高考冲刺词汇复习.doc

高考冲刺词汇复习
实用的动宾短语
A. make 与take 类
1. make a decision / discovery / choice 2. make a difference对……有影响
3. make (a) fire 生火 4. make a joke at /about …开……玩笑
5. make /give / deliver a speech 发表演讲 6. make tea/ coffee 沏茶/ 煮咖啡
7. make the bed 铺床 8. make / build a fire 生火
9. make fun of 10. make friends with 与……交朋友
11. make/ take go on a trip / journey（to）到…..旅行
12. make a study of 研究 13. make room for 给……腾出空间
14. make a mistake about 就…..弄错 15. make a dive for 冲去拿….；朝……俯冲
16. make a face/ make faces 做鬼脸 17. make preparations (for) 为……做准备
18. make it 及时赶到；成功；办成 19.make/ take notes of 做笔记
20. make (great / rapid 快速的) progress（in …）在…取得进步
make up one’s mind to do sth. 决心做某事
21. make (a) noise (a用于某响声清晰可辨时) 弄出声音22. make a promise 许诺
(联想：keep one’s promise carry out a promise,/ break a promise)
23. make a contribution (to…)为…..做贡献 24. make（both) ends meet 量入为出;收支相抵
25. make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事 26. make great efforts to do sth. 努力做某事
27. make contributions to（doing）sth为….作贡献 every effort
28. make use of=take advantage of 利用; make( good /full) use of (好好/充分)利用; make the best of 尽量利用; make the most of 充分利用
29. make / earn some money 赚钱 30. make an excuse 找借口
31. make a change 改变 32. make (good) sense 讲得通， 有意义
33. make sense of= understand 34. make up one’s mind to do sth. 决心做某事
35. make trouble 滋事生非 36. make a list of 列清单
37. make a good impression 留下好印象 38. make one’s way 一路前进
39. take a step 迈步 40. take steps/ measures/ action 采取措施
41. take sb. / sth. seriously 42. take your time 慢慢来
43. take medicine 吃药 44. take a holiday job 假期打零工
45. take a bus/ train 46. take one’s chance 冒险；碰运气
47. take a chance冒险；碰运气 48. take a chance/risk 冒险
（联想：try one’s fortune/ luck碰运气） 49. take a doctor’s degree 获博士学位
50. take one’s order （侍者给客人）点菜 51. take/ attend a course/ class 参加课程的学习/上课
52. take one’s advice 接受某人的意见；follow one’s advice听从某人的意见；seek one’s advice = ask sb. for advice征求某人的意见 53. take leave 告辞；离开
54. take sb/ sth. as a example/ take sb./ sth. for example 以……为例
55. take / show/ feel (an) interest in 对……感兴趣
B. make/ take 类
1. make / take a holiday 2. make / take a note of
C. take /have类t
ake a seat / walk / rest/ break / rest/ picnic/ bath
have
D. do 类
1. do sb a favour = do a favour to sb. 2. do sb/ sth harm = do harm to sb/ sth
3. do a good deed 4. do some (a lot of) walking/ shopping
E. go 类
1. go for a walk/ ride/ swim/ 2. go shopping/ climbing/ swimming/ sight-seeing
3. go boating/hiking
F. 其他类
1. mind/watch your step 走路小心 2. leave a message 留下口信
3. take a message 稍口信 4. get the message 明白对方的意思
5. attend school / a meeting 上学、开会 6. tell a joke 讲笑话
7. have a class 上课 8. give a class 授课
9. answer the door / bell / phone 开门/接电话 10. answer the letter= reply to the letter 回信
11. break the law 违法 12. break a record 破记录
13. set a record 创记录 14. hold a record 保持记录
15. break one’s promise 违背诺言; make a promise许下诺言; keep one’s promise =keep one’s word信守诺言）; carry out one’s promise 实践诺言
16. achieve success/ one’s goal/ one’s purpose取得成功/ 达到目标
17. wear long hair /moustache / a flower留长发/留胡须/戴花
18. wear a big smile挂着灿烂的微笑 19. lose one’s way 迷路
20. do one’s lessons /homework 做功课/作业 21. do/ try one’s best 尽最大努力
22. feel one’s way 摸索着前进 23. shake one’s head 摇头
24. earn one’s living=earn one’s bread =make one’s living make/earn/ get/ gain a living 谋生
25. hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸 26. save one’s life 救命
27. take one’s time慢慢来 28. follow one’s example 效仿某人
29. follow one’s dream 追随梦想 30. lose one’s head 冲动；失去理智
31. lose one’s way 迷路 32. struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
33. use one’s brains 动脑筋 34. lose one’s heart (to sb.)=fall in love with sb.
