英语四级冲刺710---兰州交通大学英语四级讲义.doc

兰州交通大学英语四级讲义

兰州交通大学外国语学院英语四级讲义
整理人：孟达 QQ：644078700

单词的重考率极高，比如：available（四级最爱） constrain（六级永陪词汇）
长得像的选项有一个是答案
[P56-24]Young people are not _______ to stand and look at works of art; they want art they can participate in.A) conservative B) content C) confident D) generous
注：押头韵去除D。
[P56-29]By law, when one makes a large purchase, he should have _______ opportunity to change his mind.A) accurate B) urgent C) excessive D) adequate
注：押尾韵去除C。
摸底[P56-Unit 17]
21. As we can no longer wait for the delivery of our order, we have to _______it.
A) postpone B) refuse C) delay D) cancel
注：postpone 推迟 refuse 拒绝 delay 推迟，拖延 cancel 取消
22. These books, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you _______ you need.
A) all the information B) all the informationsC) all of information D) all of the informations
注：1. information 不可数名词 2. all of 表示of 中的全部，所以后面名词一定要有明确的范围，必须加以限定。而all 没有这个要求。
23. Not until the game had begun _______ at the sports ground.
A) had he arrived B) would he have arrived C) did he arrive D) should he have arrived
注：1. not until 句型 2. 过去完成时与一般过去时成对使用
24. Young people are not _______ to stand and look at works of art; they want art they can participate in.A) conservative B) content C) confident D) generous
注：conservative 保守的 content 满足；内容 confident 自信的 generous 慷慨的
25. Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly criticized and argue that the power of the medium is _______.A) granted B) implied C) exaggerated D) remedied
注：exaggerated 夸大的
26. These surveys indicate that many crimes go _______ by the police, mainly because not all victims report them.A) unrecorded B) to be unrecorded C) unrecording D) to have been unrecorded
27. I have no objection _______ your story again.
A) to hear B) to hearing C) to having heard D) to have heard
注：object to doing 反对。其中 to为介词。动词跟介词，则相应的名词形式也跟介词
28. The clothes a person wears may express his _______ or social position.
A) curiosity B) status C) determination D) significance
注：status 地位，身份
29. By law, when one makes a large purchase, he should have _______ opportunity to change his mind .A) accurate B) urgent C) excessive D) adequate
注：adequate 足够的
30. You will see this product _______ wherever you go.
A) to be advertised B) advertised C) advertise D) advertising
31. The early pioneers had to _______ many hardships to settle on the new land.
A) go along with B) go back on C) go through D) go into
注：1. go through 经历困难而完成 congratulation（对新郎）best wishes（对新娘）
2. go along with 陪伴
3. go back on 违背，背弃
4. go into 谈论，谈及
32. The suggestion that the mayor _______ they prizes was accepted by everyone.
A) would present B) present C) presents D) ought to present注：should 省略虚拟
33. Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers, _______ overall consumption is significantly higher than that of women.
A) whose B) which C) that D) what
34. Peter, who had been driving all day, suggested _______ at the next town.
A) to stop B) stopping C) stop D) having stopped注：suggest doing 建议做...
35. I didn't know the word. I had to _______ a dictionary.
A) look out B) make out C) refer to D) go over注：refer to 查字典
36. The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _______ his arguments in favour of the new theory.A) to be based on B) to base on C) which to base on D) on which to base
注：on which to do 介词+which+to do 结构相当于定语从句
37. There are signs _______ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.
A) that B) which C) in which D) whose 注：同位语从句
38. I think I was at school, _______ I was staying with a friend during the vacation when I heard the news.
A) or else B) and then C) or so D) even so 注：or else 否则要不然
39. It is said that the math teacher seems _______ towards bright students.
A) partial B) beneficial C) preferable D) liable注：partial 偏袒的
40. In order to show his boss what a careful worker he was, he took _______ trouble over the figures.A) extensive B) spare C) extra D) supreme注：extra 额外的
41. --"May I speak to your manager Mr. Williams at five o'clock tonight?"
--"I'm sorry. M. Williams _______ to a conference long before then."
A) will have gone B) had gone C) would have gone D) has gone
注：主考时态：将来完成时，过去完成时
42. You _______ him so closely; you should have kept your distance.
A) shouldn't follow B) mustn't follow
C) couldn't have been following D) shouldn't have been following
注：本不应该
43. The growth of part-time and flexible working patterns, and of training and retraining schemes, _______ more women to take advantage of employment opportunities.
A) have allowed B) allow C) allowing D) allows
注：主谓一致，复杂主语中心词是growth，谓语动词用单数。
44. Everybody _______ in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.
A) assembled B) accumulated C) piled D) joined 注：assemble （人群的）聚集
45. Putting in a new window will _______ cutting away part of the roof.
A) include B) involve C) containD) comprise注：involve doing = need doing 需要
46. Living in the western part of the country has its problems, _______ obtaining fresh water is not the least.A) with which B) for which C) of whichD) which注：of which 其中
47. In the _______ of the project not being a success, the investors stand to lose up to $30 million.A) face B) time C) even tD) course 注：in the event of 万一
48. The manager would rather his daughter _______ in the same office.
A) had not worked B) not to work C) does not work D) did not work
注：would rather 加一般过去时表示虚拟。
49. _______, he does get annoyed with her sometimes.
