2016年高考完形填空集.doc

2016年高考完形填空集
一、 记叙文
(2016·全国卷Ⅰ·完形填空)
话题:紧急救援　　词数:253W　　难度:★★★★
A Heroic Driver
Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009,Larry was　41　along 165 north after delivering to one of his　42　.Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on.　43　he got closer, he found　44　vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed　45　shooting out from under the　46　vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and　47　the fire extinguisher(灭火器).Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.
The man who had his bright lights on　48　and told Larry he had　49　an emergency call. They　50　heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked(毁坏的)vehicle.　51　the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay　52　until the emergency personnel arrived,　53　she thought the car was going to　54　.Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move　55　she injured her neck.
Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man　56　and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the　57　if he was needed or　58　to go. They let him and the other man go.
One thing is　59　—Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His　60　most likely saved the woman’s life.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,文章叙述的是一位送货司机在路上勇于救人的故事。
41.A.walking　　B.touring　　C.traveling　　D.rushing
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。句意:2009年的一天早晨,Larry正沿着165号路向北行进。根据首句Larry works with Transport Drivers,Inc.可知,Larry正开车“行进”。walk步行;tour旅游,游览;travel旅行,(以某速度)行进;rush猛冲,急速行进。
42.A.passengers B.colleagues C.employers D.customers
【解析】选D。词义辨析题。由于Larry是司机,他的任务就是为“顾客”送货(deliver)。passenger乘客;colleague同事;employer雇主;customer顾客。
43.A.Since B.Although C.As D.If
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。当Larry靠近那辆开着灯的汽车时……。根据逻辑关系可知,此处表示时间。since自从,既然;although虽然,尽管;if如果;as当……时候,随着。
44.A.each B.another C.that D.his
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。他看到另一辆汽车在路上翻了个底朝天。前文he saw a car,走近之后,发现了“另一辆”,故选another。
45.A.flames B.smoke C.water D.steam
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。由本段最后一句“the fire was put out”可知,此处表示“火焰”从汽车底部冒了出来。flame火焰;smoke烟雾;water水;steam蒸汽。
46.A.used B.disabled C.removed D.abandoned
【解析】选B。词汇复现题。火焰是从那辆“损坏了的”汽车底部冒出来的。used用过了的;disabled报废的,不能使用的;removed移走的;abandoned遗弃的。车内还有人,所以不是abandoned。下段的a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked vehicle对此空是一提示。
47.A.got hold of B.prepared
C.took charge of D.controlled
【解析】选A。词汇辨析题。Larry把车开到路边,刹好车,一把抓起灭火器。get hold of抓住,拿到;prepare准备;take charge of掌管;control控制。
48.A.came down B.came through
C.came in D.came over
【解析】选D。短语辨析题。开着车灯的那位司机走了过来。come down下降;come through经历;come in进来;come over(由远而近)过来。
49.A.returned B.received C.made D.confirmed
【解析】选C。固定搭配题。那位司机告诉Larry他已经打了紧急求助电话。make a call打电话,是固定搭配。
50.A.then B.again C.finally D.even
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。在他们说话的时候从那辆已被毁坏的车里传来一位女士的声音。此处表示顺承关系,故选then。
51.A.Starting B.Parking C.Passing D.Approaching
【解析】选D。词义辨析题。他们走近那辆车时,看到一位女士正想从破碎的窗户里爬出来。start启动(汽车);park停车;pass路过,经过;approach靠近,走近。
52.A.quiet B.still C.away D.calm
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。他们让她不要动,等待紧急救援人员到来。stay still静止不动。此处容易误选D项,stay calm保持镇定。由上一句“trying to get out of the broken window”和下文的“should not move”可知此处选择B项。
53.A.for B.so C.and D.but
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。“但是”她认为车会爆炸。根据逻辑关系推知此处表转折,所以用but。
54.A.explode B.slip away C.fall apart D.crash
【解析】选A。词汇辨析题。上文说火焰从汽车底部冒出,此处她担心车会“爆炸”。explode爆炸;slip away溜走;fall apart崩溃,破碎;crash撞碎,坠毁。
55.A.as if B.unless C.in case D.after
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。Larry告诉她,他已经扑灭了火,她不应该动,“以防”伤着脖子。as if好像;unless除非;in case以防;after在……之后。
56.A.stepped forward B.backed off
C.moved on D.set out
【解析】选B。背景常识题。消防人员和救援人员一到,Larry和那位司机就退到后边让他们工作了起来。根据常识,紧急救援需要专业人员处理,故选择B项。step forward走向前,站出来;back off后退;move on继续;set out出发。
57.A.woman B.police C.man D.driver
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。此处Larry询问的人是fire and emergency people,他们都属于警察系统police;且由本段最后一句They let him and the other man go中的They可推断应选复数或集合名词,故选B。
58.A.forbidden B.ready C.asked D.free
【解析】选D。词义辨析题。Larry问是否需要他,还是他可以走了。be forbidden to do sth.被禁止做某事;be ready to do sth.准备做某事;be asked to do sth.被请求做某事;be free to do sth.自由做某事。
59.A.for certain B.for consideration
C.reported D.checked
【解析】选A。词汇辨析题。有一件事情是确定无疑的,Larry勇敢地走近那辆着火的汽车,他所做的已经超越了自己的职责范围。for certain确信;for consideration以供考虑;report报告;check检查。
60.A.patience B.skills C.efforts D.promise
【解析】选C。词义辨析题。他的努力很可能挽救了这位女士的生命。patience耐心;skill技巧;effort努力;promise承诺。
(2016·北京卷·完形填空)
话题:救援　　词数:433 W　　难度:★★★
A Race Against Death
It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome,Alaska.The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
On the 20th of that month,Dr.Welch　36　a sick boy,Billy,and knew he had diphtheria,a deadly infectious(传染的)disease mainly affecting children.The children of Nome would be　37　if it struck the town.Dr.Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick.　38　,the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away,in Anchorage.