35. lose heart/ courage失去信心 36. dress oneself 自己穿衣
37. come to oneself 恢复知觉 38. devote oneself to 致力于
39. enjoy oneself 过得快乐 =have a good time 40. excuse oneself 为自己辩解
41. explain oneself 说明自己的意图 41. feel oneself 觉得正常
42. help oneself to 随便吃，随便用 43. make oneself at home 别客气
44. find oneself in/ at发觉自己来到….. 45. say to oneself 心里想= think to oneself
46. talk/ speak to oneself 自言自语 47. seat oneself 坐下
48. teach oneself自学 49. come to a stop 停下来
50. come to an end 结束 51.bring … to an end= put an end to…结束…
52. come to / arrive at/ reach/ draw a conclusion 得出结论
53. come to / arrive at/ reach an agreement 达成一致意见
54. burst into tears / cheers/ song / laughter 突然大哭/欢呼/ 唱起歌来/ 大笑
55. burst into the house 快速进到屋子里来 56. expect sb等待某人到来
57. expect a letter 等信/ 期盼来信 58. set up a school 创办学校 = start a school
59. found a school 出资办学 60. carry on a conversation 进行会话
61. meet challenge 迎接挑战 62. meet / satisfy the need 满足需要
63. carry on the business 做生意
64. carry out an experiment= conduct/perform/ do an experiment 做实验
65. explain oneself 说明某种行为的理由 66. express oneself 表达自己的意思
67.teach sb. a lesson给某人以教训 68. fix one’s eyes on… 专注地看……
69. pay attention to =take notice of… 注意… 70. fix one’s attention on 集中注意力于……
71. attract / catch / draw one’s attention = catch one’s eye 引起某人的注意
72. play/ act the role /the part of 扮演……角色
73. play an important part / role in 在….. 中扮演重要角色/ 起重要作用
74. contain /hold 5 litres of water 容纳5升的水75. hold/ seat 100 people 容纳100人
76. set/lay the table 摆桌子 77. collect / gather flowers 采花
78. collect / raise money 筹钱 79. collect one’s senses 集中注意力
80. collect one’s thoughts and ideas 集中思想和意念 81 . enjoy success 获得成功
82. pay sb a visit/ pay a visit to sb/ some place. = visit sb/ some place 拜访某人、 参观某地
83. set sb. an example = set an example to sb. 为某人树立榜样
附注几个值得注意的表达
84. I can read your mind 我知道你想什么
85. My heart sank. 我的心往下沉。
86. He is a heavy smoker. 他抽烟多。
87. The traffic is very heavy. 路上很堵
常用的一词多义
A类--- 14个多含义的常见动词（work,share也兼作名词）
1. develop
Develop a new model研发新模型；develop a good habit培养好习惯；develop/exploit the natural resources开发天然资源; develop a cough咳嗽起来
develop a film 冲胶卷
2.recover
recover what was lost 找回丢失的东西; recover one’s sight/ hearing恢复失视力/听力
recover one’s strength 恢复元气; recover from one’s illness病后复原; recover from one’s astonishment 惊魂已定
3. settle
settle the argument 结束争论; settle the disagreement 解决分歧; settle / solve the problem 解决问题; settle the matter解决事情; settle down (使) 镇静；（使）平静; （做vi 时= calm down）
settle on the branch 停于树枝上; settle in 迁入新居；从事新的工作; settle oneself in an armchair在扶手椅上休息
4. cover
cover an area of 占地面积…...; cover the loss 弥补损失; cover the event/ conference 报道事件/ 大会; cover our expenses 够开支; cover the young man from the man’s blows 用身体护住年轻人不致被那人殴打; cover 10 miles 走了1;英里; cover a wide field 涵盖很广的领域
5. strike:
n. 罢工,打击,殴打 v. 打,罢工,(灾难等)袭击/降临；袭击；划燃；突然想起
1) The car ran out of control and struck / hit a tree. 汽车失去控制，撞在树上。
2) The union struck for better work conditions. 工会为争取更好的工作条件而罢工。
3) It was not long before tragedy struck again. 没多久，灾难又再次降临。
4) Enemy troops struck just before dawn. 敌军在拂晓前发起了进攻。
5) The little girl struck a match and tried to keep herself warm. 小女孩划了根火柴想让自己暖和些。
6)The clock struck 12’ 0clock 钟敲12 点了。
7)I've struck on a plan for solving the problem. = A plan for solving the problem struck me.
