非常好的任务型阅读解题技巧.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Task-based Reading,任务型阅读,能力测试,要求,1.(collect information),2,.(understand details),3,.(transform words or sentences),4,.(paraphrase words,phrases or sentenses),5,.(conclude the passage or paragraphs),考纲解读,1.先表后文，预测,文意,2.,寻找出处，对号入座,3.,整合信息,，,分析,归纳,4,.,判断用词，准确表达 5.通观全文，复读检查,答题步骤,原文词,；,（即在文章中直接找到）,归纳词,（主要出现在表格的表头、行标题或栏标题中）,转换,词,（主要是词性转换,）,同、,反义词,（主要,是,同义转换或加否定词的反义转换）,释义词,（即能解释原文中的词,，词组、或,句,子,意思的词）。,答题步骤,4,判断用词，准确表达,大小写？,单词有无拼写错误？,表达形式在语法上是否与同横纵栏目一致？,尤其,检查是否正确运用了,名词单复数,形式；,动词,-ing或-ed,形式,；,形容词及副词,的比较等级形式等。,答题步骤,5.通观全文，复读检查,答题技巧,原文词,归纳词,转换词,同反义词,释义词,1,标题归纳题,1.,根据“文章主旨句大多出现在三个位置：,文章首段，一段末,或,二段首，文章末段,”的特点，可有意识地从上述三个位置找到文章主题句，再加以准确概括，确定语篇标题。,2.文中出现的高频率词或词组，往往就是标题。,判定归纳概括词的方法,Much of our good health depends on the cooperation between substances.When they work together,chemical reactions take place smoothly.Body systems are kept in balance.Some of the most important helpers in the job of good health are the substances we call vitamins.,Vitamin A is needed to produce a light-sensitive substance in the eyes.,Vitamin B-one is also called thiamine.硫胺(维生素B1)It changes starchy(淀粉)foods into energy.,Vitamin B-twelve is needed so folic(叶酸)acid can do its work.,Vitamin C is necessary for strong bones and teeth,and for healthy blood vessels(.管),判定归纳概括词的方法,Example 1,Title _,71,_,Vitamins,2,段落归纳题,段落归纳概括题常位于表格的左栏，能最大限度覆盖相应行、列或单元格的全部信息，常为名词、名词词组或动(名)词词组。,判定归纳概括词的方法,判定归纳概括词的方法,Example 2,71_,72_,Sources,73_,caused by lack of it,Vitamin A,Helping prevent,poor sight at night,Fish liver oil,yellow part of eggs,darkly colored fruits and vegetables,Inability to see,at night,Vitamin B-1,Helping the74_ system,Grains,beans,nuts,meat and fish good for the 75_work of the heart and nervous system,76_and slow growth,Vitamin B-12,Helping get red blood cells 77_,78_ foods like eggs,meat,fish and milk products,anemia,Vitamin C,A 79_for strong bones and teeth and healthy blood vessels,Citrus fruits,tomatoes and uncooked vegetables,Not 80_,_,_,Functions,Kinds,Problems,2,段落归纳题,判定归纳概括词的方法,注意,:,有时所填写的概括词不能照抄主题句中的关键词，而需根据表达的需要改变关键词的词形或词性，甚至是另换一词。,Volunteering does much good to a volunteer.For example,volunteering offers you chance to develop ability,skill and personal strengths.As part of a volunteer group,you get first,hand exposure to use and learn communication and teamwork dynamics.,_,_ of,volunteering,Offer you chance to develop ability,skill and personal strengths.,Make you use and learn communication and teamwork dynamics,判定归纳概括词的方法,Example 2,Advantages,(,Benefits,),3.,根据文中信息词判定概括词,根据,how,判断用,ways,tips,methods,，,solutions,etc.,；,根据,why,because,result in,lead to,be caused by,等判断用,reasons,causes,；,根据,in short,all in all,判断用,summary,；,根据,refer to,be,be called,判断用,definition,；,根据,therefore,thus,so,as a result,判断用,result,conclusion,；,根据,find,discover,判断用,findings,。,判定归纳概括词的方法,1转换词性,需要,填写,的,词不能照抄,。,即能从文中找到信息句，,并,转换原词的词性,后再填入,空,格,。,例如,：,动词转换为名词，,名词转换为动词或形容词，,名词或形容词转换为动词等,。,判定转换词的方法,Example,Vitamin B-twelve is needed so folic(叶酸)acid can do its work.Together,they help produce red blood cells.Without them,a person suffers from anemia(贫血).Vitamin B-twelve is found naturally in foods such as eggs,meat,fish and milk products,.,Vitamin C is necessary for strong bones and teeth,and for healthy blood vessels(.管)It also helps wounds heal quickly.The body stores very little vitamin C.So we must get it every day in foods such as citrus(柑橘类的)fruits,tomatoes and uncooked cabbage.,判定转换词的方法,Vitamin B-12,Helping get red blood,cells 77_,_,78_,_,_ foods like eggs,meat,fish and milk products,anemia,Vitamin C,A 79_ for strong,bones and teeth and healthy blood vessels,Citrus fruits,tomatoes and uncooked vegetables,Not,mentioned,produce,d,natura,l,necess,ity,判定转换词的方法,2名词所有格“s”,和,of所有格,及其他表达式之间的转换,1).,Their fathers word is the law.,They have to listen to their _,_,_.,father,2)The opinions of most scientists are quite different from those of the parents.,M,ost,_ opinions,are quite different from those of the parents.,scientists,3.,将定语从句改为非谓语动词形式作后置定语,判定转换词的方法,1.,The reporter is both the primary and the secondary