考研英语作文专用词汇.doc

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教育类 词汇
文凭 diplomas and certificates
考研热 the craze for graduate school study
应试教育 the examination-oriented education
义务教育 compulsory education
复合型人才 interdisciplinary talents
文化底蕴 the rich cultural deposits
大学生创业 the university students’ innovative undertakings
扩招 expand enrollment
被授予学位 be granted a an official certificate from
高分低能 good scores but low qualities
片面追求升学率 place undue emphasis on the proportion of students entering schools of a higher level
退学 drop out of the school
形成淘汰制度 frame an elimination system
教书育人 impart knowledge and educate people
因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude
德才兼备 possess political integrity and professional ability
品学兼优 be a students of fine qualities and fine scholar
提高学生身心素质 improve the health and psychological quality
适应社会的改变 adjust to the social changes quickly
满足社会的急需 meet the urgent need of the society
保护知识产权 protect the intellectual property
才疏学浅 be wanting in ability and shallow in knowledge
努力获得精神文明 make efforts to seek cultural and ideological progress
减轻负担 reduce the heavy burdens
更加有意义和丰富的生活 a more vigorous, colorful and dynamic life

工作类 词汇
崇高职业 noble career
白领工作 white-collar workers
跳槽 job-hopping
试用期 probationary period
人才流动和双向选择 talent flow and a dual-way selection
自由职业 freelance work
拜金主义 money worship
获得名利 achieve fame and wealth
充分发挥个人的潜力 develop fully one’s potential and creativity
实干精神 steadfast and earnest in one’s work
工作出色 excel in one’s work
无忧无虑 be care-free
社会和个人的尊重 social and personal esteem
生计问题 a bread and butter issue
生活补助 living subsidies
人才交流 talents exchange
培养人才 cultivate talents
推荐人才 recommend the virtuous and able
人才外流 brain drain
优化产业结构 optimize the structure
精简人员 cut off the overstaffed offices
提高综合素质 improve the comprehensive quality
解决劳动就业问题tackle the problem of labor force utilization
砸掉大锅饭 shatter the convention of iron bowl
坚持改革 be persistent in the reform progress
造成失业问题 bring about the unemployment problem
下岗人员 the laid-off workers
自谋生路 be self-employed
给出优惠政策 give preferential treatment
享受失业救济金 enjoy unemployment pension
需要 安全 感和生活保障 need a sense of security and guarantee of life
劳动力短缺 shortage of manpower
提高文化，智慧，品质修养 enhance their cultural and moral quality

商业类 词汇
服务行业 service trade
家用电器 household electrical appliances
物美价廉 with low price and high quality
售后服务 after-sale service
旺季 during peak selling seasons
销售渠道 distribution channel
商标冒用 trade-mark infringement
稳定物价 stabilize the commodity prices
加强品牌效应 strengthen the brand effect
提高购买力 raise the purchasing power
保持市场的良好的秩序 keep to market in good order
适销对路 be good for sale
脱销 out of stock
刺激购买欲 stimulate the desire to buy
促销 promote sales
超前消费 premature consumption
有效期 term of validity
零售价 retail price
批发价 whole price
紧俏 商品 commodities in short supply
假冒伪劣 forged and fake commodities

工业类 词汇
产业结构升级 upgrade the structure of industry
外向型经济：export-oriented economy
企业 凝聚力 the cohesive force in enterprise
亏损 企业 enterprise in the red
创收 generate profits
精简开支 cut down the outlay
扭转局面 reverse the tide
有外需 have a potential in overseas market

医药健康 词汇
杀虫剂 pesticide
卫生环境 sanitary environment
营养不良 malnourished
传染病 infectious disease
呼吸疾病 respiratory disease
建设 卫生城市 hygienic city

政治经济 词汇
立法会议 legislative sessions
行政处罚 administrative penalty
司法 部门 enforcement apartment
侵犯个人隐私 invasion of privacy
修改宪法 revise the constitution
假账 deceptive accounting
漏税 tax evasion
刑事诉讼 criminal proceeding
行贿和受贿 take and offer bribes
要求索赔 claim compensation
目无法规 defy the law and social disciplines
法律监督 function as a legal supervisor
扰乱治安 disturb the social order
建立奖励和制约机制 establish a incentive and disincentive system
物质和精神文明建设 material and ideological progress
精简机构 streamline government organs
集思广益 pool ones wisdom
扩大内需 expand the domestic demand

环境保护类单词
沙尘暴 Sand/dust storms
生态失衡 Disruption of ecological balance
温室效应 Greenhouse effect
全球变暖 Global warming
淡水资源短缺 Shortage of fresh water
环境意识 Environmental awareness
生态系统 Ecosystem
市场类单词
国有企业 state-owned enterprise
私人企业 private enterprise
市场 monopolize the market
偷税漏税 tax evasion
跨国集团 multinational corporation
贸易制裁 trade sanction
贸易壁垒 trade barriers
全球经济一体化 integration with the global economy
西部大开发 Go-West Campaign
中国加入WTO China’s entry into WTO
乱摊派乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge
考研英语作文经常遇到的中国特色词汇

