CET4_英语_四级_重点_单词_详解.doc

CET4复习笔记
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ü penalty n. 处罚；罚款，罚金 reputation n. 声望；名声，名誉
ü saucer n. 茶托，浅碟；浅碟形物
ü pipe n. 烟斗；管；笛 vi. 吹笛He piped so that we could dance
ü peculiar adj. 特殊的；罕见的；特有的Language is peculiar to mankind. n. 特权；特有财产
ü scarce adj. 缺乏的，不足的；稀有的 Water is scarce in the desert.
ü inevitable adj. 必然的 The change of the teacher is inevitable. 不可避免的Inheriting to tradition is necessary , is also inevitable.
ü deduct v. 扣除 Once you deduct your expenses,there is nothing left. 一旦扣除
ü anticipate vt. 预期，期望 We anticipated her winning first prize. 预料I anticipated that he would be late. 抢先In business, you've got to anticipate how your competitors will act.
ü ornament n. 装饰；装饰物； Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. 学以自娱,自我修饰完善,自我能力提高 vt. 装饰，修饰 to ornament the house with flowers 为…添光彩(装饰) to ornament one's country为祖国增光
ü oblige vt. 强制;迫使;责成Circumstances oblige me to do that. vt.施恩惠Please oblige me with your presence.务请光临 vi. 帮忙；施恩惠I'll do any thing within reason to oblige.凡能做到的我都愿效劳within reason合情合理
ü obligate vt. 使负义务；强迫to be obligated to do something 有责任去做某事 adj. 有责任义务的；必需的Don't expect too much from others. Nobody is obligate to take care of you.
ü obligation n. 义务；职责 As a citizen, we have the obligation to protect our environment.
ü famine n. 饥荒 War brings death and famine.
ü coarse adj. 粗糙的；粗俗的Don't use such coarse language. coarse fiber粗纤维
ü decay vi. 腐烂，腐朽；衰退，衰减The tree began to decay as soon as it was cut down. vt. 使.. Sugar can decay the teeth of the children. n. This industry产业 has been in decay for some time.有一段时间
ü beast n. 野兽 Beauty and the Beast《美女与野兽》 畜生 I thought he was a beast.
ü brass n. 黄铜；黄铜制品；铜管乐器 bronze n. 青铜
ü brim n. 边Better spare at brim than at bottom. 宁愿缸满时节约，不愿见底时俭省。vi. 满溢His eyes brimmed with tears. vt. 使…满溢He brimmed a mug大杯 with coffee.
ü brisk adj. 敏锐，活泼的I wish you all brisk business and cooperation happy!生意兴隆、合作愉快 vi. 活跃起来The stock market brisked up. vt. 使……活泼,轻快,兴旺 He brisked up his pace.
ü bruise n.挫伤；疤He had a bruise just below his left eye. vt. 使受瘀伤；使受挫伤How did you bruise your arm? vi. 受伤；擦伤Don't drop apples, they bruise easily.
ü adequate adj.充足的I have no adequate preparation. 能胜任的 He is adequate to the task of doing it. 适当的 The system lacks adequate safeguards for fire accidents.
ü aural adj. 耳的；听觉的
ü scorn n.嘲笑; 轻蔑The artist looked at her with scorn. Why do you always pour scorn on my suggestions? 嗤之以鼻 vt.藐视;轻蔑 His bad action was scorned by the public.
ü scope n.范围 Scope: Tea service. n.余地机会 He has no scope for his particular talents.施展自己特殊才能的机会。 n.眼界 He is a man of limited scope.
ü rival n. 竞争者；对手Faced with such a rival, he has little chance of winning. vt. 与…竞争；比得上某人No one can rival him in this respect. vi. 竞争 adj. 竞争的He stopped to examine the beans of a rival farmer.
