初三下册教案.doc

外研版初三英语（下）Module 1 Travel教学设计
I. Teaching material analyzing 教材分析
本模块以“Travel”为话题，以学习谈论自己或他人的旅行为主线，介绍了旅行中发生的事件。通过模块学习，学生将重点掌握定冠词与不定冠词的用法，并能运用所学知识介绍自己或他人的旅行经历。
III．Class types and periods 课型设计与课时分配
Unit 1 Listening and speaking
Unit 2 Reading and writing
Unit 3 Revision and application
IV. Teaching plans for each unit分课时教案
第一课时：Unit 1 The flight was late.
Target language 语言目标:
1. Key vocabulary 重点词汇
airplane coach departure lounge transport
2. Key phrases 重点短语
departure lounge be full of/be filled with because of/because have a good time/enjoy oneself/have fun doing by bus/coach at the end of + time/place / by the end of + time/in the end(at last/finally) fly/flight do some sightseeing/go sightseeing had better (not) do something plenty of + n.(可数、不可数) a visit to/trip to/ a flight to
3. Key structures 重点句式
I had to stand for over six hours.
It’s the busiest season in China because of Spring Festival.
Better get back to work.
We’ll have a great time.
Language skill 能力目标:
Enable the students to listen to and talk about trips.
To improve listening and speaking ability.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Listening and speaking, pairwork, group work
Teaching important/difficult points教学重难点
How to talk about trips.
Teaching aids 教具准备
Tape recorder, a projector and a computer.
Teaching procedures and ways 教学过程
教师活动
学生活动
设计意图
备注
Step 1. Reading
Ask students to read the conversation and complete the chart.
Read the conversation and complete the chart.
Let the Ss know about the conversation well.

Step2. Language points
Ask students to read the conversation again and find out important language points.
Read the conversation again and look for important language points.
Make sure the Ss
understand the
conversation well.
Step 3. Explanation
Explain some important language points.
Write down the important points.
Consolidate the
basic language
points.
Step 4.Exersice
Do WB Exx 4 & 5
Improve Ss’
language skills.
课后反思：

另附：课堂习题

第二课时：Unit 2 You’re sitting in my seat.
Language goals 语言目标
1. Key vocabulary重点词汇
nod tear towards cigarette though
2. Key phrases 重点短语
What do you think of/ how do you like in front of/in the front of /at the back of set off at the start of / at the beginning of push…away look out of/look up/look over/look after/look through/look into/look for in a …voice/ at a …speed of the number of/ a number of besides/except get off/on
3. Key sentences重点句子
Don’t forget where you come from.
Write to us as soon as you get there.
I’m getting off before you.
Even if it’s only 10 minutes, you should move.
Language skill 能力目标
Read and grasp the main idea of the articles.
Enable the students to talk about their trips they have made.
Write something that happened during a trip you have made.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Reading and writing, pair work, group work
Teaching important/difficult points教学重难点
Learn to talk about and write something that happened during a trip you have made.
Teaching aids教具准备
A tape recorder, a computer and a projector.
Teaching procedures and ways教学过程与方式

教师活动
学生活动
设计意图
备注
Step1. Reading
1. Ask the students to read the passage and number the phrases in the order they happen.
2. Ask the students to read again and do A2
1. Read the passage and number the phrases in the order they happen.
2. Read again and do A2
Know about
the conversation.

Step2. language points
Ask students to read the passage again and find out important language points.
Read the passage again and choose out the important language points.
Make sure the Ss
understand the
conversation well.
Step 3. Explanation
Explain some important language points.
1.Write down the important points.
2. Try to make some sentences.
Consolidate the basic language
points.
Step4.Practise
Ask the students to do the WB Exersice 7
Do Exersice 7.
Improve Ss`
language skills.
Homework:
Ask the students to write about something that happened during a trip you have made.

课后反思：
另附：课堂习题

第三课时：Unit 3 Language in use
Target language 语言目标:
1. Key vocabulary 重点词汇与短语
step do harm to at the end of too…to…
2. Key structures 重点句式
Where were you going?
Why were you going there?
What did you do/see on the trip?
Language skill 能力目标:
Enable the students to talk about a trip they have made.
Enable the students to write about a trip.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Individual work and group work
Teaching important/difficult points教学重难点
How to write about a trip.
Teaching aids 教具准备
A computer, a recorder and a projector.
Teaching procedures and ways教学过程与方式
教师活动
学生活动
设计意图
备注
Step1.Grammar teaching
Help the students to learn the grammer.
1.Learn the grammer and make notes.
Grasp the grammar items.

