阳极氧化工艺流程翻译.doc

Process flow and raw materials of aluminum and aluminum alloy anodic oxidation tinting
Procedure specification on aluminum and aluminum alloy anodic oxidation tinting
1. Procedure specification(line drawing)
Substrate → Mounted hanging → Degreasing → Alkaline etching → Neutralization → Anodic oxidation → Electrolytic coloring → Sealing → Electrophoretic coating → Curing → Unloading packaging → Warehousing
2. Mounted hanging:
2.1 preparations before mounted hanging.
2.1.1 Check the conductive parts like conductive beams and bars. They should be regularly polished, cleaned or repaired.
2.1.2 Get ready conductivity of aluminum and aluminum wire.
2.1.3 Check the pneumatic tools and related equipment.
2.1.4 Check whether or not requirements like length, count, color, thickness on the flow paper or production task list are consistent with the order drawing and actual materials.
2.1.5 Depending on the specifications (size of circumscribed circle, external surface area, etc.) to determine the count and space. To control the pigment spacing about 1.2 times than the horizontal width of the material shaped, and the white material spacing about 1 time than the width.
2.1.6 Choose the appropriate rack, and ensure that hook number of negative and positive hangers is the same with the count of materials shaped.
2.2 Mounted hanging:
2.2.1 When hanging, fix the topside one first, and then the bottom one, and then arrange the remaining sections in the middle, and tighten the screws.
2.2.2 Before hanging, placing one aluminum sheet between the material and aluminum screw p so that it can prevent poor conductivity impacting oxidation, coloring and electrophoresis.
2.2.3 When hanging, it is not allowed to hang all the materials in the lower or upper rack.
2.2.4 The hanged materials should recline more than 14 degrees in order to facilitate air exhausting in electrophoresis or coloring, and reduce the air bubbles.
2.2.5 When hanging, considering the facing of the decorative surface and groove to prevent the color shading, bubbles, pitting appearing in the decorative surface.
2.2.6 Like some flexible and easily deformed materials, put one more rack or aluminum wire in the middle to prevent friction between the materials or touching tank plate, and that may abrade or burn the surface.
2.2.7 When selecting vice-bar rack, the plug rod is preferred. When using aluminum banding, they must be evenly spaced, and the outcrops should be less than 25mm.
2.2.8 Materials with great disparity of cross-section size and shape are prohibited to hang in the same row.
2.2.9 When hanging and handling equipment, you must wear clean gloves, gently and well protecting the surface.
2.2.10 When hanging or handling equipment, workers should strengthen self-examination and cross-examination, the failure materials are non-mounted, and take appropriate measures to deal with the surface stained with oil or aluminum burrs
2.2.11 After eliminating unqualified ones, you must make them up in time by order.
2.2.12 In hanging area, materials should not be stored for too long time, to prevent corrosion of the surface.
2.2.13 Filling the hanging record and oxidation process card. Accurately calculating and fill in oxidation of each linked area, checking models, count and color by orders at any time.
2.2.14 Do a good job in shift procedures and keep the work area clean.

3. Preparation before oxidized production units:
3.1 Checking the level of the liquid in the process tank. According to test report card, to adjust the concentration of the bath solution and ensure that bath solution is always in line with technical requirements. Workers should frequently sweep the dirt from the bath solution.
3.2 Checking the vehicle, freezer, rectifiers, circulating acid pump, water pump, transfer cars, furnace and other equipment, any exception should be immediately solved.
3.3 Check PH (or conductivity) and cleanliness in the pure water washing tank and running water washing tank. If it does not meet the technical requirements, workers should change it and hydrating overflow.
3.4 Open the alkaline etching, hot pure water tank, sealing the steam or cooling water tank; open the oxidation tank, coloring tank and cooling system of electrophoresis tank to ensure the uniformity of bath solution and temperature complying with requirements.
3.5 Check the Roots blowers, exhaust blowers and exhaust fans. Before the production, they should be opened.
3.6 Carefully check the oxidation process card, specifically confirm the production requirements, and prepare the color palette.

4. General requirements for oxidation sets operation:
4.1 It is not allowed to hang t more than two hangings every time. And keeping a certain distance between the two hangings to prevent collision between the materials.
4.2 When materials hung into and hung out of the bath solution, they must be inclined to 30°.
4.3 Materials falling into the tank must be removed promptly and hung up in rafts, the damage ones must be promptly notified to group-to-order equipment to make them up.
4.4 In addition to alkaline etching and coloring, the sections should be hung out after the bath solution drained away to reduce the flow of waste and pollution.
4.5 When the hanging materials must cross other sections, the transferring ones must maintain the level of the degree to reduce the flow of liquid and pollute materials and conductive beam.
4.6 Each process should be promptly fill in the oxidation process cards, and sign them.

