湖南省长沙县实验中学2013届高三英语二轮复习-书面表达复习重点话题指导专题05-环境保护话题指导(教师版).doc

湖南省长沙县实验中学2013届高三英语二轮复习 书面表达复习重点话题指导专题05 环境保护话题指导
【写作任务】
来自纽约的中学生Peter中国游玩时；品尝到了丰富多样且美味可口的中国菜肴。可他也发现许多小动物，包括一些世界珍稀动物，也是餐桌上的盘中之物。于是他便在博客中记述了此事，引起了世界各地中学生的讨论。请你写一篇英语短文，从世界环保的角度，谈谈对此事的看法和建议。
注意：要求词数：120-150。文章的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
Just as Peter said in his blog, Chinese food is rich and tasty._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
写作提纲确定以后，还要根据生活常识和个人理解，细致分析，确定需要表达的信息，如：1)“回应博客内容，引出话题”时需要涉及到：中国莱肴丰富多样、美味可口；而一些小动物，甚至是世界珍稀动物都成了盘中之物；2)分析问题时，可以说明：我国政府已经采取措施进行制止，但仍有人违法捕杀这些动物来出售给各饭店。3)提出个人观点“这种行为不正确”；4)分析论证自己的观点要从环保的角度来表达：动物是人类的好朋友，帮助保持生态平衡；—旦灭绝，地球将不适合居住；5)个人的建议要科学合理，如：人人参与，拒
食这些食物，才能帮助野生动物摆脱灭绝的危险。
Just as Peter said in his blog, Chinese food is rich and tasty. When he was traveling in China. he enjoyed all kinds of dishes, all of which were very delicious .However, he also found that many small animals, even the precious and rare ones in the world, appear in the Chinese dishes. But in fact. our government has taken measures to prevent people from doing so.
It's not right to eat such animals either in China or in any other country in the world. As friends of our human beings, animals help to keep the balance of nature. If we go on killing animals like this, the world will not be fit for us to live in in the future. Therefbre, all people, including travelers from all over the world should not order such dishes. Only in this way can we protect the wildlife and help the animals out of the danger of dying out.

appear改为appeared，因为此处缺宾语从句的谓语动词appeared，但不能使用动词原形。
3．画龙点睛：1)第一段的第二每作为回应博客内容，提出话题的引子，最好将人称改为第二人称，更容易增加内容；的亲和力，拉近与读者的距离。如 ：While travelin in China，you can enioy all kinds of dishes , all of which were very delicious。2)文章的末段提出个人观点，段首用in my opinion作为过渡就更好了。
【参考范文】
Just as Peter said in fils blog, Chinese food is rich and tasty. While traveling in China, you can enjoy kinds of dishes, all of which are very delicious. However, you may also find that many small animals. Even the precious and rare ones in the world, appear in the Chinese dishes even though our government has taken measures to prevent people from doing so.
In my opinion, it's not right to eat such animals either in China or in any other country in the world. As roads of our human beings, animals help to keep the blance of nature. Ifwe go on killing animals like this, world will nor be fit for us to live in in the future. Therefore, all people, including travelers from all over world, should not order such dishes. Only in this way can we protect the wildlife and help the animals of the danger of dying out.

实例指导2—教材循环使用
【写作任务】
在刚刚闭幕的两会上，两会代表就教材循环使用问题进行了热烈地讨论，下表是讨论的情况，请你就此表写一封150词左右的email，将此事告诉你的笔友Jack。开头和结尾已给出(不计入总词数)。

Dear Jack,
I’m very glad to tell you a piece of good news that the government will plan to recycle textbooks. There was a heated discussion among the representatives in our newly-ended state conferences.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Best wishes,

Yours,
Li Ming

2. 段落主题句：④有些代表持相反的观点。原因为：⑤学生没法在课本上做标记，会影响学习成绩。⑥不好操作
3. 段落主题句：⑦有些人既不同意支持方又不完全赞成反对方的意见。基本观点为：⑧可以先搞试点，积累经验。⑨循环使用非考试类科目用书，如音乐、美术等。
第三步 分析要点及提纲，提炼关键单词和短语。