Step2. Practice
Give some exersice for the students to do.
Do the exersices
Consolidate the grammar.
Step3. Practice and homework
Ask the ST to complete the exersices.
1.Do ST Book A1、A2
2.Do WB 1&2.
Consolidate the grammar.
课后反思

Grammar
I. 冠词（The Indefinite Article and the Definite Article）
冠词是用在名词前面，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物，是泛指还是特指的词。冠词是一种虚词。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The Definite Article）a, an是不定冠词，the是定冠词。
不定冠词
an, a是不定冠词，仅用在单数可数名词前面，表示“一”的意义，但不强调数目观念。a用在以辅音（指辅音音素）开头的词前， an用在以元音（指元素音素）开头的词前，如：
a boy an hour a history class an island
a university an elephant a hero an old man
不定冠词的用法：
1. 表示人或事物的某一类
A steel worker makes steel.
A plane is a machine that can fly.
2. 表示某一类人或事物中的任何一个。
This is an apple.
His father is a teacher.
3. 泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人何物。
A comrade is waiting for you downstairs.
I met an old man on my way to school.
4. 表示“一个”的意思
He will be back in a day or two.
He tried to send a picture of a face.
5. 有时也表示 “每”的意思
We have three meals a day.
我们一日三餐。
He walks ten miles an hour.
他一小时走10英里。
We have six classes a day.
我们一天上六节课。
He drives the car at thirty miles an hour.
他驾车的速度是一小时三十英里。
如果把不定冠词后的名词变为复数，只把不定冠词去掉还不行，还得补上一个数词或不定代词（some, any）
The plan will be ready in a few days.
这是因为“一个”或“某个”变为复数时，就成为“几个”或“某几个”的缘故。
定冠词
定冠词the具有确定的意思，用以特指人或事物，表示名词所指的人或事物是同类中的特定的一个，以别于同类中其他的人或事物，相当于汉语中的“那个”或“这个”的意思。它可以和单、复数名词，也可以和不可数的名词连用。
定冠词的基本用法：
1. 特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。
Give me the book.
Did you hear the talk given by Mr. Li?
2. 指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。
Where is the teacher?
Open the door.
3. 复述上文提过的人或事物。
I have a beautiful wallet, but the wallet was stolen yesterday.
4. 世界上独一无二的事物等（月亮、地球、天空、宇宙）
the sun ；the earth ；the glob； the universe；the atmosphere大气层
5. 用在方位名词前
in the south, in the west ,in the north
6. 用在序数词或形容词最高级前
The first thing I want to say is to listen carefully in class.
He is the tallest one in our class.
7、表示两者间“较……的一个”时用定冠词
The older of the two noblemen took a light.
He is the taller of the two boys.
8. 用在单数可数名词前表示一类人或事物。
The horse is a useful animal.
9. 定冠词用在形容词前，表示一类人或东西。
The rich, the poor ,the wounded ,the deaf
10. 冠词可用在党派、阶级、民族名词前
The Chinese people中华民族 ；The working class 工人阶级
The Communist Party 共产党
11、用在姓氏的复数形式前表示一家人，或这一姓的夫妇二人。
The Lius live upstairs.
12、在乐器前加the
the piano； the violin
13、在习惯性短语中
in the morning in the afternoon
14、在人或物后有限定性的后置定语
The man standing by the gate is Li Feng.
15、代替所有格代词，表示人体的一部分
He received a blow on the head.
他头上挨了一击。
John’s brother took him by the hand.
约翰的哥哥牵着他的手。
16、在世纪，年代名词前用冠词。
in the 1980s或in the 1980’s 20世纪80年代
in the nineteenth century 十九世纪
专有名词前冠词的用法：
1）在江河、山脉、湖泊、海洋、群岛、海峡、海湾运河前用the。
the Changjang River 长江； the West Lake 西湖
the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 ； the Yellow Sea 黄海
the Suez Canal 苏伊士运河 ； the English Channel 英吉利海峡
the Persian Gulf 波斯湾 ； the British Isles 布列颠群岛
2）在含有普通名词构成的专有名词前用the。
the Great Wall 长城 the Summer Palace 颐和园
the United States 美国 the Long March 长征
3）在某些建筑物前用the
the Great Hall of the People 人民大会堂
the Museum of Chinese History 历史博物馆
4）在某些组织机构前用the
the United Nations 联合国
the Department of Education 教育部
5）节日名前一般不加the
New Year’s Day 新年，元旦 Children’s Day儿童节
National Day国庆节 Christmas Day圣诞节
但我国的节日前用定冠词
the Spring Festival春节
the Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节
但也有一些专有名词前不加冠词
1） 街名：
Wang Fu Jing Street王府
2） 广场名：
Tian An Men Square天安门广场
3） 公园名：
Pei Hai Park北海公园
4） 大学名：
Beijing University 北京大学; 但也可说：the University of Beijing
Zhejiang University浙江大学; 但也可以说：the University of Zhejian
什么时候不用冠词：
1. 在物质名词，抽象名词前不用冠词
The desk is made of wood.
What is work? Work is struggle.
2. 专有名词前不加冠词
Canada, Beijing，Lei Feng
3. 名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格修饰时
this， my，that， those， these， her
4、月份，星期，季节前不用冠词
Sunday March summer winter
5、在表示一类人或事物的复数名词前不用冠词
Horses are useful animals.
My mother and father are school teachers.
6、当一个名词用作表语，同位语补足语来表示某人在当时或现在的职 位或头衔时，前面不用冠词。
He is chairman of the Students’ Union. 他是学生会主席。
They elected him president of the U.S. 他们选他当美国总统。
这里指的职位大体是指独一的职位，“主席”、“主任”都只有一个，如不是独一的要加不定冠词。
She is a teacher of English in our school. 她是我校的一位英语教师
7、在三餐前不用冠词。
breakfast, lunch, supper 如这些词前有形容词修饰可用不定冠词。
I had a good lunch yesterday.
I have breakfast at 7 every day.
8、在球类，棋类名词前不用冠词。
Play football (basketball, volleyball) chess
※ 抽象名词，物质名词前不用冠词，但后有定语修饰加the。
He is fond of music.
The music of the film is very beautiful.
Science is making rapid progress in China.
科学正在中国飞速发展。
Physics is the science of matter and energy.
物理学是物质和能量的科学。
数 词