我突然想起一个解决这个问题的办法。
6. bear
bear a heavy load 负重担; bear wounds 有创伤; can't bear忍受不了
can't bear的用法：can't bear sb. / sth. can't bear to do sth., can't bear sb. doing sth.）。例如：
1) Oh, I can't bear that man---he really irritates me! 我无法忍受那个人—他真的很让我生气。
2) Please don't leave me all alone, I couldn't bear it. 不要拉下我一人，我受不了。
3) He can't bear people smoking while he's eating. 他受不了吃饭的时候别人抽烟。
4) Alison couldn't bear to leave and cried all the way to the airport. 就要离开了，Alison很难过，一直哭到机场。
联想： can't stand，常用于can't stand sth./can't stand doing/can't stand to do/can't stand sb. doing sth.通常用于口语： 不能忍受（某人、某物、做某事）：
7. treat n. 宴飨,款待 v. 视为,对待,处理,探讨,治疗。例如：
1) This meal is my treat, so put your money away. 这顿饭我请客，你把钱收起来吧。
2) Smoked salmon, what a treat! 吃熏大马哈鱼－－那可太棒了！
3) This boy is being treated for a heart condition. 这个男孩正在接受心脏病治疗。
4) My mother always treats us like children. 我妈妈总把我们当孩子看待。
5) This delicate glass must be treated with care. 这精巧的玻璃杯处理时要小心。
6) The documentary treated the question in some detail. 这部记录片探讨这个问题有些深度。
7) We were treated to the unusual sight of the Prime Minister singing on TV.
我们有幸目睹首相上电视一展歌喉的难得场面.
8. beat vt. & vi. 打赢 (其宾语是“对手”= defeat )；敲打；（心脏等）跳动。例如：
1) We beat them by a score of 2 to 1. 我们以2比1打赢了他们。
2) You can’t beat us at the game. 你们不可能打败我们的。
3) His heart is still beating. 他的心脏还在跳。
4）Who is beating the drum? 谁在击鼓?
比较：win “获胜”， 其宾语是“比赛”、“竞赛”或“奖品”等。例如：
We have won the match. 我们胜了这场比赛。
Li Ming won the first place. 李明得了第一名。
9．reach
vt.
1) 伸展，伸出：（将身体的一部分）伸展开或拉开；延伸：
He reached out an arm. 伸出一只手臂
The property reaches the shore. 地产一直延伸到岸边
2) 伸出，够到，触及：伸出或展开…来触摸或抓住： I couldn't reach the shelf. 没法够着书架
3) 达到，得到： reach a conclusion得出一个结论；reach their destination.到达他们的目的地
4) 取得联系，沟通： They reached us by telephone. 他们通过电话找到了我们。
5) 影响，左右; 成功地对…产生影响: No one seems able to reach her anymore. 看起来没有人能够再对她产生任何影响
6) 传达：最大限度地发射出去： A distant cry reached our ears. 我们听到从远处传来一阵哭声
7) 合计，累计：总计为或总数为…： Sales reached the thousands. 商品卖出了数千件
8) 传递【非正式用语】：抓住然后传递给另一个人： Reach me the sugar. 把糖递给我
vi
1) 伸出：伸出或延展某物，伸手碰到，伸手去抓：尽量抓到或触到某物： reached for a book. 使劲够一本书
2) 延伸：在时间或空间上有延伸度： a coat that reaches to the knee长及膝盖的大衣；; a career that reached over several decades. 一项干了几十年的事业
n.
out of/ beyond one’s reach 某人够不着；within one’s reach 某人够得着
10. make.