要点序号
关键单词和短语
①
the supporters, save, more than 1.8 billion yuan
②
avoid, a waste of trees, prevent serious pollution
③
contribute to, an energy-saving society
④
some representatives, hold the opposite idea
⑤
make…impossible, write down, be likely to, have a bad effect on
⑥
the plan, hard, carry out
⑦
neither… nor, the opponents, absolutely
⑧
some trial areas, draw useful experience
⑨
some of the textbooks, aim at, instead of, such as

⑥The plan is hard to carry out.
⑦There are also some people neither for the supporters nor the opponents absolutely.
⑧They believe that it is wiser to recycling textbooks in some trial areas to draw some useful experience.
⑨Another good way is to recycle some of the textbooks that aren’t aimed at examinations instead of all of them, such as music and art.
第五步 恰当使用连接词，组句成篇。
高考英语书面表达评分标准中其中一项指标是“有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑，行文连贯，条理清楚。”根据这一要求，最后还要有效地使用语句间的连接成分，对译出的要点根据拟定的提纲进行合理组合，从而使文章过渡自然，浑然一体。

【参考范文】
Dear Jack,
I’m very glad to tell you a piece of good news that the government will plan to recycle textbooks. There was a heated discussion about this among the representatives in our newly-ended state conferences.
The supporters think recycling textbooks can save more than 1.8 billion yuan for our country each year, which undoubtedly contributes a lot to building an energy-saving society. What’s more important is that it can avoid a waste of trees and prevent serious pollution.
However, some representatives hold the opposite idea. One of the reasons they present is that recycling textbooks makes it impossible for students to write down their notes in the books, which is likely to have a bad effect on their study. And in practice, the plan is hard to carry out.
There are also some people neither for the supporters nor the opponents absolutely. They believe that it is wiser to recycling textbooks in some trial areas to draw some useful experience. Furthermore, another good way is to recycle some of the textbooks that aren’t aimed at examinations instead of all of them, such as music and art.
Best wishes,
Yours,
Li Ming
【教师点评】

【句型拓展】
类似的常用句型有：
1. A heated discussion was held on whether....
2. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.
3. A majority of people think that….
4. In their views, there are two factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place,….In the second place….
5. Some students think it's a good/bad idea to ....
6. They hold their view for the following reasons. Firstly .... Besides, ....
7. On the country, some others are against the idea. In their opinion, ....
8. At present, the whole nation is called on to build an energy-saving society..

实例指导3—植树造林
【写作任务】
树木对我们非常重要，每年的植树节都有很多树木因为疏于管理而难以成活。最近当地政府留出两块地用作春、秋植树，并提议一人捐赠25元用于树的种植及护理。请就此写一份倡议书，号召人们加入到这一

行动中来。字数：120-150
Ladies and gentlemen,
As we all know, trees are of vital importance for us. Not only do they absorb carbon dioxide to produce oxygen which is essential to the health of human beings, but also they can make our city beautiful. Furthermore, the climate can even be changed by planting trees.
However, to our disappointment, in spite of the fact that a great number of trees are planted in spring and autumn every year, few trees planted by green hands survive. Therefore, our government is appealing to every resident to donate twenty-five yuan to buy the young trees and support for each tree. 25 yuan, which is a small sum of money for you, makes a difference for a tree.
As far as I’m concerned, this is a good chance to make contributes to our city. At the same time, we can enjoy a greener and clearer environment. Why not join in our campaign?

要点序号
关键单词和短语
①
Trees，of vital importance. for us
②
Not only…but also…, absorb, carbon dioxide, produce oxygen, be essential to, the health of human beings, make our city beautiful.
③
The climate, change, by planting trees.
④
In spite of the fact that, a great number of, in spring and autumn, every year, few green hands, survive.
⑤
Our government, appealing to, every resident, donate, buy, support.
⑥
A small sum of, make a difference.
⑦
As far as I’m concerned, a good chance, make contributes to.
⑧
Enjoy, greener, clearer, environment
⑨
Why not, join in, campaign.
第四步 恰当使用句型，连词成句。