1.数词的表示方法
数词的定义：表示“数目多少”和“数目顺序”的词叫做数词。其用法相当于名词或形容词。
数词分为基数词和序数词两种。
一．基数词的表示方法：
1.基数词1-12是独立单词，需要逐个记忆。
例：one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve
2.基数词13-19是在个位数词的词干后加-teen构成。
例：thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen (注意：13、15、18)
3.基数词20-90是在个位数词的词干后加-ty构成。
例：twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety (注意：20、30、40、50、80)
4.基数词21-99是在十位数词后面加上个位数词构成，中间加上连字号“-”。
例：21 twenty-one 98 ninety-eight
5.三位以上的基数词，在百位和十位之间一般要用连词and。
例：1342 one thousand three hundred and forty-two
6.hundred、thousand、million、billion、dozen、score这些词前面如有表示具体数字的词，它们不能加“s”；反之则需要加“s”，并且需要和“of”连用构成短语。
例：three hundred people thousands of people (注意区分：three thousand of the people)
several dozen people many dozen students dozens of eggs
7.英语中没有“万”和“亿”，在表示“万”和“亿”时要按十进位法来推算。
例：1万可用10个千来表示：10,000 ten thousand 100,000,000可写成a hundred million
12,345,678 twelve million three hundred and forty-five thousand six hundred and seventy-eight
二.序数词的表示方法：
1.序数词变化口诀： 一二三特殊记，八加h九去e，ve要用f替，以y结尾变ie，后跟th莫忘记 。
例：first second third eighth ninth fifth twelfth twentieth
2.表示几十几的序数词，只把个位数变成序数词即可。
例：第21 twenty-first 第305 three hundred and fifth
3.序数词主要用作定语和表语，前面要加定冠词the。
例：The first lesson is easy to learn. I’m the first to get to school.
三．分数、小数、百分比、倍数、四则运算的表示方法：
类别
说明
例词或例句
分 数
分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1，分母的序数词用复数。
1/2 读作 a (one) half
1/3 读作 a (one) third
1/4 读作a (one) quarter或a (one) fourth
4/5 读作four fifths
4 2/3 读作four and two thirds 四又三分之二
Two thirds of the earth surface is covered by water.（地球表面的三分之二覆盖着水）
小数
小数点读作point。小数点后面各数都按个位基数词读；小数点前面仍按基数词读。零读作o或zero.
0.7 读作zero point seven
25.25 读作twenty-five point two five
百 分 比
百分比由基数词+percent组成 （ % ）
2% 读作two percent
44% 读作forty-four percent
100% 读作one hundred percent
More than 25 percent of the surface of the ground is covered with grass. 百分之二十五以上的地面被草覆盖着。
倍 数
(1) 倍数+as+形(副)原级+as
(2) 倍数+形(副)比较级+than
(3) 倍数+ the size(length , height , width , etc .)+ of (表示大小或数量的名词)
This room is three times as large as that one .
This room is two times larger than that one.
This room is three times the size of that one .= The size of this room is three times that of that room.
注意：上述三个结构的意义是相同的。
汉译表达：
这间房是那间房的三倍大 。
加、减、乘、除四则运算
用基数词表示
加号用plus / and
减号用minus
乘号用times
除号用divided by
9+8=17， 读作 Nine plus (and) eight is seventeen.
11-5=6 ， 读作 Eleven minus five is six.
6×5=30， 读作 Six times five is thirty.
35÷7=5， 读作 Thirty-five divided by seven is five.