A) Although much he likes her B) Much although he likes her
C) As he likes her much D) Much as he likes her
50. The British constitution is _______ a large extent a product of the historical events described above.
A) within B) to C) by D) at
单词记忆举例：
Ivy 常春藤 gazelle 瞪羚vigor 精力naive 天真的quaint 古怪的 acquaint 使熟悉
背单词的方法：
1、 谐音联想记忆法：
ambition 野心 ambitious野心勃勃的 ponderous沉重的，笨重的 sneer嘲笑,讥笑
exhaust 使精疲力尽 nuisance 讨厌的人 bruise 瘀伤brutal 残忍的curse 诅咒
2、近形对照法：
adapt 适应；adopt 采纳；收养adept 有技巧的；熟练的
coast 海岸线（ocean 海洋）; roast 烧，烤; boast 吹嘘; toast 干杯
2、 形象联想法：
look 看；loom 若隐若现；liberty 自由；blush 脸红；amorous 好色的；morose 郁闷的；mortal 必死的；mental 智力的，精神的
记忆类型：1、视觉型：不断的重复 2、听觉型：自己录自己的讲解，不断的听
3、混合型：记情节，细节
爱情三部曲I：apply 申请 approve 批准 appreciate 感激 attention 注意attract 吸引 arrange 安排 appointment 约会
[P52-42]Niagara Falls is a great tourist ______, drawing millions of visitors every year.
A) attention B) attraction C) appointment D) arrangement
注：tourist attraction 旅游胜地
[P52-70]Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were deeply ______.
A) appreciated B) approved C) appealed D) applied
注：appeal 上诉 subject to 屈从于，使服从 summit 峰会
高频成为答案词汇：
爱情三部曲
apply 申请 approve 批准 appreciate 感激 attention 注意 attract 吸引
arrange 安排 appointment 约会 engagement 约会
in that = because now that = since regardless of 不管，不顾 in terms of 根据
object to 反对（to为介词） bargain v. 讨价还价；n. 便宜货 pace 节奏
available 可获得的，可得到的 （Are you available? 你是否有时间？）
[P1-42]There were no tickets ______ for Friday’s performance.
A) preferable B) considerable C) possible D) available
注：1. preferable 喜欢的，更好的 2. considerable 相当多的，大量的；
considerate 体贴的，体谅的，考虑周到的
[P3-62]______ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.
A) For now B) Now that C) Ever since D) By now
[P5-48]The match was cancelled because most of the members ______ a match without a standard court.
A) objected to having B) were objected to have C) objected to have D) were objected to having
注：objected to doing
[P6-56]Many people complain of the rapid ______ of modern life.
A) rate B) speed C) pace D) growth
[P13-58]Liquids are like solids ______ they have a definite volume.
A) with that B) for that C) in that D) at that
[P15-34]Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to, ____ the color of his skin
.A) regardless of B) in the light of C) by virtue of D) with the exception of
注：1. in the light of 根据
2. by virtue of 借助于，依靠，由于 3. with the exception of 除了
[P17-57]______ that my head had cleared, my brain was also beginning to work much better.A) For B) Since C) Now D) Despite
[P23-59]He decided to make further improvements on the computer’s design _________ the light of the requirements of customers.
A) an B) for C) in D) with
[P27-43]It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and _________ knowledge.A) extensive B) expansive C) intensive D) expensive
注：通过押头韵排除C，通过押尾韵排除B
重要的词性：
1、动词和名词：名词是动作的发出者或承受者。
2、形容词和名词：形容词修饰名词。
I love a beautiful girl.
3、副词：副词修饰形容词；副词修饰动词；副词修饰副词。
I love a very beautiful girl.
I always love a very beautiful girl.
Not surprisingly, I always love a very beautiful girl.
猪八戒的五大特征：
1. vigorous 精力充沛的
2. glimpse 一瞥
love at the first glimpse 一见钟情
view 风景（不可数） a room with view《看得见风景的房间》；视野 come into view 走进视野
glance 一瞥
gaze 凝视，尤指感兴趣的看（gazelle 瞪羚）
peep 偷窥
3. considerate 体贴的；
considerable 相当多的，大量的；
4. consistent 一致的，和谐的；
5. be liable for 对……负责
动词：谓语动词有且只有一个。如果再出现动词只能以非谓语形式存在：-ing, -ed, to do
To get a high score, we have to study hard.
I came in, followed by two dogs.
Seeing is believing.