ü resemble vt. 类似，像 Like dusk, again resemble dawn.像黄昏，又象拂晓。
ü dusk n. 黄昏;昏暗 adj. 微暗的vt. 使变微暗 The shadow dusked the light of the moon.那阴影遮住了月光。
ü reluctant adj. 勉强的；不情愿的She refused my invitation with a reluctant smile.
ü rein n. 缰绳；驾驭；统治；支配 vt. 勒住；驾驭；控制We must rein our emotions vi. 勒住马；控制He reined in his horse to a halt. You have to rein in your temper.
ü reinforce vt. 加固；补充；支援Let's go and reinforce them! vi. 得到增援；给予更多的支持The supply of raw material has been greatly reinforced.
ü removal n. 移动；免职；搬迁The removal of import license取消进口许可证 Such removal causes a readily measurable drop in the intensity of light.这种消失使光的强度发生一种很容易测出的跌落。readily adv. 容易地 intensity n. 强烈；强度；亮度；紧张 Well,it would be an intense competition.激烈的比赛
ü intensive adj.透彻的;加强的;集中密切的The results show that the relations are intensive.结果表明,两者之间存在密切关系。
ü scratch n.vt.vi. 抓痕；擦伤；刮擦声；乱写 Please scratch my back where I cannot reach.
ü scrape n.困境;擦痕 vt.刮;挖成to scrape the rust off the surface 将表层的锈蚀刮去to scrape one's chin刮胡子
ü scrape by／through勉强通过I can just scrape by on what my parents give me. 勉强度日
ü rust n. 锈；生锈；锈病 vt. 使生锈；腐蚀The rain has rusted the gate. vi. 生锈；变迟钝Iron exposed to damp air will rust.潮湿
ü screw vt. 旋，拧 to screw the switch on the wall把开关用螺钉固定在墙上 [俚语] to get screwed受骗vt.压榨；强迫We both screw people for money. n. 螺丝钉；螺旋 vi. 转动，拧The ball screwed and flew into the goal.
ü idle adj. 懒惰的；闲散的They didn't want to live idle lives. vt. 虚度；使空转；无所事事The strike idled many workers. I waited in the car while idling the engine. vi. Never let the brain idle.
ü indignant adj. 义愤的；愤愤不平的People felt indignant at this state of affairs.大家看到这种情形，非常气愤。
ü grieve vt. 使悲伤苦恼She is grieved for you. The boy's wrong actions grieved his parents. vi. 悲痛，哀悼She grieved at the thought of being parted from her family for so long.
ü identical adj. 同一的；完全相同的The identical world, the identical dream. n. 完全相同的事物
ü immense adj. 巨大的，广大的 And the money pouring in is indeed immense. 金钱流入量确实很巨大
ü altitude n. 高度 At what altitude are we flying? The plane flew to a very high altitude.
ü aggress vi. 攻击；侵略They aggressed upon the public property. 所有权；财产；属性 vt. 侵犯；挑畔In this year, the enemy aggress frontier.
ü aggressive adj. 好斗的；侵略性的；有进取心的；有闯劲的An aggressive young man can go far in our firm.公司
ü agony n. 极大的痛苦；苦恼；临死的挣扎She waited in an agony of suspense.悬念的煎熬中等待着。 Jack collapsed in agony on the floor.十分痛苦地瘫倒在地板上。
ü marvelous adj. 了不起的；令人惊异的；非凡的This time,he is a marvelous player. Yes,the autumn is marvelous here.
ü mental adj. 精神的；脑力的；疯的Praise is a mental tonic. 精神鼓励(滋补药)。
ü moist adj. 潮湿的；多雨的；含泪的 n. 潮湿 moisture n. 潮湿；水分；降雨量；湿度
ü vogue n. 流行，时髦；时尚give vogue to 使风行一时，使流行 in vogue正时兴，正在流行 out of vogue已不流行，过时 adj. 时髦的，流行的
ü convict vt. 证明…有罪；宣告…有罪He was convicted of murder. n. 罪犯Police are hunting an escaped convict.