How could the medicine get to Nome?The town’s　39　was already full of ice,so it couldn’t come by ship.Cars and horses couldn’t travel on the　40　roads.Jet airplanes and big trucks didn’t exist yet.
　41　January 26,Billy and three other children had died.Twenty more were　42　.Nome’s town officials came up with a(n)　43　.They would have the medicine sent by　44　from Anchorage to Nenana.From there,dogsled(狗拉雪橇)drivers—known as“mushers”—would　45　it to Nome in a relay(接力).
The race began on January 27.The first musher,Shannon,picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night.　46　he handed the medicine to the next musher,Shannon’s face was black from the extreme cold.
On January 31,a musher named Seppala had to　47　a frozen body of water called Norton Sound.It was the most　48　part of the journey.Norton Sound was covered with ice,which could sometimes break up without warning.If that happened,Seppala might fall into the icy water below.He would　49　,and so would the sick children of Nome.But Seppala made it across.
A huge snowstorm hit on February 1.A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm.At one point,huge piles of snow blocked his　50　.He had to leave the trail(雪橇痕迹)to get around them.Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to　51　the trail again.The only hope was Balto,Kaasen’s lead dog.Balto put his nose to the ground,　52　to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail.If Balto failed,it would mean disaster for Nome.The minutes passed by.Suddenly,Balto began to　53　.He had found the trail.
At 5:30 am on February 2,Kaasen and his dogs　54　in Nome.Within minutes,Dr.Welch had the medicine.He quickly gave it to the sick children.All of them recovered.
Nome had been　55　.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,文章讲述了一个人们接力运送药物来挽救患病儿童的感人故事:1925年1月份的阿拉斯加北部极其寒冷,由于大雪,诺姆镇与外界隔绝了,不幸的是,那里的儿童患上了一种致命的传染病,为了挽救他们,人们接力运送药品到诺姆镇,最终通过人们不懈的努力,儿童得救了。
36.A.examined　　　　 　　B.warned
C.interviewed D.cured
【解析】选A。词义辨析题。句意:医生检查了一个生病的孩子Billy,知道他患上了一种传染病。examine检查;warn警告,告诫;interview采访,面试;cure治愈。
37.A.harmless B.helpless
C.fearless D.careless
【解析】选B。词义辨析题。句意:如果这种传染病肆虐诺姆,这里的孩子们将会毫无希望。harmless无害的;helpless无助的,没有希望的;fearless无畏的;careless粗心的。
38.A.Moreover B.Therefore
C.Otherwise D.However
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。句意:可是,最近的药品供应站在距离诺姆一千多英里之外的Anchorage。根据逻辑关系,此处表示转折。moreover而且;therefore因此;otherwise否则,不然的话;however然而,但是。
39.A.airport B.station
C.harbor D.border
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。句意:药品怎样才能送到诺姆呢?镇上的港口已经结冰了,船只无法到达。根据“so it couldn’t come by ship”可知,选C。airport机场;station车站;harbor港口;border边境。
40.A.narrow B.snowy
C.busy D.dirty
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。句意:汽车和马匹都不能在被雪覆盖的路上通行,那时还没有喷气式飞机和大卡车。根据第一段可知,大雪覆盖了道路,故选B。narrow狭窄的;snowy被雪覆盖的;busy繁忙的;dirty脏的。
41.A.From B.On
C.By D.After
【解析】选C。词义辨析题。句意:截至1月26日,Billy和其他三个孩子都去世了。句子的谓语使用的是过去完成时,故选择C项。from从……开始;on在具体某一天;by在……之前,到……为止;after在……之后。“by+时间”与完成时连用,后跟过去的时间,用过去完成时;跟将来的时间,用将来完成时。
42.A.tired B.upset
C.pale D.sick
【解析】选D。词义辨析题。句意:四个孩子相继去世了,还有20多个患病。tired劳累的;upset难过的;pale苍白的;sick生病的。
43.A.plan B.excuse
C.message D.topic
【解析】选A。词义辨析题。句意:镇上的官员们提出了一个计划。plan计划;excuse借口;message信息;topic话题。
44.A.air B.rail
C.sea D.road
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。句意:他们想通过铁路把药品从Anchorage送到Nenana,再从Nenana送到Nome。根据下一段“from the train at Nenana”可知,药物由火车运到Nenana,故选B。by air用飞机;by rail通过铁路;by sea由海路;by road由陆路。