source.But the photographer who works with him/her is still a pramary source.,The reporter is both the primary and the secondary source.But the photographer,_,with him/her is still a pramary source.,working,2.69%of the people who are involved in the survey are strongly in favor of the holiday proposal.,69%of the people,_,in the survey are strongly in favor of the holiday proposal.,involved,Visit your doctor at regular times to find about the progress of your allergies instead of having strict diets every day.,判定转换词的方法,4,.,修饰名词的形容词与修饰动词的副词之间的转换,See doctors,_ to,find about the progress of your allergies instead of having diets,_-,every day.,regular,ly,strict,ly,5.,句子成分的转换,判定转换词的方法,分析句子成分，注意句子成分改变，相应的词性发生改变。,1).You are requested to be present at the club meeting on Friday.,Your _ is requested at the club meeting on Friday.,presence,2).,The suggestion is that you should keep all these rules in mind.,_,all these rules in mind is suggest,ed.,keeping,6.,句子结构,的转换,判定转换词的方法,1）Without a sound body,one cannot achieve anything。,Nothing can be achieved _one doesnt have a sound boody.,if,分析句子结构，注意简单句，并列句和复合句之间的转换，确定正确的关联词。,2),There are signs telling you not to smoke,but people ignore them.,_there are signs telling you not to smoke,people ignore them.,Although,判定同义词，反义词的方法,1.,It is often cheaper to buy goods through the Internet.,The goods on the Internet are not so_.,expensive,掌握常用同义词和,反,义词，必备的构词法知识和习惯搭配,，还有注意加否定词的反义转换。,2.,This phenomenon has led to a big problem which couldnt be solved in a short period.,This phenomenon,has _,in,a big problem which couldnt be solved in a short period.,resulted,3.,It is impossible for you to finish the task without the teachers guidance.,There is no _ that,you,can,finish the task without the teachers guidance.,possibility,1.He finally managed to find an apartment near his office.,判定释义词的方法,从文中找到信息句,结合表中空格前后的表达方式，用一个恰当的词解释原文信息句中的词，词组或句子。,He finally,_,in,find,ing,an apartment near his office,.,succeeded,2,.The changes have something to do with events that took place over ten years ago.,The changes,_,to events that took place over ten years ago.,relate,3.Tell us what you are called,where you live and what you do.,State your _,_._,name,address,occupation,Practice,Key to passage 1,71.,considered,（转换词）,72.,easy,（反义词）,73.,safe,（原文词）,74.,Reduce,（释义词）,75.,fewer,（原文词）,76.,between,（原文词）,77.,lots/plenty,（原文词）,78.,condition,（释义词）,79.,Exercise,（释义词）,80.,leads/contributes,（释义词）,Practice,表原因：,reason(for),cause(of)；,表目的：,purpose,aim,goal；,表种类：,kind,type,category；,表方式、方法：,means,way,method，solution,approach；,表建议：,advice,suggestion,recommendation,tip；,表态度、观点：,attitude,idea,opinion；,表用途、功能：,use,usage,function；,表意义，重要性，价值：,significance,importance;value,常见的归纳概括词,表成败：,success，failure,表变化,：,趋势：,change,trend,tendency,表增减：,rise,increase,decrease;,表内容、项目：,content,item；,表描述：,description,appearance,look,shape,color,size,length,width,distance,height,depth,；,常见的归纳概括词,表定义：,definition；,表主题：,topic,theme,subject；,表特点，特征：,feature,characteristic,character(性格)；,表来源，历史：,history,source,origin；,表影响，结果：,effect,influence,result,consequence；,表措施，行动：,measure,action,activity,behavior；,表益处，不利：,benefit,advantage,disadvantage,；,表步骤：,step,procedure,process；,常见的归纳概括词,表便利或不便：,convenience；,inconvenience,表缺点：,shortcoming，drawback,表概括，总结：,summary,conclusion；,表评论、评价：,comment,remark,assessment；,表问题：,problem,question,issue；,表要求、需求：,demand,need,requirement；,表介绍，信息：,introduction，information；,常见的归纳概括词,表地位,阶层,：,status,，class (political,economic,social),表职位，状况，条件：,position，situation,condition,表家庭，婚姻：,family，marriage；,表教育，背景：,education，background,表经历，经验：,experience,常见的归纳概括词,表职业：,work,job,occupation,profession；,表成就，贡献：,achievement，contribution,表关系：,relation,relationship；,表情绪 感觉：,feeling,emotion,motivation(动机)；,常见的归纳概括词,表人口：,population；,表天气，气候：,weather,climate；,表方位：,location,position；,表资源：,resource；,表经济，产业,农业：,economy，industry，agriculture；,表科技：,science，technology,常见的归纳概括词,表质量，数量：,quality,quantity,amount,number；,表异、同：,difference,similarity;,表设备：,equipment(不可数),facility(可数)；,表,现象，,迹象,，症状：,phenomenon，,sign,symptom,；,表预防：,prevention；,表程度：,degree；,常见的归纳概括词,