2.数词的中考考点
1.按句子成分分析，数词在句中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
例：Four of them went to the factory. We have three plans. Six and nine is fifteen.
2.表示“年、月、日”时年份用基数词，日期用序数词，其顺序常是“月、日、年”。
例：She was born on December fifth,1999.
3.给事物做编号时用数词。
例：Today we will learn Lesson Five/the Fifth Lesson. I lived in Room Two/the Second Room.
4.表示“几点钟，几点几分”用基数词。
例： 7:00 seven o’clock 7:15 seven fifteen/a quarter past seven
7:30 half past seven 7:45 a quarter to eight
5. “a/an + 序数词” 表示“再一”或“又一”。
例：I have failed four times.May I try a fifth time.
6.“数词+名词单数+(形容词)”构成合成形容词用来修饰名词。(注意：中间要用连字符)
例：A five-year-old girl helped the old man. I have two-month holiday.(= two months’ holiday)
7.两组与数词有关的介词短语：
⑴ “in + the + 数词的复数” 表示年代。 ⑵ “in + 物主代词+数词的复数” 表示某人的年龄。
例：He was born in the 1980s/1980’s. 他出生在二十世纪八十年代。
She became a famous writer in her forties. 她在四十多岁的时候成为了一名著名的作家。
1．名词的分类
• 名词可以分为专有名词（Proper Nouns）和普通名词 (Common Nouns），专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，joy等。普通名词又可分为下面四类：
　 1）个体名词（Individual Nouns）：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：doctor,house,photo。
　 2）集体名词（Collective Nouns）：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family,class。
　 3）物质名词（Material Nouns）：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：rice,water,air。
　 4）抽象名词（Abstract Nouns）：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：health,friendship。
个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词（Countable Nouns），物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）。
2．名词复数的规则变化
• 情况
• 构成方法
• 读音
• 例词
• 一般情况
• 加 -s
• 1.清辅音后读/s/;　 map-maps
2.浊辅音和元音后读 /z/ bag-bags
• map-maps
bag-bags
ar-cars

• 以s,sh,ch,
x等结尾的词
• 加 -es
• 读 /iz
• bus-buses
watch-watches
• 以ce,se,ze,
(d)ge等结尾
的词　　　
• 加 -s
• 读 /iz/
• license-licenses
以辅音字母+y
变y 为i结尾的词再加es
读 /z/
baby---babies

特殊情况：
1）以y 结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数：　
　 如：　two Marys　　　　 the Henrys
monkey---monkeys　holiday---holidays　　
　比较： 楼层：storey ---storeys　 story---stories
2) 以o 结尾的名词，变复数时：
　 a. 加s，如： photo---photos　　piano---pianos
　　　　　　　radio---radios　　 zoo---zoos；
　 b. 加es，如：potato--potatoes　tomato--tomatoes
　 c. 均可，如：zero---zeros / zeroes　
3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时：
　 a. 加s，如： belief---beliefs　roof---roofs
　　　　　　 safe---safes　 gulf---gulfs；
　 b. 去f,fe 加ves，如：　knife---knives thief---thieves leaf---leaves　
wolf---wolves wife---wives　life---lives　
　 c. 均可,如：handkerchief---handkerchiefs / handkerchieves
3． 名词复数的不规则变化
• 1）child---children　foot---feet　tooth---teeth
　 mouse---mice　man---men　 woman---women　
注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。
如： an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。
• 2）单复同形　如：
　 deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese
　 li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，f