1. 做;制造;建造: Mary made a paper boat. 玛丽做了一只纸船。
2. 作出(某种举动) : I didn't make any promise. 我没有作出任何承诺。
3. 使得;使...做..: His jokes made us all laugh. 他的笑话把我们都逗笑了。
4. 到达;赶上: We just made the last bus. 我们正好赶上末班公交车。
5. 获得,挣得;赢得: He makes $1,000 a month. 他每月挣一千元。
6. 认为;估计,推算: I make the distance ten miles. 这段距离我估计是十英里。
7. 总计;等于 One hundred centimeters make one meter. 一百厘米等于一米。
8. 准备;整理;布置: make the bed 铺床
9. 引起;产生: He made her many enemies. 他树敌甚多。
10. 成为,变成;成为...的成员：She will make a good wife. 她会成为一个好妻子。
11. 使成为;使作为：I've made it a rule never to hurry. 我已养成凡事从容不迫的习惯。
12. 使成功：I’m sure I can make it. 我肯定我能做到。
13. 构成;组成 A car is made up of many different parts. 汽车是由许多不同的零件组成的。
vi.
1. 正要做,刚要开始做：George made to go out to play, but his mother stopped him. 乔治刚要出去玩,却被母亲拦住了。
2. 朝某方向走去 The ship made for the sea. 船向大海驶去。
n.
1. 品牌;型;样式[C][U] ：What make is your car? 你的汽车是什么型号?
2. 性格;气质;体格[U][C]
11. work
n.
劳动；操作；作业；功课; 工作；职业; 活计；制作品; 著作，作品(可数)
Work on it had begun before my sister left. 这幢房子是在我姐姐离开前动工的。
It takes a lot of work to build a house. 建一座房子得花许多劳动。
My work is as a doctor. 我当医生。
This mat is my own work. 这个垫子是我亲自做的。
He sells his work in the market. 他在市场上销售他的产品。
Shakespeare's works are widely read 被广泛阅读的莎士比亚著作
v.
1) 工作；劳动；办公: The two typist have already worked away all day. 这两位打字员已经工作一整天了。
2) 计划、机器等）行得通，能运转:
The plan won't work? How so? 这个计划行不通吗?怎么会的?
The machine won't work because of a faulty connection.机器电源线接错了,所以开不动。
Your idea won't work in practice.你的想法在实践中行不通。
The machine is worked by electricity.这机器是电动的。
3) 使（某人）工作；使用 （某人）
They work us too hard.他们要我们死命地干活。
4) 操作；使运转: to work a machine 开一部机器
5) 经过努力才达到: She worked her way to the front. 她好不容易才挤到前面。
12. do
1) 做:: What you doing here? (“What are you doing here?" 将重音放在What，而呈现逐渐下降的语调。为“你在这里做什么？”之意。但若将重音放在do上就会变成“你到底在这里做什么呢？”，含有责备对方的语气)
2) 处理 --- How would you like steak? ---Well-done. ----请问你要几分熟的牛排呢？----我要全熟的。
( rare半熟; medium普通的中等熟)
3) 制作
--- What's up? 你在做什么呢？
--- I'm doing my report on consumer movements. 我正在写消费者运动的报告。
We did a concert/ play . 我们举行一场演唱会/ 我们排了一出戏。
4） 能产生速度
A: What make of car of this? 这部车是什么牌子呢？
B: It's a FLAT. 这是菲亚特汽车。
A: How many miles an hour can a FLAT do? 菲亚特的时速是多少呢？
B: More than 120 miles per hour,I think. 我想每小时大概能跑120多哩
5) do without～ 不用～也可以做 例如：
A: Do you need my advice? 你需要我的忠告吗？
B: No, thank you. I can do without your advice. 不，谢谢。没有你的建议我自己也能做。
We can't do without a car in America. 在美国没有车子，就无法做任何事）。
6) do with～ "根据～而做“。例如：I can do with two meals a day.“我可以一日两餐地过生活
7）will do 行；好；可以
A: I'd like to take you out for dinner. When is it convenient for you? 我想邀请你共进晚餐，不知何时比较适合呢？
B: Any weekend will do. 任何一个假日都可以。
Will it do if I pay you next week?"我下周再付钱给你可以吗？
Five hundred dollars will do. 五百元美金就够用
That won't do. 这样不行
Will these shoes do?为“这双鞋子合适吗？
That will do 这样就好了。
This will do for to day.今天就到此为止。
13. share
　　不知同学们注意到上面句中share happiness and sorrow这个share没有？现在咱们一起"分享"一下share的用法吧。

　　从上面课文句子中我们可以看出，share是及物动词，其后接happiness and sorrow作宾语。再看那两个例题，share也是作及物动词用。那么，share的用法到底怎样呢？当然，share既可以作及物动词也可以作不及物动词，意思为"分享；合用；分配"；除了作动词用外，还可以用作名词，意思为"共享；一份；份额"。下面来看看它的具体用法。
v.
