英语四六级作文常用经典句型.doc

英语四六级作文常用经典句型

英语是一门语言，而语言的学习与模仿之间是如影相随。众多研究者都提出了模仿在写作中的重要性。因此，在平时的学习中，我们要多观察、记忆并模仿一些精美的句子、段落、篇章来熟知一些词汇搭配、句型结构、语法结构、习惯用法、句子衔接手段以及段落的发展方法等，并将之用于我们的写作中。笔者就英语六级作文常用的句型做如下总结：
1. 文章开头的句型：
好的开始是成功的一半。文章的开头是你留给阅卷老师的第一印象，所以这第一炮一定要打响才行，也就是说既清楚明白又引人注目。开头是总领全文的，有一定的统摄性，因此一定要言简意赅，不要写得太长。关于开头的写法，传统的方法有很多，比较常用的有：
1)开门见山。这一般都用于谈及对某个观点或现象的看法的文章，在文章的开头就简单的谈出个人看法，然后在下文里展开论述。如：
The benefits of television: With the improvement of people’s living standard, almost every family can afford to buy a television set. Television is becoming increasingly popular because of its values in entertaining and educating.
常用的句型有：
It's well known to us that ．．．/As is known to us，．．．/It is universally acknowledged that ．．．/ It is conceivable /obvious/apparent that ．．．
例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us. 全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺 。
We cannot ignore the fact that．．． /No one can deny the fact that．．．/There is no denying the fact that．．． /There is no doubt that ．．．
例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired. 毫无疑问我们的教育制度令人不满意。
C. This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in．/ This is a topic that is being widely talked about．/Recently, sth./the problem of．．．has been brought to popular attention/ has become the focus of public concern./ One of the universal issues we are faced with/that cause increasing concern is that...
例句：Recently, the problem of unemployment has been brought to such popular attention that governments at all levels place it on the agenda as the first matter. /
D. With the rapid improvement in．．．/growing awareness of. ．．．, more and more. ．．．/sth．．．
例句：With the considerable improvement in building industry, more and more structures are being erected to set the people's minds at ease.
E. Nowadays, more/most important/dangerous for our society is．．．
例句：Nowadays, most dangerous for our society is the tendency to take advantage of each other in political circles.
F. It is a traditional practice to．．．in our society. / It has long been considered only right and proper to．．．.
例句：It is a traditional practice for young people to be financially dependent on their parents for anything like marriage and housing.
2)引用名言。用名人名言或谚语开头，往往比直接用个人的话更有说服力，也给文章增添色彩。当然这要以广泛的积累为基础，不然临时可想不出来。在引用古语或名人名言的时候要注意引用的准确性，如果把握不准的话，不如不引用。如：
Women are not treated equally with men: “we hold these truths to be self- evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain inalienable right．．．”, the American Declaration of Independence declares. While in china, everyone is familiar with the saying “women are equal with men” or “women can hold half of the sky”. It seems that men and women are treated equally, at least in law. But the reality is a different story.
常用的句型有：
As a proverb says，“Where there is a will，there is a way．”
One of the great sociologists/psychologists has said:“．．．”
例句：The great classical ballerina Anna Pavlova has said: “No one can arrive from being talented alone. God gives talent; work transforms talent into genius.” In other words ．．．
C. “．．．” Such is the accurate exposition/exposure of．．．frequently over heard in public.
例句：“Public morals are declining day by day.” Such is the correct exposure of the dark side of our society.
D. How often nowadays we hear such remarks/complaints/words as this “．．．” or “．．．”!
例句：How often nowadays we hear such complaints from officials as this “I have too many social engagements to carry out” or “I have too many social engagements to carry out” or “I have to bear too many titles for our society”! Don't be misled by the complaints of this kind!
3)自问自答。通过提问的方式引起读者对文章的兴趣，你可以在篇首简单给出答案，也可以将答案放到接下来的段落中。这一般都是用在作文题本身就是提问式或是结论式的文章中。如：
What is a good student? Different people may have different answer to this question. Someone thinks that a good student should be good at academic work. Others claim that a good student should be one who is all round development of morality, intelligence and physique. But I think, in addition to the above mentioned, a good student, above all, should be capable of doing practical work, and must be competent in the future work．
这是自问自答式的，在第一段中根据题目所给的问题，先写出提示中的两种观点，然后有连接词but，提出自己不同的看法，使人对作者的意图一目了然。
常用的提问句型有：
A．What does sth. mean?
B．How/Why does sth. affect our life?
C．What is it like to do．．．?
例句：What is it like to have lost all confidence in oneself?
D．What would our society be like if there were no．．．?
例句：What would our society be like if there were no public morals?
E．Should we put sth. above sth. else?
或：Should we attach as much weight to A as to B?
例句：Should we put intellectual development above moral education?