口诀： 谓语非谓经常混 谓语句中就一个
其余动词非谓语 非谓形式有三种
-ing, -ed 和to do 现在分词表主动
过去分词表被动 目的要用不定式
主宾要用动名词
一、谓语动词常考点：时态、语态、情态、倒装、主谓一致
二、谓语动词的时态（共有16 种）：
时间：过去、现在、将来、过将（虚拟）
状态：一般、进行、完成、完成进行
三、四级考试中主要考的三个时态：过去完成时、将来完成时、完成进行时
1、过去完成时：到过去某个点为止所完成的动作；在过去发生了两个动作，先过去完成时后一般过去时。
过去完成时与一般过去时常常成对出现。
[P2-53]We _________ our breakfast when an old man came to the door.
A) just have had B) have just had C) just had D) had just had
[P28-25]Before the first non-stop flight made in 1949, it _________ necessary for all planes to land for refueling.
A) would be B) has been C) had been D) would have been
注：时态题，A和D是虚拟语气，应排除。过去完成时所以选C。
A thief who broke into a church was caught because traces of wax, found on his clothes, _______ from the sort of candles used only in churches.
A) had come B) coming C) come D) that came
注：1. because 从句缺谓语
2. 两个逗号中间的found on his clothes 是插入成分
William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania, _______ defended the right of every citizen to freedom of choice in religion. A) peculiarly B) indifferently C) vigorously D) inevitably
注：1. peculiarly 奇怪地 2. indifferently 冷漠地 3. inevitably 不可避免地
Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful _______ in the marker. A) batteries B) bargains C) baskets D) barrels
[P56-23]Not until the game had begun_______ at the sports ground.
A) had he arrived B) would he have arrived C) did he arrive D) should he have arrived
注：Not until 连词，标明从句。主句倒装，从句不倒装。
Not until the vacation had begun did I pay tuition.
Not until I had met Lily did I realize the importance of English.
Not until I had met Lily did I realize that learning English is so easy.
2、将来完成时：到将来某个点为止所完成的动作。
We'll have learned 3000 words by the end of this year.
by then 到那个时候
[P8-45]By the end of this month, we surely _________ a satisfactory solution to the problem.A) have found B) will be finding C) will have found D) are finding
[P8-49]Not _________, the process of choosing names varies widely from culture to culture.A) obviously B) surprisingly C) particularly D) normally
[P26-39]
It’s reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory _________ by about 10%.A) will have risen B) has risen C) will be rising D) has been rising
注：rise to 上升到 rise by 上升了
[P54-55]Between 1974 and 1997，the number of overseas visitors expanded ______ 27%.A) by B) for C) to D) in
[P54-54]It is our ______ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.A) consistent B) continuous C) considerate D) continual
注：continuous 连续不断的 considerate 体贴的 continual 时断时续的，断断续续的
[P54-56]Although many people view conflict as bad, conflict is sometimes useful ______ it forces people to test the relative merits of their attitudes are behaviors.
A) by which B) to which C) in that D) so that 注：in that 因为
[P26-34]We gave out a cheer when the red roof of the cottage came _________ view.
A) from B) in C) before D) into
[P25-29]Although I like the appearance of the house, what really made me decide to buy it was the beautiful _________ through the window.
A) vision B) look C) picture D) view
[P24-66]I have no objection _________ the evening with them.
A) to spend B) to spending C) of spending D) spending
[P43-47]My train arrives in New York at eight o’clock tonight. The plane I would like to take from there _________ by then. A) would leave B) will have left C) has left D) had left
注：时间状语从句，条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。
[P43-51]All flights _________ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.
A) had been canceled B) have been canceled C) were canceled D) having been canceled
注：because of 介词，此句为单句，谓语动词有一个，所以选非谓语动词。独立主格
[P43-53]Remember that customers don’t _________ about prices in that city.
A) debate B) consult C) dispute D) bargain 注：1. bargain 讨价还价 2. debate 辩论，争论 3. consult 咨询4. dispute 辩论,争吵 dispute over
[P45-42]By the end of the year all but two people _________.
A) have left B) will leave C) will be leaving D) will have left
[P45-70]Our journey was slow because the train stopped _________ at different villages
.A) unceasingly B) gradually C) continuously D) continually
注：1. journey 旅行2. unceasingly 不停地，连续不断地3. gradually 逐渐地
4. continuously 连续不断地 5. continually 时断时续地，断断续续地
[P44-58]These two areas are similar _________ they both have a high rainfall during this season.
A) to that B) besides that C) in that D) except that
[P66-41]By the time you get to New York, I ______ for London.
A) would be leaving B) am leaving C) have already left D) shall have left
[P63-31]By the time he arrives in Beijing, we ______ here for two days.
A) will have stayed B) shall stay C) have been staying D) have stayed
3、完成进行时：更加强调时间性。
现在完成进行时为例：They have been standing there for 3 days.
[P16-45]It seems oil _________ from this pipe for some time. We’ll have to take the machine apart to put it right.
A) had leaked B) has been leaking C) leaked D) is leaking