中华民族的喜庆节日（Chinese Festival）

国庆节 National Day

中秋节 Mia-Autumn Festival

春节 Spring Festival

元宵节 Lantern Festival

台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory. 西部大开发 Development of the West Regions

持续性发展 sustainable development

风险投资risk investment

通货紧缩 deflation

扩大内需 to expand domestic demand

儿童节 Children's Day

妇女节 Women's Day

泼水节 Water-Splashing Day

教师节 Teachers' Day

五四青年节 Youth Day

中国独特的传统饮食（Unique Traditional Chinese Foods）

馄饨 wonton

锅贴 gouty （fried jazzy）

花卷 steamed twisted rolls

套餐 set meal

盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away

豆腐 rice tofu

魔芋豆腐 kanji tofu

米粉 rice noodles

冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws （or apples，etc.）

火锅 chafing dish

八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding

粉丝 glass noodles

豆腐脑 jellied bean curd

中国新兴事物（Newly Sprouted Things）

中国电信 China Telecom

中国移动 China Mobile

十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan

中国电脑联网 China net

三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project

希望工程 Project Hope

京九铁路 Beijing–Colon Railway

扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project

菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project

温饱工程 Decent-Life Project

安居工程 Economy Housing Project

扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign

西部大开发 Go-West Campaign

具有文化特色的现代表述

大陆中国 Mainland China

红宝书 little red book

红色中国 socialist China

四化 Four Modernizations

终生职业 job-for-life

铁饭碗 iron rice bow大锅饭 communal pot

关系户 closely-related units

外出打工人员 migrant workers

关系网 personal nets，closely-knitted guild

五讲（讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德）：the Five Merits focus on decorum，manners，hygiene，disciplines and morals

四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美）： the Four Virtues are golden heart，refined language，civilized behavior，and green environment

基层监督 grass-roots supervision

基础税率 base tariff level

婚介所 matrimonial agency

婚外恋 extramarital love

婚纱摄影 bride photo

黑心棉 shoddy cotton

机器阅卷 machine scoring

即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery

集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development

价格听证会 public price hearings

甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team

家政服务 household management service

加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion

假帐 accounting fraud

叫板 challenge; Pick a quarrel

矫情 use lame arguments

渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence

借调 temporarily transfer

扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group

扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption

安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents

外资企业 overseas-funded enterprises

下岗职工 laid-off workers

分流 reposition of redundant personnel

三角债 chain debts

素质教育 education for all-round development

豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects

社会治安情况 law-and-order situation

民族国家 nation state

“台独” "independence of Taiwan"