4)对比式。在命题作文中，它往往会给出一些提示，表明两种不同的态度，再要求你写出自己的看法。用这种开头的方法要考虑一下整个文章的布局。如果你的主体是论述个人的看法而非别人的观点，那么在开头就有必要交代一下对于这个问题目前存在的一些看法。如：
考题的提示是：有人说成功主要靠运气，有人则认为成功主要靠勤奋，而与运气无关。你的观点是什么?说明你的理由。这其实就是要你以你的理由为表达主体。如果按照作文提示要求是要把别人的观点单独成段的话，则不需要在开头展开对双方看法的论述，留到下面再说。
How to achieve success: Some people say that the key to success is the luck, while others claim it is hard work. There is no doubt that successful people take advantage of opportunities. But if he works little and just waits to see opportunities pass by, he still can’t succeed. So, in my opinion, diligence, devotion and perseverance are three fundamental factors to success.
又如：
题目要求是：
有人认为业余时间应多参加一些体育活动。
有人认为业余时间应多做一些智力活动，如读书、看报、写作等。
我的看法。
这就是要你将题目的要点单独成段，所以在开头就不用交代得太清楚，点到即可。
How to spend spare time: Physical activities and intellectual pastimes are two basic ways for us to spend our spare time. Different people may have different means of spending their leisure time.
5)讲故事。这种方法比较新颖，能使文章活泼有趣，但是要注意故事的长短。如果你整篇文章都要围绕该故事展开，你的开头即是故事的开头。如果你仅是用其做个例子，就要写得简单清楚，往往可以是生活中常遇到的一些情景。
Most of us may have such experience: when you go to some place far away from the city where you live and think you know nobody there, you are surprised to find that you run into one of your old classmates on the street, perhaps both of you would cry out: “what a small world!”
常用于引用故事的句型有：
A．Once in a newspaper/magazine, I hit upon the report that．．．
例句：Once in a newspaper, I hit upon the news that a quick witted policeman spotted a suspect's spittle in the street blotted it up and ran a DNA test on it which led to the man's arrest for a murder. This case best counts as a practical application of the DNA technique.
B．One day, I happened to witness the incident as follows．．．
6)数字开头。这一般都是用于图表题，将图表显示的数字先概括性的总结出来。然后再提出问题，给与分析和解答。如：
Changes in people’s daily expenses in the past five years: In the past five years, there have been great changes in people’s daily expenses in XX city. According to the figures given in the table, the amount of money spent on food decreased gradually, accounting for 35 percent in 1998. However, there was a rapid increase in clothing expenses, which made up 17% in 1998. In addition, the table shows an upward tendency in recreation expenses. The same was the case with other expenses.
常用的句型有：
From the graph/table/chart listed above，it can be seen/learned/estimated/ predicted that ．．．
B．According to the information given in the table/graph, we can find that．．．
C．As can be seen from the table/graph/figure, there is a marked increase /decline/favorable (an unfavorable) change in．．．
D．As we can see from the table/graph/figure above, drastic/considerable/ great changes have taken place in．．．over the period of time from．．．(年份)to．．．( 年份)
E．The table/graph shows that there is a(n) declining/increasing trend of ．．．from．．．(年份) to．．．(年份)
Anyone who takes a closer look at the data in the table/graph can be surprised to find that．．．
2. 文章发展段的句型：
完成了作文的开头，接着就是中间段了。中间段一般也叫发展段，是用于发展、拓宽开头段中揭示出的文章的主题的段落。可以是一个段落也可以是数个，但在六级考试作文中一般都不超过两到三个。它们从不同侧面说明文章的主旨。六级考试作文虽然分有记叙文、描写文、说明文、论述文等不同体裁，但是作文行文通常的展开方法总体有如下几种：对比法、因果法、列举法、概述法和议论法。根据不同的题材你可以选择使用不同的展开方法，也可以同时使用几种。而笔者在这里主要介绍展开段中常用到的句型。
1). 表示原因结果分析常用句型有：
[1] 基本原因——分析某事物时，用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因。如：
A．Why ．．．? For one thing.. For another ．．．
B．The answer to this problem involves many factors. For one thing．．．For another．．．Still another ．．．
C．A number of factors, both physical and psychological affect ．．．/both individual and social contribute to ．．．
D．The reason why we have to grow trees is that ．．．
例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air./ The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.
E．There are three reasons for this．
F．The reasons for this are as follows．
[2]另一原因——在分析了基本原因之后，再补充一个次要的或者更重要时用。如：
A．Another important factor is ．．．
B． ．．． is also responsible for the change/problem.
C．Certainly , the ．．． is not the sole reason for ．．．
[3]后果影响和总结原因 ——分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响。如：
A．It will produce a profound/far-reaching effect/impact on. ．．．
B．In involves some serious consequence for ．．．
C．That is the reason why．．．
D．Thanks to ．．．
例句：Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.
2)表示变化的常用句型有：
A. Some changes have taken place in the past five years．
B. A great change will certainly be produced in the world's communications．
The computer has brought about many changes in education．
3)表示好处的常用句型有：
A. It has the following advantages．
B. It does us a lot of good．
C. It benefits us quite a lot．
D. It is beneficial to us．
E. It is of great benefit to us．
4)表示坏处的常用句型有：
A. It does us much harm．
B. It is harmful/ detrimental to us．
C. It exerts a negative effect on us.
It has more disadvantages than advantages．
It does more harm than good.
