四六级词汇总结.doc

四级作文常见词汇分类表达
1、 时间使用
abandon oneself to 沉溺于
academic performance 学习表现，学习成绩
addictive a. 上瘾的
be addicted to 对…上瘾
alluring a.迷人的，吸引人的，诱惑的
a time filler消磨时间的事物
a waste of time and resources 消耗时间和资源
be obsessed with 沉迷于
be wasteful with 浪费
detract v.转移
discontinue one’s studies 辍学
efficiency 功率,功效
limited a.有限的,狭窄的
pass time/ kill time 消磨时光
skip classes 逃课
time-consuming 消耗时间的
squeeze time挤时间
2、 智力和才能
a learned person 知识渊博的人
ability of expression 表达能力
appreciate 欣赏，赏识
brightness 聪明，智慧
creative 创造性的
experience n./vt. 经验，体验，经历，阅历
experienced 富有经验的
high-quality 高质量的
innate 天生的，与生俱来的
intellectual a.理智的，知识的
put into great play 充分发挥
quality education素质教育
thinking pattern 思维模式
3、 青少年教育
abolish vt.废除
admission 入学
authoritative 权威的，有权威的
be determined by 由……决定
be enrolled in 入学
be out of line with practice 不切实际
business school 商学院
development of personality 个性发展
diversify 使多样化
duck-stuffing 填鸭式的
education institution教育部门
entrance examination入学考试
graduate school 研究生院
intensive training course 强化班
undergraduate students本科生
unhealthy competition 不正当竞争
vocational school职业学校
4、 工作与生活
workaholic 工作狂
client 客户
colleague 同事，同僚
concern vt.涉及，关系 n.关系,关注,关心
cost-effective 成本低的
employee 职工,雇员
employer 老板,雇主
have access to 可以利用
ideally 理想地,完美地
5、 文化与传统
aboriginal 土著的
absorb the quintessence 汲取精华
ancient 古代的，远古的
archeologist 考古学家
artistic value 艺术价值
be passed down 传递
cradle of culture 文化摇篮
cultural background 文化背景
diversity多样性
great and profound 博大精深的
language loss 语言消失
mother tongue 母语
open-minded 思想开放的
out of fashion 不流行的
6、 经济发展
a commercial enterprise 商业企业
be short of 缺乏
boycott foreign products 抵制外国产品
consumer消费者
declare bankruptcy 宣布破产
depression萧条
economic burden 经济负担
economic difficulty 经济困难
economic inequality经济不平等
expenditure 支出
financial crisis 经济危机
integration with the global economy 全球经济一体化
lad-off worker 下岗工人
mass production 大规模生产
means of circulation 流通手段
multinational corporation跨国集团
needy 贫困的，缺乏生活必须品的
overdraft n.透支
7、 科技进步
advanced 高级的，先进的
application应用，运用
clone technology 克隆技术
computer virus 计算机病毒
cultural penetration 文化渗透
cyber crime 网络犯罪
delightful 令人愉快的
entertainment 款待，娱乐，表演
ever-accelerated 不断发展的
immeasurable 不可估量的
irresistible 不可抗拒的
medium 媒体
multifunctional 多功能的
office automation 办公室自动化
online 在线
proficiency 熟练程度
rumor 谣言
self-centeredness 以自我为中心
social interaction 社会交往
social isolation 与世隔绝
virtual life 虚拟生活
web addiction 沉溺于上网
8、 环境与自然
absorb 吸收
accumulate vt.积累，堆积
acid rain 酸雨
acute disease 急性病
artificial precipitation 人工降雨
cope with 应付
cut down 砍倒
devastation 毁坏
doom n. 厄运，毁灭
drought 旱灾
energy crisis 能源危机
environmental awareness 环保意识
environmental pollution 环境污染
fatal disease 致命的疾病
fertile 肥沃的，富饶的
filter n.过滤器，v 过滤
flood 洪水，水灾
flow 泛滥
industrial waste 工业废料
intolerable 无法忍受的
irresponsible 不负责任的
natural disaster 自然灾害
over-fishing 过度捕捞
over-grazing 过度放牧
put the blame on 归咎于
renewable resources 可更新资源
resource exhaustion 资源枯竭
sewage purification 污水净化
sewage treatment 污水处理
shortage of fresh water 淡水短缺
shortage of natural resources 自然资源短缺
short-sighted 目光短浅的
waste disposal 废物处理
white pollution 白色污染
9、 体育赛事
a sporting event 运动赛事
advertising exposure 广告播放
amateur 业余的
athlete 运动员，运动选手
athletic skill 运动技能
backstroke仰泳
badminton 羽毛球
baseball棒球
basketball篮球
boxing 拳击
breaststroke 蛙泳
become associated with 与……有关联的
competitor竞争者
confrontation对抗
friendly relationship 友好关系
gender discrimination性别歧视
measurement 评价标准
promote friendly relationship增进友谊
sports talents 体育天才
10、职业
actor 男演员
actress女演员
announcer广播员
apprentice 学徒工
Like master, like apprentice.有其师，必有其徒。
architect 建筑师
artist 艺术家
astronaut 宇航员，航天员
attorney律师
baby-sitter保姆
baker 面包师
biologist生物学家
bookseller书商
botanist植物学家
clerk办事员
composer作曲家
craftsman 工匠
dancer舞蹈家
dentist牙科医生
designer设计师
detective侦探
director导演
druggist药剂师
economist经济学家
explorer探险家
fire fighter消防人员
guide 导游
headmaster 中小学校长
headmistress 中小学女校长
interpreter口译员
journalist杂志记者
model模特
photographer摄影师
pilot飞行员,领航员
playwright剧作家
salesman售货员,推销员
shopkeeper零售商,店主
supervisor监工,监理
physician内科医生
surgeon外科医生
zoologist动物学家