5. Degreasing:
5.1 Process Parameters
Composition of bath solution: acidic degreasing agent 2 to 3%
Temperature: room temperature
Degreasing time: 1 ~ 3min
5.2 Operating requirements:
5.2.1 Check process card, make production requirements clear. Materials with the same color, same model and same order or similar specification should be suspended into the degreasing tank simultaneously or preferentially, so that it can facilitate the operation the post-procedure.
5.2.2 When the degreasing is finished, the materials should be hung out of the tank, preventing the sand from the surface.
5.2.3 After degreasing, the surface should be well-distributed and wet, and the materials should be washed by Level 2 water then turned into the alkaline etching process.

6. Alkaline etching:
6.1 Process parameters:
Composition of bath solution: plain-surface alkaline etching, sand-surface alkaline etching
NaOH: 40 ~ 50g / l 45 ~ 60g / l
Additives (NaOH): 1 / 12 ~ 1 / 15 1 / 6 1 / 8
Temperature: 40 ~ 45 ℃ 45 ~ 55 ℃
Alkaline etching time: 1 ~ 3min 10 ~ 30min
6.2 Operating requirements:
6.2.1 When alkaline etching, the forced draught blowers and exhaust fans should be opened.
6.2.2 When alkaline etching is finished, materials should be hung out as soon as possible, finishing shedding immediately and transferring to the tank washing, so that it can prevent straying marking from the surface.
6.2.3 Strictly control alkaline etching process parameters, to ensure uniform quality of the surface after alkaline etching.
6.2.4 Post-alkaline-etching materials must be washed by Level 2 overflow. The remaining alkaline liquid should be fully cleared away, so that the raffinate can’t pollute other tanks.

7. Neutralization:
7.1 Process parameters:
Composition of bath solution: HNO3: 120 ~ 150g / l
Tank temperature: room temperature
Neutralizing time: 2 ~ 5min
7.2 Operating requirements:
7.2.1. When neutralizing, the materials should be moved up and down and anti-tilt, fully neutralizing exhaust liquor in the hole and remove appearing dust.
7.2.2 Post- neutralizing materials must be washed by Level 2 overflow, and turn to the anodizing tank.
7.2.3 The surface quality inspection should be strengthened to check the surface of the sand surface conditions, mottling, burrs, welding lines and other surface defects, for timely processing, reworking.
7.2.4 Regularly check screws are loose or not, to ensure good electrical conductivity.

8. Anodic oxidation:
8.1 process parameters:
Tank composition: H2SO4:150 ~ 180 g/l AL ion: 5 to 15 g/l
Tank temperature: 20 ± 1 º C
Oxidation voltage: 14 and 18 V
Current density: 130 ~ 150 A / ㎡
The oxidized time: according to requirements film thickness calculation.
8.2 Operating requirements:
8.2.1 Anodic oxidation must be open before:
(a) Rectifier cooling water.
(b) Bath circulation cooling system (cooling unit).
(c) Send the exhaust fan.
8.2.2 Anodic oxidation must be checked in advance: conductive copper conducting copper aluminum piece, hanging fixture and conductive beam in contact, and the situation of the conductive, should be often burnished.
8.2.3 Anodic oxidation must be opened before a conductive copper cooling water, check and conductive beam bending, whether the conductive bending beam must be replaced, in case of burn out the conductive and impacts anodic oxidation.
8.2.4 Before electricity oxidation, profile must be placed in middle of oxidation tank, ensure that with both side distances are the same.
8.2.5 Before electricity oxidation link up, driving hook must be taken off conductive beam hook, when the power and oxidation end, driving hook can hang conductive beam hook, in order to avoid short circuit, damage the equipment.
8.2.6 Anodic oxidation set the current density, oxidation method should accord to the oxidation area of profiles multiplied with the current density. Shading materials for the current density of oxidation must be controlled in 130 A / ㎡.
8.2.7 When Anodic oxidation, should often visited the voltage, current, temperature, etc. Various kinds of instrument, any abnormal should be promptly eliminated.
8.2.8 After Oxidation of profiles, should detect the film thickness, and make records, if film thickness can not reach the requirements, must be to prolong the oxidized time to film thickness to meet requirements.