ü commit vt. 把...交托给；使…承担义务；承诺commit yourself to constant improvement 承诺自己不断地进步vt. 犯罪，做错事 Hackers commit a wide variety of offenses.犯罪，进攻
ü boom vt.使兴旺The economy reform boomed many new cities. vi.发隆隆声；急速发展The cannons boomed. The frontier town boomed when gold was discovered nearby.边疆城镇 n. 繁荣 The boom of real estate drove estate advertising progress and grow. real estate 房地产
ü boost vt. 促进；增加；支援The information industry helps boost the global economy. vt. 宣扬 He always boost his company. vi. 宣扬；偷窃 n. 帮助；推动；宣扬This will be a great boost to the economy. 巨大的促进
ü ferocious 残忍的；惊人的The ferocious winds seemed about to tear the ship to pieces. 看来似乎就要
ü derive vt. 得自;源于He derives great satisfaction from his stamp collection vi. 起源Many English words derive from French. 起源，衍生
ü rage n. 愤怒;情绪激动He glared at me with rage. vi.发怒；(灾,病)流行；(风,浪)狂暴She raged against her husband for some household affairs.家庭琐事对丈夫大发雷霆 Flu raged throughout the city. 流行性感冒 The forest fire has raged for several days.
ü raid n. 袭击；突袭；搜捕；抢劫 vi. 对…进行突然袭击Many robbers raided on the jeweller's in the shopping centre. vt. 袭击，突袭They were going to raid Warsaw the next day. The police raided their gambling house.突然搜查
ü attain vt. 达到；获得；到达They fought against the tyranny to attain freedom.专政 to attain the age of ninety vi. 达到；获得；到达These trees attain to remarkable height. n. 成就
ü pluck vi. 拉,拽,扯vt. 摘,拔,扯He plucked a sheet of paper from his notebook.撕下一张纸 n. 勇气；快而猛的拉She showed a lot of pluck in standing up to her boss.顶撞 Somebody said that my short novels could stand up to Mark Twain's.媲美,经得起
ü dramatic adj. 戏剧的；引人注目的；激动人心的Life will change dramatically and move you in the right direction.
ü domestic adj.驯养的；家庭的；本国的；自家的 n. 佣人；国货
ü contend vi. 斗争；奋斗；争论They have to contend against draught every year. vt. 主张；为...斗争；坚决认为,断言The boy contended that he saw a ghost.
ü crisis n. 危机;危险期Every crisis is the best time to change. Learn as much as you can about the climate crisis. adj. 危机的；用于处理危机的
ü convey vt. 传达；让与；运输 A handshake can also convey respect. I can`t convey my feelings in words.
ü stuff n.东西; 材料He has got all the stuff ready for building his new house. vt.塞满; 填塞 The idea is to stuff every available space.
ü combat vt. 与…战斗;反对 vi. 战斗;搏斗;
ü barrier n. 障碍物，屏障;界线 vt. 把…关入栅栏
ü chill n.寒意;寒心 vi.变冷，变凉My heart chilled when I heard the bad news. adj.扫兴的;冷漠的;冷的chill space 冷藏区 vt.使变冷 to chill the meat
ü chase vt.雕镂;追捕;追逐The children are chasing one another among the bushes. vi.奔跑;追逐Those children are always chasing about, making a terrible noise.
ü clumsy adj. 笨拙的
ü confront vt. 遭遇,面对 We must confront the future with optimism. Life is a tragedy, confront it.悲剧 vt. 比较We should confront theory with practice.
ü coordinate n. 坐标;同等的人或物 adj. 同等的;并列的 vt.使协调You must coordinate the movements of your arms and legs when swimming.
ü dispute vt.质疑to dispute a proposal vt.阻止We disputed an advance of the enemy troops. vi. 争论We disputed with each other on various issues.
