高三英语005.doc

东北师范大学附属中学网校（版权所有 不得复制）
期数： 0509 YYG2 005
学科：英语 年级：高三 编稿老师：徐 卓
审稿老师：孔 军
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[同步教学信息]
预 习 篇

Unit 2 Crossing Limits

I. Background Information
Zheng He
In the early days of the Ming Dynasty, that is, early in the 15th century, China was, in economic progress, an advanced country in the world. At the orders of the then emperor, Cheng Zu, whose name was Zhu Di, a vast fleet set sail in July, 1405 from Liujia Harbour near Suzhou on a distant voyage. The purpose was to establish relations with foreign countries, to expand trade contacts and to look for treasures to satisfy the desire of the sovereign for luxuries. The man who was given charge of the fleet was Zheng He, a eunuch also known as San Bao.
Zheng He (1371-1435), or Cheng Ho, is arguably China's most famous navigator. Starting from the beginning of the 15th Century, he traveled to the West seven times. For 28 years, he traveled more than 50,000km and visited over 30 countries, including Singapore. After he died, he was buried in the southern outskirts of Nanjing.
Columbus sailed to America in 1492. Zheng He sailed from China to many places throughout South Pacific, Indian Ocean, Taiwan, Persian Gulf and distant Africa in seven voyages from 1405 to 1433 ,some 80 years before Columbus's voyages.
Christopher Columbus
Christopher Columbus was born in Genoa (热那亚), Italy, in 1451. He worked as a seaman and then a sailing entrepreneur. Educated Europeans of Columbus' day believed that the world was round. However, Columbus, and most others, underestimated the world's size. They calculated that East Asia must lie closely where North America sits on the earth. They did not yet know that the Pacific Ocean existed.
Christopher Columbus broke with tradition in 1492, sailing west in order to find a shorter route to India and China. On August 3, 1492, Columbus left from Spain, on the first of several voyages to what he later called the "New World."
Columbus was the first European to explore the Americas since the Vikings set up colonies in Greenland and Newfoundland in the 10th century. He explored the West Indies, South America, and Central America. On May 20, 1506, the great Italian explorer Christopher Columbus died in Spain.

James Cook
James Cook, 1728–79, English explorer and navigator. The son of a Yorkshire agricultural labourer, he had little formal education. After an apprenticeship to a firm of ship owners at Whitby, he joined (1755) the royal navy and surveyed the St Lawrence Channel (1760) and the coasts of Newfoundland and Labrador (1763–67). Cook was then given command of the Endeavour and sailed (1768) on an expedition to chart the transit of Venus; he returned to England in 1771, having also circumnavigated the globe and explored the coasts of New Zealand, which he accurately charted for the first time, and East Australia.
Cook next commanded (1772–75) an expedition to the South Pacific of two ships, the Resolution and the Adventure. On this voyage he disproved the rumour of a great southern continent, explored the Antarctic Ocean and the New Hebrides, visited New Caledonia, and by the observance of strict diet and hygiene prevented scurvy. Cook sailed again in 1776; in 1778 he visited and named the Sandwich Islands (Hawaii). On the return voyage he was killed by natives on the island of Hawaii. During the course of his journeys Cook visited about ten major Pacific island groups and more than 40 individual islands, also making first European contact with a wide variety of indigenous peoples.

Abel Tasman
Abel Tasman, 1603?–1659, Dutch navigator. In the service of the Dutch East India Company from c.1632 to 1653, he made several trading and exploring voyages in the Pacific and Indian oceans. On a voyage (1639–42) in the Pacific he visited the Philippines and Taiwan, followed the coast of Japan, and discovered several small islands. In 1642 he sailed from Batavia. On that voyage he visited Tasmania (which he named Van Diemen's Land) and New Zealand, touched the Tonga islands, and returned (1643) to Batavia, having circumnavigated Australia and thus demonstrated that no connection exists between it and a polar continent. In 1644 he was dispatched to discover the relationship between New Guinea, Tasmania, and the known part of Australia; he established the continuity of land from the Gulf of Carpentaria to the northwest coast of Australia at the Tropic of Capricorn.

II. A Brief Introduction to the Unit

类别
课程标准要求掌握的项目
话题
Talking about exploring the world
词汇

evaluate various key origin equip puzzle wealthy Asian African ambassador wander motherland existence accurate navy treasure command royal embassy zebra volunteer radium dam suggest accomplish sickness unable sacred refer aircraft arise evidence chairman praise
in the name of in exchange for set sail in return bring up apart from refer to run out
功能
形势评估和做出决定（Judging situations and making decisions）
..., all nations in the world agreed...
Some would say…
We should, however, realize…
语法
复习谓语动词（Review the Predicate）

● Reaching Out Across the Ocean 介绍了到1433年时中国和非洲、阿拉伯海沿岸国家海路交往的的发展过程。Going High: The Pioneer of the Third Pole 介绍了珠穆朗玛峰及探险家对珠峰的攀登。The Unknown Southernland 介绍了假想中的南方大陆及西方探险家对它的证实的过程。
●学习本单元时，建议注意体会作者按照时间顺序叙事的方法，把握作者的写作思路，理解文章内容。同时在自己写作时，也可借鉴这种方法。

III. Language Points from the Warming-up, Listening and Speaking Sections

1. evaluate vt. assess 对...估价, 对...作评价
e.g. The research project has only been under way for three months, so it's too early to evaluate its success.

2. various adj. different 不同的
e.g. There are various plants in the botanical garden.
varied adj. 富有变化的
variety n. 丰富性

3. possession
a. n. owning…有；拥有；所有
b. personal belongs especially those very valuable possessions （私人）财产
How did you get possession of it?
He had few possessions.
take possession of 占有；占据
Don’t take possession of the wallet, though you picked it up in the street.

4. in the name of 以……名义；代表
He attended the party in the name of his father.
The police arrested him in the name of the law.

5. key adj. important; vital 关键的；意义重大的
One of the responsibilities of the board is to make key decisions.

6. risk one’s lives 冒生命危险

7. equip vt. supply sth 装备
The seamen equipped a ship for a voyage.
The soldiers were equipped with the latest weapons.
equipment un. 设备,配置
The factory has brought in some modern equipment.

Exercises:
Fill in the blank with the proper form of the given word.
1. ________ this question, he looked through all the relative books in the library. (answer)
2. She called on one of his best friends, ________ to borrow some money from him. (hope)
3. When I got there, I found all the students in my class ________ watch the exciting game. (watch)
4. Bell is considered ________ the first computer. (invent)
5. In the ________ years he went to Paris. He worked as a clerk there and became a
reporter. (follow)
6. He suggested me ________ more attention to my studies. (pay)
7. The Smith ________ out of petrol before they got to their destination. (run)
8. After they heard the ________ story, their heart came into their mouth. (amaze)

Keys:
1. To answer 2. hoping 3. watching 4. to have invented 5. following 6. paying
7. had run/ran 8. amazing

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