【参考范文】

Ladies and gentlemen,
As we all know, trees are of vital importance for us. Not only do they absorb carbon dioxide to produce oxygen which is essential to the health of human beings, but also they can make our city beautiful. Furthermore, the climate can even be changed by planting trees.
However, to our disappointment, in spite of the fact that a great number of trees are planted in spring and autumn every year, few trees planted by green hands survive. Therefore, our government is appealing to every resident to donate twenty-five yuan to buy the young trees and support for each tree. 25 yuan, which is a small sum of money for you, makes a difference for a tree.
As far as I’m concerned, this is a good chance to make contributes to our city. At the same time, we can enjoy a greener and clearer environment. Why not join in our campaign?

【教师点评】
该文章讲述了树木对人类的重要性、捐资种树的必要性，使作者的倡议有理有据，更具有说服力。该文过渡自然，使用了多个过渡词（加粗），短语（下划线）及句型（斜体）也运动的很恰当。语气委婉，句意连贯，层次分明使得该文又有较强的可读性，能吸引读者。
【句型拓展】
类似的常用句型有：
1. If all those trees had survived, the city would have become a garden
2. Deforestation now accounts for about 20% of carbon dioxide emissions each year.
3. A single tree will absorb one ton of carbon dioxide over its lifetime.
4. Shade provided by trees can also reduce your air conditioning bill by 10 to 15%.
5. Since we can get so much from making our cities greener, we should spare no effort to do that.
6. Experts have come up with proper advice on protecting such cultures.
7. Recent efforts toward the greening of our cities have achieved much, although the results are still far from satisfactory.
8. For example, the green space available on average to each Shanghai citizen is only 0.4 Mu while every

实例指导4—建设绿色校园
【写作任务】
校刊《英语角》为配合学校创建“绿色校园”的工作，开展了“创建绿色学校英语征文活动”， 请根据下列提示用英语写一篇征文稿，内容如下;
存在现象

1．浪费水电
2．乱扔可回收的饮水瓶、旧书本等；
3． ……
个人看法和建议
1． 对学生进行环保教育。
2． 从关灯、回收废物等小事做起。
3．……

注意：1.词数120―150 左右。
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【写作指导】
环保是当今社会比较热门的话题之一，也是人们关注的焦点。森林被破坏，大气、海
洋等受到严重污染，许多动物濒于灭绝，而人类却一味地掠夺自然，使整个自然环境伤痕
累累，不过人们已经认识到破坏自然所带来的严重后果，环保意识不断加强，一系列的环
保措施也应运而生了。此类话题也以不同的形式出现于高考试题中，尤其是写作题。我们
也应顺应时代潮流把握好此类话题的试题。那么如何才能写好环保话题的英语作文呢?

●环保类话题作文写作指导及模板
1．此类话题的作文是常以描述、说理等为主的记叙文或议论文；
2．文章可先摆出恶劣的现状(河流污染、森林破坏、水土流失、大气污染、气候恶化等)
以及人们掠夺自然的种种行为；或者采用比较的方式，对比以前美好环境和现在环境的满目疮痍；
globalwarmine全球气候变暖；naturalecosysterms自然生态系统：raise the environmental awareness ofthe public提高全民环保意识；policy of prevention first and integrating prevention with control预防为主、防治结合的政策：protect forests komover-exploitation防止过度开采森林；conservation of water and soil 水土保护……
【参考范文】
The Green School Project has become environmental education in our school. However, still a lot of problems in the school.
Very often you come across an empty classroom wire the lights still on. It's not difficult to find evidence of wasting water, a very serious problem. Additionally, students do not recycle enough, throwing away the soft drink bottles, used exercise papers and books. Worse still, many students still use non-environmental friendly lunch boxes, which cause "white pollution".
These things show that many students lack a sense of environmental awareness. It's important to educate students to be more environmentally friendly. At the same time, students can do small things, such as collect used items for recycling.