45.A.carry B.return
C.mail D.give
【解析】选A。词义辨析题。句意:从Nenana然后再由乘坐狗拉雪橇的人把药物接力送到诺姆。carry运送,随身携带;return返回,归还;mail邮寄;give给。
46.A.Though B.Since
C.When D.If
【解析】选C。词义辨析题。句意:当Shannon把药物交给下一个人时,他的脸已经被冻得乌青了。根据逻辑关系,此处表示时间状语从句。though虽然,引导让步状语从句;since因为,自从,引导原因或时间状语从句;when当……时候,引导时间状语从句;if如果,引导条件状语从句。
47.A.enter B.move
C.visit D.cross
【解析】选D。词义辨析题。根据“Norton Sound was covered with ice”可知,Norton Sound是一片冰冻的水域,Seppala必须“穿过”这片水域,故选D。enter进入;move移动;visit拜访;cross穿过。
48.A.shameful B.boring
C.dangerous D.foolish
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据“which could sometimes break up without warning”可知,这是旅途中最“危险的”一段路程,故选C。shameful惭愧的;boring令人厌烦的;dangerous危险的;foolish愚蠢的。
49.A.escape B.bleed
C.swim D.die
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。句意:如果Seppala掉进冰冷的水里他就会死去,诺姆镇里生病的孩子们也会死去。escape逃脱;bleed流血;swim游泳;die死去。
50.A.memory B.exit
C.way D.destination
【解析】选C。词义辨析题。句意:在有个地方,巨大的雪堆挡住了去路。memory记忆;exit出口;way道路;destination目的地。
51.A.find B.fix
C.pass D.change
【解析】选A。词义辨析题。句意:当时的天气状况极差,Kaasen不可能再重新找到雪橇驶过的痕迹。find找到;fix固定,安装;pass经过;change改变。
52.A.pretending B.trying
C.asking D.learning
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。句意:Kaasen的狗把鼻子贴着地,试图找到其他狗的气味。pretend假装;try试图,努力;ask询问,要求;learn学会。
53.A.run B.leave
C.bite D.play
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。句意:突然,Kaasen的狗开始奔跑起来,原来它找到了雪橇驶过的痕迹。此处用run表示狗的兴奋。run跑;leave离开;bite咬;play玩耍。
54.A.gathered B.stayed
C.camped D.arrived
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。句意:2月2日早晨五点半,Kaasen和他的狗终于到达了诺姆镇。gather聚集;stay停留;camp宿营;arrive到达。
55.A.controlled B.saved
C.founded D.developed
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。句意:所有的孩子得到了救治,诺姆镇也获得了新生。control控制;save拯救;found建立;develop发展。
(2016·天津卷·完形填空)
话题:个人经历　　词数:340　　难度:★★★
The journey my daughter Cathy has had with her swimming is as long as it is beautiful.
Cathy suffered some terrible　16　in her early childhood.After years of regular treatment,she　17　became healthy.
Two years ago,while Cathy was watching the Olympics,a dream came into her sweet little head—to be a swimmer.Last summer,she wanted to　18　our local swim team.She practiced hard and finally　19　it.The team practice,　20　,was a rough start.She coughed and choked and could hardly　21　her first few weeks.Hearing her coughing bitterly one night,I decided to　22　her from it all.But Cathy woke me up early next morning,wearing her swimsuit　23　to go!I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing,but she refused to　24　and insisted she go.
From that day on,Cathy kept swimming and didn’t　25　a single practice.She had a　26　intention within herself to be the best she could be.My ten-year-old was growing and changing right before my eyes,into this　27　human being with a passion and a mission.There were moments of　28　of course:often she would be the last swimmer in the race.It was difficult for Cathy to accept that she wasn’t a　29　—ever.But that didn’t stop her from trying.
Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year.Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to　30　her friends and praise their accomplishments.As the ceremony was nearing the end,I suddenly heard the head coach　31　,“The highest honor goes to Cathy!”Looking around,he continued,“Cathy has inspired us with her　32　and enthusiasm.　33　skills and talents bring great success,the most valuable asset(财富)one can hold is the heart.”