ü appeal vi.上诉;诉诸裁判 n. 上诉;诉诸裁判 vi.有吸引力；有感染力 His argument appealed to me. The red hat appeals to her.很合她的意 vi.呼吁，恳求I appeal to your sense of justice.
ü reveal vt.泄露;显示 n. 揭露；暴露；门侧，窗侧
ü embrace vt.拥抱; 包含He embraced his daughter tenderly. An encyclopedia embraces a great number of subjects.百科全书 vi. 拥抱Two lovers embraced.
ü assume vt.采取 He assumed the style of an aggressive go-getter. 进取能干老手 vt.承担 to assume an obligation vt.呈现The situation assumed a threatening character. vt.假定,臆断,想当然 Never assume that the specification is correct. 说明书 vt.装出,佯作to assume a humble manner谦卑的态度 vi. 装腔作势；多管闲事
ü insult vt.损害;辱骂foods that insult the stomach He insulted me by such a remark. n. 侮辱；凌辱；无礼
ü advocate vt. 提倡，主张，拥护She advocated higher salaries for teachers. n. 提倡者；支持者 The Chinese people are advocate of peace.
ü parallel n. 平行线；对比Their performance will be in parallel with an extra monthly bonus. vt. 使…与…平行This bird cannot be paralled for beauty.这鸟的美丽是无与伦比的 adj. 平行的；类似的，相同的The highway runs parallel with the railway.
ü undergo vt. 经历 The city has undergone many changes during the last ten years. vt.遭受，忍受The explorers underwent much suffering.
ü harsh adj. 粗糙的；刺耳的；刺目的Sorry about the harsh language. adj.严厉的；严酷的 We have almost harsh system of management.
ü render vt.着色;描绘 I can't render my thought accurately. vt.致使 His remark rendered me speechless. 言辞 vi. 给予补偿
ü remarkable adj. 卓越的；非凡的；值得注意的She showed remarkable courage and resolve. n.vi.vt.决心 resolve to do / be resolved to do
ü remark n. 言辞；注意 vt. 觉察Did you remark the difference between the twin sisters? vt.评论He remarked that … vi. 谈论
ü yield vt.生产,长(作物),结(果实) an orchard that yielded a good crop vt.(结果,利润)产生an investment that yielded high profits投资 vt.vi. 屈服,投降Our army refused to yield.
ü squeeze vt. 挤;紧紧抱握;勒索to squeeze juice from an apple He squeezed her to his breast and calmed her down. to squeeze one's property vi. 压榨,挤 to squeeze through a gap vt.vi.n. 缺口,间隙
ü concede vt.承认This dictionary is generally conceded to be the best in China. vt.退让,让步 They conceded some of their land to the enemy. vi. 让步The young man conceded without a contest.
ü capable adj. 能干的；有才华的Tom is a very capable driver. adj.能胜任的These instruments are capable of very high precision.
ü cease vt.vi. 停止；终了Heart will cease to beat when life ceases. Our factory has ceased producing bicycles. n. 停止We should work on without cease.短语:不停地
ü split vt.离开;分;劈开They went into the room by splitting the door.破门而入 A lightening splits the dark sky. Have you ever thought about your action? You'll split a perfect family. vi.离开;断绝关系 They split up into two teams.
ü vague adj. 不明确的；含糊的；模糊的；暧昧的You should not make vague promises. vague eyes vague standards
ü utter vt. 发出，表达；发射He could not utter a word. I didn't know who first uttered the truth. adj. 全然的；彻底的；无条件的A feeling of utter helplessness washed over him.一种全然无助的感觉涌上他的心头
ü utmost n. 极限；最大可能do one's utmost尽全力，竭力 adj. 极度的；最远的 make the utmost use of Relations between nations living “under one roof” need to be handled with the utmost sensitivity.极度小心
ü vanish vi. 消失；突然不见；[数]成为零Our hopes have vanished. All the good feelings will vanish.