实例指导5—Animals in Danger
写作任务：
以下图表是根据某调查报告对某地生态遭破坏情况进行的分析，请结合图表内容，写一篇120-150词的短文，粘贴在你的英语网络日志上，以引起人们的关注。文章的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。

症状
图示
处方
乱砍滥伐森林火灾导致森林面积缩减

设立自然保护区(natural reserve)开发生态旅游(ecological tour)
非法捕猎、大量屠杀导致部分野生动物灭绝

惩罚非法捕猎行为增强保护意识

Recently, a survey has been done to find out how nature was destroyed in some area.
________________________________________________________________
____________________
【写作指导】
1. 本写作任务要求就图表内容写一篇短文,审题非常关键,图表中所有信息都应该为主题(Animals in Danger)服务。切忌偏离主题,防止过多描写自然环境遭破坏的情形等。根据以上分析,本文内容应包括如下要点:
(1)乱砍滥伐+ 森林火灾→森林面积缩减→动物失去生存之地
(2)非法捕猎+ 大量屠杀→部分野生动物灭绝→动物处于危险之中
(3)采取措施:设立保护区、开发生态旅游+惩治非法捕猎行为、增保护意识
(4)个人见解:进一步采取措施来拯救动物,以利于人类生活
2. 将以上信息用英语句子表达出来,注意表达的准确性,要选用丰富的词汇和结构稍复杂的句子,提高文章的质量。例如：
初稿:
Recently, a survey has been done to find out how nature was destroyed in some area and I find a lot of animals are in danger. There are two reasons for this. On the one hand, unplanned cut trees and many fires caused the decrease of the forest, making many animals lose their homes to live. On the other hand, many animals are being killed illegally so that some of them are in danger of dying out in the world.
    Some measures should be taken to stop this from happening again. Firstly, natural reserves should be set up and ecological tours should be developed. Secondly, all the illegal hunting should be punished. Most of all, people should be aware of the importance of animal protection. Only in this way can we save nature and animals, it is of great value to human beings.
教师点评:
1. 初稿表述较全面,覆盖了大部分内容要点,运用了一些较复杂的语法结构和词汇。此外,文章还注意到了语句间的衔接,行文连贯,过渡比较自然。
2. 表达中存在的错误和不足:
(1)在On the one hand, unplanned cut trees and many fires caused the de-crease of the forest, making many animals lose their homes to live.一句中,主语unplanned cut trees应该改为动名词短语unplanned cut-ting trees；句末的动词不定式to live修饰homes,缺少介词in。
成稿:
Recently, a survey was done to find out how nature was destroyed in some area. As we can see from the diagram, a lot of animals are in danger now. I think there are two reasons for this. On the one hand, unplanned cutting trees and many fires caused the decrease of the forest, making many animals lose their homes to live in. On the other hand, many animals have been killed illegally and as a result, some of them are in danger of dying out. In my opinion, something should be done to stop this from happening again. Firstly, natural reserves should be set up and ecological tours should be developed to protect animals. Secondly, people who hunt illegally should be punished. But the most important thing is that people should be made aware of the importance of animal protection. Only in this way can we save nature and animals, which is of great value to human beings.
实例指导6—太湖工业垃圾污染
写作任务:
据报道,近年来太湖遭到工业垃圾的严重污染,水质不断恶化。加之今年4月以来,太湖流域高温少雨,被污染的湖水和这种气候条件极其适宜蓝藻的生长,以致6月蓝藻在太湖大规模生长。蓝藻腐烂后,湖水散发出刺鼻的臭味,无锡市太湖饮用水水源地也受到了严重影响。请根据这篇报道写一篇120词左右的英语短

文,投给某英文杂志社,题目是"Algae Outbreak in Lake Tai and Environ-mental Protection"。
参考词汇:
algae n.蓝藻
ecological adj.生态的
Algae Outbreak in Lake Tai and Environmental Protection
Terrible algae broke out in June in Lake Tai. It is famous for its beautiful scenery and clear water. The water was smelly after the algae died, which had a bad effect on the drinking water supply for millions of people in Wuxi City. Why did algae grow so much? There are two main reasons for the disaster of algae. One is that factories sent waste water directly into the lake, so the lake water was seriously polluted. The weather is the other reason. Since April of this year, it has been hot and seldom rains. It is suitable for algae to grow a lot in the hot wea