It was the greatest　34　of my daughter’s life.With all she had been　35　in her ten years,this was the hour of true triumph(成功).
【文章大意】本文从一个妈妈的视角讲述了女儿Cathy虽然身体不好,但是仍对自己的梦想——游泳充满了坚定的信念和决心。虽然因体力上的差距不能获得冠军,但是她的精神激励了大家,最终赢得了大家的赞扬。正如教练所说,“虽然技巧和天赋能带来成功,但是最宝贵的财富是美好的心灵。”
16.A.failure B.pressure
C.loss D.illness
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据下文的healthy(健康的)以及cough(咳嗽)可以判断选illness。
17.A.usually B.finally
C.firstly D.frequently
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。文中说女儿Cathy经过几年的治疗,病终于(finally)好了。usually通常;firstly首先;frequently频繁地。
18.A.improve B.train
C.join D.contact
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。join the team加入某一组织或者俱乐部。
19.A.increased B.found
C.created D.made
【解析】选D。固定搭配题。前面说她想要参加,所以这里说她经过刻苦的练习,终于成功了。make it成功。
20.A.however B.therefore
C.otherwise D.instead
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。前面说她成功地加入了游泳队,后面提到了rough start,所以前后是转折关系,选however。
21.A.use B.survive
C.save D.waste
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。承接前文的rough start(艰难的开始),后文具体解释如何艰难。她咳嗽得厉害,甚至喘不过气来,几乎不能扛过前几周,survive表示幸存,符合语境。use使用;save存储,节约;waste浪费。
22.A.pull B.tell
C.hide D.fire
【解析】选A。词语搭配题。我想让女儿从游泳队中退出,也就是不想让她参加。pull sb.from/out of从……中退出,符合语境。tell...from...从……区分……;hide...from...隐藏;fire解雇。
23.A.afraid B.nervous
C.ready D.free
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。Cathy第二天一早把我叫醒,穿上了泳装,准备好(ready)了要出发。afraid害怕;nervous紧张的;free免费的,空闲的。
24.A.take off B.set off
C.give up D.show up
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。“我”告诉她咳嗽了一晚上,不能再去游泳了,但是女儿拒绝放弃,坚持要去。give up放弃,符合语境。take off起飞,脱下;set off出发;show up出现。
25.A.attend B.miss
C.ban D.start
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。Cathy一直坚持游泳,并且没有错过(miss)任何一次训练。attend参加;ban禁止;start开始。
26.A.rich B.weak
C.firm D.kind
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据后文“with a passion and a mission”可以判断她有一个坚定的(firm)目标。
27.A.trusted B.determined
C.experienced D.embarrassed
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。跟前文的a firm intention承接,我十岁的女儿正在慢慢变成一个充满热情并有使命感的坚定的人。determined坚定的,符合语境。
28.A.frustration B.delight
C.excitement D.surprise
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。注意特殊的标点符号“:”,起解释说明作用,后文的内容(她通常都是最后一名)在解释前文,所以前文的内容应该是沮丧(frustration)。
29.A.beginner B.learner
C.partner D.winner
【解析】选D。背景常识题。参加比赛,不是胜者winner就是输者loser。对Cathy来说,很难接受她不是获胜者(winner)。
30.A.cheer on B.compete with
C.respond to D.run after
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。Cathy没指望得任何奖,但仍然给她的朋友们加油,并且表扬他们,and连接两个并列的结构,与praise并列一致的只有cheer on(加油)。compete with竞争;respond to回复;run after追赶。
31.A.admitting B.explaining
C.announcing D.whispering
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。我突然听到教练宣布(announce)。从下文的内容可知此处是宣布。admit承认;explain解释;whisper低声耳语。
32.A.humor B.will
C.honesty D.wisdom
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。Cathy用她的意志力(will)鼓舞了我们。承接上文的“determined”和“firm”。
33.A.Although B.Since
C.Once D.Because
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。尽管技巧和天赋能带来成功,但是最宝贵的财富是美好的心灵。前后是转折关系,故用although。
34.A.discovery B.choice
C.influence D.moment
【解析】选D。词汇复现题。那是我女儿一生中最伟大的时刻(moment),与后面的hour相对应。
35.A.through B.under
C.across D.around
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。在我女儿所经历(through)的十年中,这一刻是真正的成功。
二、 说明文
无
三、 夹叙夹议文
(2016·浙江卷·完形填空)
话题:人生阅历　　词数:342W　　难度:★★★
During the war,my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California.I went to live there in order to be　21　him.I hated the place.I had never　22　been so unhappy.My husband was ordered out on a long-term duty,and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋)alone.The heat was　23　—almost 125°F even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌).　24　a soul