid through different ground points.
（4） 变压器四周作闭合均压接地网，且有明显的接地标志。
5.3.4 Closed voltage sharing grounding grid shall be made around transformer, with obvious grounding mark.
（5）室内外接地网和集中接地装置按设计要求采用放热焊接，施工时按下列步骤进行：Exothermal welding shall be applied to weld the outdoor grounding grid and central grounding device, in the following steps:
①将导线及熔模清理干净，再将导线熔接处用喷灯加热，然后安置导线与熔模内，调整位置使被焊接点处于熔腔中心。Clear the wire and the fired mold, and heat up the wire welding point with blowtorch, then place the wire welding point at the center of the fired mold.
②闭合模具架，并放入隔离片。Close the mold rack and place a isolating sheet into it.
③倒入放热焊剂，并将引火粉撒于放热焊剂表层。Pour exothermal welding flux in, and scatter pyrophoric powder on its surface.
④留少许引火粉散布于模口，供点火之用，然后盖上模盖。Leave small amount of pyrophoric powder at the mold orifice for ignition, then close the mold cover.
⑤从模口侧面点火。Ignite from the side of mold orifice.
⑥放热焊剂被引燃开始反应，放出高热。The exothermal welding flux is fired and starts reaction and release super heat.
⑦反应完毕后，待自然冷却30秒后开启模具夹。After reaction completion, open the mold in 30 seconds later.
（6）放热焊剂熔焊接头应达到下列要求：The welding joint of exothermal welding flux shall meet the following requirements:
①接头外观应无尖角、缺口、卷边等缺陷。There shall be no sharp corner, breach and hemming on joint appearance.
②熔接口无蜂窝状气孔。No honeycomb hole at welding point.
③接头无裂痕。No crack on joint.
④接头应牢固，无松动，无空隙。The joint sall be sound, no loose or gap.
⑤接头熔接件无裸露。The welding part of joint shall not be naked.
（7）为了避免接地抽头被回填土埋没，留出地面一米，严禁埋入土中。在抽头上悬挂“接地抽头 注意保护”标志牌。画上色标（黄兰相间的条纹，每段为15-100mm）The earth tap shall be 1m over ground surface and can not be buried by soil, a sign writing "EARTH TAP, PLEASE PROTECT" shall be hang on the tap. Yellow and blue strip of width 15-100mm in between shall be painted on the tap.
（8）室内接地网、接地干线的敷设 Laying of indoor grounding grid and grounding main lines
①室内接地网、接地干线采用50×5接地铜排贴墙敷设，铜排离地250mm，并每隔1.5－2m固定一次。且应等距离固定。50×5 grounding copper bar are applied for indoor grounding grid and grounding main lines, which shall be 250mm away from the ground, and be fixed once every 1.5-2m away.
②接地干线过门处贴地坪敷设，在地坪抹面前每隔1.5－2m用膨胀螺栓固定，
接地线应高出地坪约2mm。The grounding main line shall be laid against terrace when it passes doors, and get fixed by expansion bolt every 1.5-2m away before terrace casting, the earthing conductor shall be 2mm over terrace.
③接地线由室外或室内穿墙，过楼板处用Φ32的钢管保护，并画上色标。Φ32 steel pipe shall be used to protect the earthing conductor crossing the walls and floors, and color mark shall be painted.
④室内接地网可由厂区接地网、电缆隧道、夹层、及电缆沟的接地干线引入，但连接点不少于两点。The indoor grounding grid can be lead in from the grounding grid of main plant area, cable channel, interlayer and grounding main line in cable trench, and the number of connecting point shall not less than 2.
（9） 架构（或主厂房顶）避雷针（线）的集中接地装置接地电阻不超过10Ω，且应与主网连接；由主网接地点至变压器接地点与接地极的长度不小于15m；避雷针及其接地装置与道路或出入口等距离不小于3m；架构上避雷针接地部分与带电部分之间的距离不小于绝缘串的长度。The grounding electric resistance for central grounding device of framework (or main plant roof) lightening protector, and the central grounding device shall be connected to main grounding grid; the distance between the point of grounding grid (which is connected to transformer) and copper rod shall not less than 15m; the lightning protector and its grounding device shall be more than 3m away from road and entrance & exit; the distance between ground part of framework lightning protector and live part shall over the length of insulator string.