1.增补(Addition)
　　in addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, what`s more, similarly, next, finally.

　　2.比较(Comparison)
　　in the same way, likewise, similarly, equally, in comparison, just as

　　3.对照(Contrast)
　　whereas, in contrast, on the other hand, instead, however, nevertheless, unlike, even though, on the contrary, while

　　4.因果(Cause and effect)
　　because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result (of), accordingly, hence, so, thus

　　5.强调(Emphasis)
　　certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely, most important

　　6.让步(Concession)
　　although, though, after all, in spite of, nevertheless, still, provided, while it is true....

　　7.例证(Exemplification)
　　for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in other words, in this case, by way of illustration.

　　8.总结(Conclusion)
　　to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all, to put it in a nutshell, in summary

　　9.推断(Inference)
　　therefore, as a result(of), consequently, accordingly, so, otherwise

　　10.时间和空间(Time and space)
　　afterward, after, first, later, then, soon, outside, near, beyond, above, below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of

　　启
　　A proverb says...... At present.......
　　As the proverb says.... Currently.....
　　Generally speaking, .... Now,....
　　In general, ..... On the Whole....
　　It is clear that.... Recently.....
　　It is often said that.... Without doubt, .......
　　承
　　First(of all), ...... Moreover, .........
　　Firstly, ............ No one can deny that....
　　In the first place, ......... Obviously.....
　　To begin with, ......... Of course, .........
　　Also, ....... Similarly,.........
　　At the same time...... Therefore, we should realize that.....
　　Certainly...... There is no doubt that.......
　　In addition,..... What`s more, ..........
　　In fact........ It can be easily proved that...
　　Meanwhile......
　　转
　　But... Still, ......
　　But the problem is not so simple...
　　There is a certain amount of truth in this, but we still have a problem
　　with regard to.......
　　However, ....... To our surprise,..........
　　Nevertheless, ........ Unfortunately.......
　　On the other hand, .......
　　Yet difference will be found and that is why I feel that........
　　Others may find this to be true, but I do not. I think.....
　　合
　　Above all, In brief, ........
　　Accordingly, ..... In conclusion, ........
　　All in all, .......
　　In other words, it is hard to escape the conclusion that........
　　As a consequence, ......... In short, .........
　　As I have shown/said/stated/.... In sum, ........
　　In summary, ....... As has been noted, ....
　　Obviously, ......... By so doing, .....
　　On the whole, ..... Consequently, ........
　　Presumably, ....... Eventually, .........
　　To conclude, ...... Finally, ........
　　To sum up, ..... In a word, ......
　　To summarize, ........
高考英语作文常用词语和句型
一．开头用语：
良好的开端等于成功的一半．在写作文时，通常以最简单也最常用的方式---开门见山法。也就是说, 直截了当地提出你对这个问题的看法或要求，点出文章的中心思想。
１．议论论文：
A. Just as every coin has two sides, cars have both advantages and disadvantages．
B. Compared to/ In comparison with letters, e-mails are more convenient.
C. When it comes to computers, some people think they have brought us a lot of convenience. However,...
D. Opinions are divided on the advantages and disadvantages of living in the city and in the countryside.
E. As is known to all/ As we all know, computers have played an important role/part in our daily life.
