初中英语语法宾语从句试讲教案.doc

宾语从句教学设计
一、 导入
1. 复习什么是宾语。动词/介词后面的名词就是宾语。
I play basketball.
We are talking about our homework..
2. 宾语从句就是在宾语的位置上放一个完整的句子。
3. I love that I can earn some coupons.
板书：He knows me.
He knows what’s wrong with his wife.
说出2个句子的宾语。
说出2个句子的宾语是词（词组）还是句子。
第一个句子的宾语是一个词构成的，第二个句子的宾语是一个句子，我们称这种做宾语的句子叫宾语从句。在句子中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。其中 he knows 叫主句，what’s wrong with him是从句。
说出下面4个句子的主句和从句。
A．He said that he had a very good journey home.
B．He asked if /whether they had come.
C．He told me that the earth goes around the sun.
D．He asked me how he could get to the nearest post office.
总结：。。是主句，剩下的是由that，if，how引导的宾语从句。
初步认识了宾语从句，下面我们开始了解宾语从句的三要素
引导词（连接词）
语序
时态
1)从属连词that引导陈述句宾语从句，在口语或者非正式语中可以被省略
比如上面四句话中的A,C就是that引导的陈述句的宾语从句。如果省略掉that，该如何修改。（让学生口头修改）
A．He said that he had a very good journey home.
C．He told me that the earth goes around the sun.
2）由从属连词 whether, if 引导一般疑问句的宾语从句，表示“是否”，比如上面的B就是由if引导的宾语从句，
B．He asked if /whether they had come.
3）由连接代词 who,whom,whose,which,what, whoever, whichever, whatever 和连接副词 where, how, why,when引导的宾语从句
代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略，比如上面的D。
D．He asked me how he could get to the nearest post office.
注意：关于是否if/whether
.Whether,if 引导宾语从句：两词可互换，但是下列情形除外：
　　1)．whether从句中有or not
　2)．whether从句做介词宾语
　　3) whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.
　　4) 在不定式前只能用whether.
　　（如：I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。）
　5) 避免歧异时，我们常用whether而不用if.
Paper课堂
1. I asked her __________ she had a bike.
2. We’re worried about ________ he is safe.
3. I don’t know ________ or not he is well.
4. I don’t know _______ to go.

继续观察上面的四句话，请问宾语从句的语序有什么特点？（陈述句语序）不管原来的句子是陈述句，一般疑问句还是特殊疑问句，放在宾语从句里都是陈述句语序。
（板书）改写宾语从句。
陈述句Doctor Li is very patient.
It is well- known that _____.
一般疑问句Is Doctor Li very patient?
John wants to know __________(用if或者whether引导)
特殊疑问句How is Doctor LI?
John wants to know ____
练习
Part 1 课堂练习
（paper）
Mike gets up at seven in the morning.
He says that--- Mike gets up at seven in the morning
The teacher asks-- if Mike gets up at seven in the morning.
.The teacher asks what time--- Mike gets up in the morning.
我们已经了解了宾语从句的引导词和语序，下面我们来学习下宾语从句的时态。
（卡片，贴在上面时态的旁边）口诀：主现从任意 主过从过去 从真理用现在
一张paper发 朗读并且分析主句从句的时态
· 主句用现在时，从句可用任意时态。可归纳为“主现从任意”
Do you know what time the ship leaves?
Do you know when John was born?
Do you know if John has passed his exams?
· 主句用过去时，从句用过去的某个时态。可归纳为“主过从过去”
He said he had a very good journey home.
He asked if they had come.
3．主句用过去时，从句是科学真理、客观常识、名人格言时用一般现在时。
He told me that the earth goes around the sun.(自然真理客观现象)
He didn’t know that summer comes after spring when he was five years old.
注意：4情态动词could/would用于，“请求”，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句不受主句的约束。
Could you tell me where I can buy a pencil sharpener?
5主句是一般过去时，从句中有具体的过去时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。
· The teacher told me she was born in 1960.
· I heard that he went to Paris last night.
宾语从句的一些特殊句式
· 1动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后it为形式宾语，后跟名词或形容词作宾补，而真正的宾语——that从句则放在句尾）
We think it our duty that we should help others.
I find it impossible that he should finish the work in two days.
2.否定转移
若主句主语为第一人称且谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。
I think he won’t come here. ( )
I don’t think he will come here. ( )
2.当宾语从句的引导词正好做主语的时候，语序不变，比如常用的what和who
Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？
The small children don't know what is in their stockings
What’s wrong?（what was wrong）
What’s the matter?（what was the matter）
What’s happening? What happened?
eg:
I don’t know what’s the matter.
I don’t know what the matter is.(F)
Can you tell me who is over there?（who做主语）
Can you tell me who he is ? （who做表语）
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