9, Electrolytic coloring:
9.1 process parameters:
Bronze is golden brown department
Bath composition: SnSO4: seven to 10 g/l GD: 35 to 45 g/l
NiSO4 • 6 H2O: 20 ~ 30 g/l SeO2:8 ~ 10 g/l
Additives: Same amount with SnSO4 CuSO4:2 ~ 3.5 g/l
H2SO4:15 ~ 20 g/l 12 to 17 g/l
PH: 0.6 ~ 1.0 PH: 0.7 ~ 1.025 ℃
temperature: 15 ~ 20 ~ 25 ℃
Voltage: 14 to 18 V 14 to 16 V
Shading time: 20 S ~ 15 min 2 ~ 6 min
9.2 Operating requirements:
9.2.1 Maintain bigger slope when putting anodic oxidated profiles into color cell, and placed at the middle of poles, ensure equal polar distances.
9.2.2 When shading, driving hook must be taken off conductive beam hook, and rest for 0.5 ~ 1 minutes to color.
9.2.3 Shading voltage for the same kinds of color must be equal.
9.2.4 When bronze cell shading over, must be lifted immediately as soon as possible, flow bath, transfer to sink quickly, fully clean the acid water in the hole of profiles, use coloring board to compare, when color is too light, put it into coloring tank to electricity complementary color, when color is too deep, put it into coloring tank (no electricity) or acidic water behind of oxidation tank to fade (bronze series).
9.2.5 Because golden not fade, and shading time should not be too long.
9.2.6 The shaded profiles shall be washed adequately by level 2 water, then go on electrophoresis or hole sealing.

10, Sealing:
10.1 Process parameters:
Bath composition: Ni ion: 0.8 ~ 1.2 g/l, F ion: 0.35 ~ 0.6 g/l, PH: 5.6 ~ 6.5, pure dampening solution temperature: 20 ~ 30 ℃
Hole sealing time: oxidation film thickness (um) x 1.2 min around (subject to quality standards).
10.2 Operating requirements:
10.2.1 Profiles should be washed by pure water before sealing, in case the pollution of electrophoresis and sealing slots.
10.2.2 When profiles enter into sealing slots, should prevent hole sealing water from splashing into electrophoresis recycling tank.
10.2.3 Hole sealed profile after must be dried after being washed.
10.2.4 Sealed profile should be strictly prohibited to contact with oil, electrolyte and bare hands.
10.2.5 After sealing, should sport check the hole sealing quality, timely adjust hole sealing time, ensure that hole sealing quality to achieve the requirements, and prevent the over-sealing powder.

11, electrophoresis
11.1 process parameters:
Tank composition:
Solids: 5 ~ 8%
Solvent: 1 ~ 5%
Conductivity: 550 ~ 900μS/cm
PH: 7.6 ~ 8.0
Electrophoresis Voltage: 90 ~ 120V
Temperature: 23 ± 3 ℃
Electrophoresis time: 1 ~ 2min
11.2 operating requirements:
11.2.1 Before electrophoresis, the ones must be gone through one pure water, two hot water, three cold water washing, fully washing the acidic water and dirt in the material surface, hole and film hole.
11.2.2 Always check PH, conductivity and cleanliness in the three water, keeping PH> 5.5 in the water tank, the first pure water conductivity <120μS/cm, the second and the third water conductivity <60μS / cm, and often change the water.
11.2.3 Temperature of hot pure water tank should be controlled between 60 ~ 80 ℃.
11.2.4 Articles in hot water tank's time between 3 ~ 5min, after the hot water wash, should be fully dried and fully wiped to get conductive beam rid of oil and acid-base water. Keep special attention on cleaning and cooling of thick-walled tubular.
11.2.5 Temperature of Cold pure water washing tank should be maintained below 30 ℃. Articles that are washed in cold water should not be dried, preventing extra wave when electrophoresis.
11.2.6 Maintain the largest tilt when profiles are in the electrophoresis tank to facilitate the exclusion of air.
11.2.7 After put into the electrophoresis tank, articles should be placed in the central electrode, and ensure equal distance on both sides of the plate, and stand for one minute before electrophoresis.
11.2.8 When electrophoresis, circulating pump and electrophoresis recycling equipment must be turned on. The two pure water tanks should meet the following technical requirements:
The first pure water, the second one
Solids: <1.0% <0.3%
PH: 8.0 ~ 8.3 8.0 ~ 8.5
Conductivity: <100μS/cm <50μS/cm
11.2.9 Electrophoresis solution should open refined purification system at fixed period as for the increase of PH and conductivity to ensure the electrophoresis bath meet process requirements.
11.2.10 After electrophoresis, articles must be passed by two pure water.
11.2.11 Post-electrophoresis articles should be placed in the pre-dried area.
11.2.12 keep electrophoresis area clean, non-oil, no dust, no acid mist to pollute profiles and electrophoresis tank.

12, Curing:
12.1 process parameters:
Curing temperature: 180 ~ 200 ℃ Curing time: 30 ~ 45min
12.2 operating requirements:
12.2.1 Before curing, check oven and curing temperature measurement system, and regularly clean the curing oven.
12.2.2 When finished curing and cooled to room temperature, workers check the quality of the electrophoresis film.

13, unloading, packaging
13.1 Preparation for discharge
13.1.1 Check the storage rack, transport trolley, film machine, packaging mach