F. Why do you go to university? Different people have different points of view.
2. 书信：
A. I am writing to you to apply for admission to your university as a visiting scholar.
B. I read an advertisement in today’s China Daily and I apply for the job...
C. Thank you for your letter of May 5.
D. How happy I am to receive your letter of January 9.
E. How nice to hear from you again.
3. 口头通知或介绍情况：
A. Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please. I have an announcement to make.
B. Attention, please. I have something important to tell you.
C. Mr. Green, Welcome to our school. To begin with, let me introduce Mr. Wang to you.
4. 演讲稿：
A. Ladies and gentlemen, I feel very much honored to have a chance here to make a speech on the subject -- A Balance Diet and Health.
B. Good morning everyone! Allow me, first of all, on behalf of all present here, to extend our warm welcome and cordial greeting to our distinguished guest.
二．并列用语：as well as, not only…but (also), including,
A. Not only do computers play an important part in science and technology, but also play an informative role in our daily life.
B. All of us, including the teachers / the teachers included, will attend the lecture.
C. He speaks French as well as English.=He speaks English, and French as well.=He speaks not only English but also French.
D. E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing an important part in daily communication.
三．对比用语：on one hand ,on the other hand, on the contrary/contrary to ..., though, for one thing ;for another, nevertheless
A. I know the Internet can only be used at home or in the office, but on the other hand, it is becoming more and more popular for much information as well as clear and vivid pictures.
B. It is hard work; I enjoy it though.
C. Contrary to what I had originally thought, the trip turned out to be fun.
四. 递进用语：even, besides, what’s more, as for, so…that…, worse still, moreover, furthermore; but for, in addition, to make matters worse
A. The house is too small for a family of four, and furthermore/besides/what’s more/moreover /in addition/worse still , it is in a bad location.
五. 例证用语：in one’s opinion, that is to say, for example, for instance, as a matter of fact, in fact, namely
A. As a matter of fact, advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life．
B. There is one more topic to discuss, namely/that is ( to say ), the question of education.
六. 时序用语：first/firstly, meanwhile, before long, ever since, while, at the same time
in the meantime, shortly after, nowadays,
A. They will be here soon. Meanwhile, let’s have coffee.
B. Firstly, let me deal with the most important difficulty.
七. 强调用语：especially, indeed, at least, at the most, What in the world/on earth.. , not at all ,
A. Noise is unpleasant, especially when you are trying to sleep.
B What in the world/on earth are you doing?
八. 因果用语：thanks to, because, as a result, because of/as a result of , without, with the help of..., owe ...to...
A. The company has a successful year, thanks mainly to the improvement in export sales.
B. As a result, many of us succeeded in passing the College Entrance Examinations.
九. 总结用语：in short; briefly/ in brief ; generally speaking, in a word, as you know, as is known to all
A. Generally speaking, sending an e-mail is more convenient than sending letters.
B. In short, measures must be taken to prevent the environment being polluted.
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