（10）建筑物屋顶上的金属外壳，电缆金属外皮和建筑物金属构件均应接地。(10)The outer metal shell on the building roof, metal skin of cable and building metal framework shall be earthed.
（11）电缆沟内固定电缆支架的土建预埋扁钢应为完好的电气通路且每隔20m与接地网可靠连接，为了方便测量接地电阻，在适当地方做接地测量井。
(11) The embedded flat steel on the fixed cable support in cable trench shall possess well performing electric circuit and shall be soundly connected to grounding grid every 20m away, and to make it convenient to measure the electric resistance, ground testing wells shall be set in proper places.
（12）屋外配电装置的金属围拦每隔50m接地一次，接地点不少于两处，金属
大门也应接地。The outdoor metal fence shall also be earthed every 50m away, the number of grounding point shall not less than 2, the metal gate shall also be earthed.
5.5电气设备的接地：
5.5 Grounding for electric equipment:
（1） 电气装置和设施下列金属部分，按设计要求，均应接地：
(1) The electric device and facility, as well as the following metal part shall be earthed as per required in design:
①高压电机、变压器和高压电器、重要设备的底座和外壳，必须用185mm2铜绞线分别从不同地点与主接地网相连，满足热稳定要求。对变压器、断路器、CT、PT等重要设备和构架用185mm2铜绞线与主接地网的不同点及不同方向连接引下线。For HV motor, transformer and HV electric appliance, baseplate and shell of key equipments must be earthed from different positions to main grounding gride, using 185mm2 copper wire, which shall meet the thermostability requirement. To key equipments and frameworks like transformer, circuit breaker, CT, PT, etc shall be earthed to different points of main grounding grid in different directions using 185mm2 copper wire.
②发电机0米层、6.9米层应从主地网引入4-5点敷成一个主地网，供发电机本体所属PT套管出线间、离相母线、共箱母线、CT、发电机中性点柜、发电机滑环、励磁变、励磁小间、6.6KV、400V配电室用。4-5 points shall be lead in from the grounding grid to form indoor grounding grid in turbine house 0m and 6.9m layer, which supplies grounding for PT sleeve outgoing room of turbine generator, isolated-phase bus, nonsegregated phase bus, CT, neutral point cabinet of generator, slip ring of generator, exciting transformer, exciting chamber, 6.6KV switch house, 400V switch house.
③低压电气设备传动装置，根据设备容量按《电气装置安装工程施工及验收规范》要求用2.5mm2以上的软铜芯线经电缆管引接接地；The drive unit of LP electric appliance shall be earthed using 2.5mm2 soft copper core in cable duct according to "Code for Construction and Acceptance of Earthed Device"
④互感器的二次绕组，在二次设计要求的接地点用4mm2的软铜芯线接地；The secondary winding of mutual inductor shall be earthed using 4mm2 soft copper core from the grounding points as per required in the secondary design.
⑤配电、控制、保护用的屏（柜、箱）及操作台等的金属框架，从接地网引出通过电缆支架桥架的接地母线用185mm2铜绞线；The metal frame of cabinet and box for distribution, control and protect shall be earthed, the grounding bus shall apply 185mm2 copper wire by connecting it with the grounding grid passing cable support and bridge.
⑥穿线的钢管和电缆桥架与支架的接地母线应焊接在一起；The grounding bus of steel wire duct and cable support & bridge shall be welded together.
（2）电气设备每个接地部分应以单独的接地线与接地母线相连接，严禁在一个
接地线中串接几个需要接地的部分. Special grounding conductor shall be set for each part of electric appliance to connect with grounding bus, one grounding conductor connecting to several parts that need to earth is forbidden.
（3） 与公路、化学管道等交叉的地方，以及其他有可能发生机械损伤的地方，对接地母线应采用Φ32水煤气管保护，将其埋入地下，深度为0.8m。
(3) Φ32 water gas pipe shall be applied to protect the grounding bus when it crossing the access road, chemical pipe and other places where it can be damaged,