Smoking has an adverse influence on our health.
Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.
5) 比较对照的常用句型有：
[1] 两者比较—— 比较两事物，要说出其一超过另一个，或肯定一事物的优点，也肯定其缺点的时候用。如：
A. The advantages gained from A are much greater than the advantages we gain from B.
B. Indeed, A carries much weight when compared with B.
I prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. else．
例句：I prefer to read rather than watch TV．
Nothing is more important than to do sth.
例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有比接受教育更重要的事。
There is no doubt that it has its negative effects as well as positive effects.
[2] 两者相同/相似——比较两事物共同都有或者共同都没有的特点时用。如：
A. A and B have several thing in common. They are similar in that. ．．．
B. Sth. is often referred to as/defined as．．．
例句：Corrupt officials are often referred to as the most dangerous borers in our government bodies, who are nibbling away the healthy organism of our party by dishonest means.
C. (Doing) Sth. is just the same as /is compared to/ is likened to/ is like ．．．
例句：Life in the middle of marriage is often compared to wire walking, for in the early years spouses attract each other and in late years they need each other.
D. Sth. is to．．．what sth. else is to．．．
例句：An individual human existence is to the human society what a river is to the ocean, small and busy rushing past rocks at first, but gradually growing wider and quieter until it becomes merged in the ocean in the end.
E. A bears some striking resemblance(s) to B.
F. There is a striking contrast between them．
6)表示数量的常用句型有：
A. It has increased（decreased）from．．．to．．．
B. The population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000．
C. The output of July in this factory increased by 15％ compared with that of January．
例如：With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion of people's income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased．
再如：From the graph listed above，it can be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000.
注：“From the graph listed above，it can be seen that”见1. 文章开头的句型中6)数字开头的句型。考生将这两个句式结合在一起，便可较好地写出2002年6月CET －4、6图表作文。
7)表示看法的常用句型有：
A. People have/take/adopt/assume different attitudes towards this issue．
B. People have different opinions on this problem．
C. People take different views of（on）the question．
D. Some people believe that．．．Others argue that．．．
例如：People have different attitudes towards failure．Some believe that failure leads to success．
Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor．However， others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers．
再如：Do lucky numbers really bring good luck？Different people have different views on it．
注：一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始，考生应掌握这一写作方法。
E. A public debate has arisen as to/over/concerning．．．
例句: A public debate has arisen as to whether one should step forward bravely in the event of crime.
F. To sb.'s mind/In sb.'s eye(s), sth. seems/means．．．
例句：In the eyes of the public, official corruption means taking bribes. But such corruption comes in many different forms.
G. No one would deny that．．．或：Everyone would agree that．．．
H. When it comes to．．．sth. , most people (the public) maintain(s)/contend(s) that．．．
例句: When it comes to fake commodities, every consumer has much anger to pour upon them.
I. Now it is widely believed that．．．
例句: Now it is widely believed that examinations are the best possible measure for the selection of the qualified.
3．表示结论的常用句型：
结尾和开头一样都很重要。一般说来，老师阅卷都是看了开头看结尾，如果两头都很精彩，中间又没什么大错，分数自然就不低了。结尾一般都是对全文的概括，或是提出建设性的意见，或有所展望。常用的方法有：
1)概括总结。这是最一般的写法，也是最保险的。只要把你的意思归纳一下即可，不过要注意用与上文中不同的句子或句型，稍显变化。如果想强调其重要性，以下句型可以帮助你。
表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能的常用句型有：
A. It is important/necessary/difficult/convenient/ possible for sb to do sth．
B. We think it necessary to do sth．
C. It plays an important role in our life．
D. We cannot emphasize the importance of doing sth.
例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
E. So precious is ．．．that we can't afford to．．．
例句：So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it. 时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。
F. On no account can we ．．．
例句：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。
G. It pays to ．．．
例句：It pays to help others. 帮助别人是值得的。
I. Sth. is closely related to sth.
例句：Taking exercise is closely related to health. 做运动与健康息息相关。
J. What an important thing it is to do sth. / How important a thing it is to do sth.
例句：What an important thing it is to keep our promise! / How important a thing it is to keep our promise!
2)以提问的方式结束。这是比较自信的写法，因为你认为你一定能说服对方接受你的观点，因此明知故问，留有回味的感觉。如：As the reason listed above。why don’t you choose the public school for your child?
3)展望式结语。一般是针对目前需要改进或还没有实现的事情或事物提出一种希望。如：In a word，TV advertisement，I think，is a newborn thing in the development 0f our economy．Of course，there is much room for improvement in TV ads，but I believe the TV ads will benefits both the advertisers and consumers．
4)口号式结语。对问题分析完之后，提出一种解决方法以供读者参考，或是提出一种号召。这种结尾方法比较有感染力。如：Open your heart to your friends so that whether they are similar to or different from you．you may become the happiest man in the world．
表示措施的常用句型有：
A. We should take some effective measures．
B. We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties．
C. We should do our utmost in doing sth．
D. We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with．
E. We shou