台湾政权
Taiwan authorities

台湾同胞 Taiwan compatriots

计算机辅助教学 computer-assisted instruction （ CAI ）

网络空间 cyberspace

虚拟现实 virtual reality

电脑犯罪 computer crime

电子商务 the e-business

网上购物 shopping online

应试教育 exam-oriented education

学生减负 to reduce study load

总裁助理　assistant　president

　　综合治理　comprehensive　treatment

　　安居工程　housing　project　for　low-income　urban　residents

　　信息化　information-based;　Informationization

　　智力密集型　concentration　of　brain　power;　Knowledge-intensive

　　外资企业　overseas-funded　enterprises

　　下岗职工　laid-off　workers

　　分流　reposition　of　redundant　personnel

　　三角债　chain　debts

　　素质教育　education　for　all-round　development

　　豆腐渣工程　jerry-built　projects

　　社会治安情况　law-and-order　situation

　　西部大开发　Development　of　the　West　Regions

　　可持续性发展　sustainable　development

　　风险投资　risk　investment

　　通货紧缩　deflation

　　下岗　laid-off　workers

　　下海　plunge　into　the　commercial　sea

　　下网　off　line

　　小康之家　well-off　family;　comfortably-off　family

　　新秀　up-and-coming　star，rising　star

　　新新人类　New　Human　Being　；　X　Generation

　　信息港　info　port

　　形象小姐　/　先生　image　representative　of　a　product　or　a　brand

　　虚拟网　virtual　net

　　学生处　students' affairs　division

　　研究生毕业证　/　学位证　graduate　diploma/graduate　degree’s diploma

　　摇钱树　cash　cow

　　以人为本　people　oriented;　people　foremost

　　义务教育　compulsory　education

　　易拉罐　pop　can

　　应试教育　examination-oriented　education　system

　　舆论导向　direction　of　public　opinion

　　运球　dribble

　　在职博士生　on-job　doctorate

　　早恋　puppy　love

　　招生就业指导办公室　enrolment　and　vocation　guidance　office

　　证券营业部　stock　exchange;　security　exchange

　　知识产权　intellectual　property　rights

　　中专生　secondary　specialized　or　technical　school　student

　　中流砥柱　mainstay，chief　corner　stone

　　专卖店　exclusive　agency;　franchised　store

　　自我保护意识　self-protection　awareness

　　综合国力　comprehensive　national　strength

　　综合业务数字网　integrated　service　digital　network　（ISDN）

　　公正、公平、公开　just，fair　and　open

　　好莱坞大片　Hollywood　blockbuster

　　黄金时段　prime　time

　　假唱　lip-synch

　　劲射　power　shot

　　拉拉队　cheering　squad

　　来电显示电话机　caller　ID　telephone

　　论文答辩　（thesis）　oral　defense

　　泡沫经济　bubble　economy

　　票贩子　scalper，ticket　tout

　　拳头产品　competitive　products;　knock-out　products;　Blockbuster

　　三角恋爱　love　triangle

　　三维动画片　three-dimensional　animation

　　“扫黄”、“打非”　eliminate　pornography　and　illegal publications

　　申办奥运会　bid　for　the　Olympic　Games

　　实现中华民族伟大复兴　bring　about　a　great　rejuvenation　of　the　Chinese nation

　　市场疲软　sluggish　market

　　素质教育　education　for　all-around　development

　　筒子楼：　tube-shaped　apartment

　　脱贫致富　cast　（shake，throw）　off　poverty　and　set　out　on　a　road　to prosperity

　　网吧　Internet　bar

　　网恋　online　love　affair

　　网上冲浪　surf　the　Internet

　　网上交易平台　online　trading　platform

　　网友　net　friend

　　无人售票　self-service　ticketing

　　无绳来电显示电话　cordless　telephone　with　caller　ID

　　无线应用协议　WAP　（wireless　application　protocol）

　　The classification for the commodities:

　　1.frozen food 速冻食品

　　2.dairy products 牛产品

　　3.packaged foods 包装食品

　　4.cleaning supplies 清洁用品

　　5.personal-care supplies 个人护理用品

　　6.toys 玩具

　　7.car-care products 汽车护理用品

　　8.yard-care products 庭院护理用品

　　Different stores

　　1.Convienience store便利店

　　2.Grocery store小卖部

　　3.Supermarket超市

　　4.Drug store药店

　　5.Department store商场

　　6.Discount store打折店

　　7.Factory outlets厂家直销点

　　8.Specialty shop专卖店

　　9.Shopping mall/shopping center购物中心

　　Houshold department:

　　dish 碟子

　　silverware 银器

　　cooking utensils 厨具

　　pots 壶

　　pans 锅

　 Hardware department:

　　tool 工具

　　paint 涂料

　　light-fixture 灯饰

　　Plumbing supplies

　　home improvement products 家庭装修用品

　Appliance department:

　　sewing machine 缝纫机

　　washer 洗碗机

　　dryer 烘干机

　　refrigerator 冰箱

　　vacuum sweeper 吸尘器

　　water heater 热水器

　　washing machine 洗衣机

　　air conditioner 空调

　　electric cooker 电炉

　　microwave oven 微波炉

　　pressure cooker 高压锅

　　kettle 水壶

　　chopping board 切菜板

　　turner 锅铲

　　cleaver 切肉刀

　　Office supplies

　　executive desk 办公桌

　　photocopier 复印机

　　laser printer 激光打印机

　　floppy disk 软盘

　　fax machine 传真机

　　appointment book 记事簿

　　stapler 订书机

　　filing box 档案分类箱

　　clip 纸夹

　　stationery cabinet 文具柜

Electronics and entertainment department:

　　television 电视

　　radio 广播

　　stereos/High-If 高保真音响

　　recorder 录音机

　　computer 电脑

　 others　

积压产品 overstocked commodities （inventories）

基因工程 genetic engineering

基因突变 genetic mutation

基因图谱 genome; Gene chip （DNA micro array）

绩优股 blue chip

集约经营 intensive operation

记账式国债 book-entry T-bonds

记帐式国库券 inscribed treasury bond

记者席 press box

记者招待会 press conference

家政服务 household management service

集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development

　　集资房 houses built on the funds collected by the buyers

　　甲A足球队 Division A soccer team

　　加班 work extra shifts

　　嘉宾 distinguished guest，honored guest

　　假唱 lip-synch

假动作 "deception，feint"
价格浮动范围 price-float range

　　价格听证会 public price hearings

　　加工贸易 trade involving the processing of supplied raw materials

　　甲骨文 oracle bone inscriptions

加快市场步伐 accelerate the mercerization; Quicken the pace of mercerization

　　假冒伪劣产品 counterfeit and shoddy products
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