　1 share作及物动词和不及物动词用时：
1) 和某人合用; 与某人共有，share sth. 和share sth. with / between sb.后接表具体事物的名词，也可以是taste, interest, opinion, view, task, experience等名词。
Li Ping and I shared the same room at college. 上大学时，李平和我同住一室。
People often share politicl views with their parents. 人常跟父母的政治观点一致。
2）若要表示"分享; 分担"，其句型用share in sth.，句型中的介词in可以省略，share后面的宾语可以是worry, trouble, hardship, excitement, happiness, cost等名词。例如：
She always shares (in) her mother's troubles. 她总是为她妈妈分忧。
She hopes we will share in her joy. 她希望我们分享她的喜悦。
3）分配；分摊 share sth (out) among/ between sb.
We shared the pizza between the four of us. 我们4人把那份比萨饼分着词。
4）把自己的想法/ 经历/ 感情告诉他人
Men often like to share their problems. 男人往往不喜欢把自己的问题告诉他人。
n.
1) 一份；份额，常可构成a share of... , one's share of... 形式。例如：
　　Tom promised to give me his share. 汤姆答应把他的那一份给我。
　Everyone ought to have his share of food. 每个人都应该有一份食物。
2) 股份，是可数名词，还具有名词作定语的用法。如：
　He bought 500 shares in a shipping company. 他买了某航运公司500股股份。
14. afford
1）常与can, could, be able to 连用，后接sth(to do sth.) / to do sth: 买得起，有时间做，能做
Nonoe of them could afford $50 for a ticket. 他们中没有哪个拿得出50美圆买张票。
We can’t afford to go abroad this summer. 今夏我们没有足够的钱到国外。
2）can’t afford to do sth 还有“承担得起（后果）”的含义
I can’t afford to fail in the exam. 我考试不能不及格。
3）（正式）提供/ 给予 = provide sb. with sth 后接宾语或双宾语
The tree can afford shelther from the sun. 这树可挡挡太阳。
The program can afford young people the chance to gain work experience. 这项计划给年轻人提供了获得工作经验的机会。
15. leave
vt. 离开(某处)[(+for)]； 离开(某人)的身边;遗弃,离弃；辞去(工作等);脱离(组织等)； 遗忘;丢下；听任,使处于某种状态(使役动词) ；留给；死后留下…..； 把...交给;委托[(+with/to); 剩下
Mr. Smith left the room at two o'clock. 史密斯先生两点离开房间。
Her husband has left her. 她的丈夫把她遗弃了。
Mary left school last year and she is working in a shop now. 玛丽去年退了学,现正在一家商店工作。
I left my keys behind. 我忘了带钥匙了。
He left the windows open. 他让窗子开着。
The coat was left hanging behind the door. 衣服挂在门背
(近似于：The coat remained hanging behind the door.)
The work was left undone.工作没做。(近似于：The work remained undone.)
The readers can’t be left unsatisfied. 要让读者满意。
He left me a few books. 他留给我几本书。
You can leave your case with me. 你可以把箱子交给