ü stimulate vt. 刺激；鼓舞，激励to stimulate one's appetite to stimulate the development of the national economy The beautiful sceneries in the park sometimes stimulate our inspiration.灵感 vi. 起刺激作用；起促进作用
ü wax n. 蜡;蜡状物 vt. 给…上蜡
ü torture vt. 折磨；拷问；歪曲 They tortured the prisoner to death. They tortured my words.曲解 n. 拷问；折磨 the torture of waiting in suspense.
ü sake n. 理由；利益；目的Never say that again, for heaven's sake!看在老天的份上 John did it for his own sake. 为了自身的利益 He loves truth for its own sake.他为真理本身而爱真理 He argues for the sake of arguing.他是为争辩而争辩
ü tedious adj. 冗长乏味的；沉闷的Without this software the work is slow and tedious.
ü casual adj.临时的She has to get a casual work to subsist. 维持生活 adj. 偶然的 That is a casual chance. adj. 随意的This is a very casual and common way to greet someone. adj. 非正式的Casual Shirts 短语a casual visitor不速之客
ü expel vt. 喷出;驱逐;开除 The bullet was expelled from the gun. to expel an army of occupation from a country to expel a student from a college
ü offend vt. 冒犯;使…不愉快He was offended by her unreasonable quarrel.被无理取闹激怒 vi. 违反；进攻；引起不舒服Bad manners may offend.
ü isolate vt.使隔离;使绝缘The patient was immediately isolated. She is trying to isolate herself from the chaos surrounding her n. 隔离种群
ü regulate vt. 调节;有系统的管理;控制;校准 The temperature of the room should be regulated at all times.始终 We ought to regulate our daily life.
ü exaggerate vt. 使增大;使扩大exaggerated his own role in the episode.插曲,一个事件,片段 vi. 夸张；夸大a person who is always exaggerating
ü humble adj.谦逊的 In comparison with the Americans, the humble comunication style is favorable for the Chinese. vt.贬低 They tried to humble your importance in that achievement.
ü territory n. 领土;地域;范围 the territories of the Holy Roman Empire. This is my territory! Understand?
ü arbitrary adj. 任意的；武断的；专制的The diet imposes overall calorie limits, but daily menus are arbitrary.食谱规定了总的卡路里限制，但每天的菜单可据爱好自定 an arbitrary decision 一时兴起的决定
ü severe adj. 严厉的；苛刻的；剧烈的；严峻的 Competition for the job is very severe. If you do wrong, you deserve severe punishment.
ü spur n.鼓舞;刺激;促进剂This book is a spur to the child's imagination. vi. 骑马疾驰；给予刺激spur on/forward to the destination 疾驰而去 vt. 激励;鞭策He was spurred on by his friends when he failed the match. He spurred his horse to catch the last post.
ü tremendous adj. 极大的，巨大的；惊人的 It will be a tremendous exercise for you. The response to this competition was tremendous.反响惊人 Winning the scholarship gave her a tremendous lift.鼓舞
ü flex vt. 折曲;使收缩 He flexed his stiff arm slowly. vi. 弯曲;收缩 n. 电线;屈曲;松紧带
ü flexible adj. 灵活的;柔韧的;易弯曲的This bag is made of flexible leather. 柔韧的 I needed to find a simple and flexible way to design such a complex interface.灵活的
ü stiff adj. 硬的;僵直的;拘谨呆板的;僵硬的 a stiff neck a stiff current强海流 a stiff breeze强风 be stiff with cold冻僵 be stiff in manner态度生硬
ü infinite adj. 无限无穷的;极大的 The number of positive numbers is infinite. infinite importance非常重要 n. 无限;无限的东西(如空间,时间);无穷大
ü numerous adj. 许多的，很多的They claim that hypertension has numerous causes.高血压
ü primitive adj. 原始的;简单粗糙的 primitive weapons primitive societies n. 原始人
ü prohibit vt. 阻止