2023年浙江省1月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码.doc

浙江省2023年1月高等教育自学考试
语言与文化试题
课程代码：00838
第一部分 选择题
I.Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement (20%).
1.The medium of verbal interaction is ( ).
A. language B. thought C. culture D. knowledge
2.( )is the first week day after Christmas, a legal holiday in English, Wales, Northern Ireland, New Zealand, Australia and South Africa.
A. Thanksgiving Day B. Boxing Day
C. St. Valentine's Day D. Anzac Day
3.“( )” is the general introduction rule in English culture.
A. To introduce the older to the younger
B. To introduce the host to the guest
C. To introduce the inferior to the superior
D. To introduce a woman to a man
4.( )is a very wise man, the king of the Hebrews around the tenth century B.C. and was well-known for his wisdom.
A. A Solomon B. The old Adam
C. A Judas D. Jesus
5.The Bible was originally written in ( ).
A. Latin B. English C. Hebrew D. Arabic
6.“He ran out of ideas” illustrates the metaphor that “( )”.
A. Ideas are commodities B. Ideas are money
C. Ideas are fashion D. Ideas are resources
7.( )becomes an “underachiever” in English euphemisms related to education.
A. A “slow student” B. The student who “cheats in class”
C. The student, who lie or steal D. A “lazy student”
8.( )refers to drawing a general conclusion from a number of known facts.
A. Deduction B. Induction
C. Directness D. Indirectness
9.“The weather cleared just as the party approached the summit. Until then they had seen nothing of the panorama around them” demonstrates ( ) relation between the two sentences.
A. an additive B. an adversative
C. a casual D. a temporal
10.The proverb “Each cross hath its own inscription” is related to( ).
A. the history of England B. individualism
C. Christianity D. Bible
11.The distance zone ranging from 8 feet to the limits of one's vision and hearing is referred to as the ( ) zone.
A. intimate B. casual-personal
C. socio-consultative D. public
12.“Crossing one's forefinger and middle finger” signifies ( ) in English speaking countries.
A. good luck B. Sadness
C. respects D. secrecy
13.In American English “Totem” is a loan word from ( ), meaning “图腾” in Chinese.
A. Dutch B. Indian language C. German D. French
14.The word in American English for “pyjamas” is “pajamas”, meaning ( ) in Chinese.
A.侏儒 B.金字塔 C.睡衣 D.预感
15.“( )” can be an example to illustrate the feature floor by way of staircase.
A. Would you mind going upstairs right away, please?
B. Time you all go upstairs, now.
C. Visitors should go up the stairs at once.
D. Visitors should make their way at once to the upper floor by way of staircase.
16.In business English “in the black” means( )
A. running a business with no money
B. running a business with bad fortune
C. running a business profitably
D. running a business at a loss
17.“She drives me out of my mind” illustrates the metaphor about ( ).
A. love is madness B. love is war
C. love is magic D. love is a patient
18.In English individualistic culture, one should not bother Englishmen without a good reason and making appointment beforehand seems to be important. It is best reflected by an English proverb ( ).
A.an Englishman's house is his castle
B. as welcome as a storm
C. do not wear out your welcome
D. outstay one's welcome
19.“To know something like the palm of one's hand” means( ).
A. to understand the nature of something and be competent in the performance of them
B. to understand everything without any question
C. to understand only something easy
D. to be thoroughly familiar with the nature and details of something
20.“Alexander” means ( ) in Chinese.
A. 勇敢 B. 人类的保护者 C. 亚力山大 D. 统帅
II.Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternative can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer (10%)
21.The relationships between language and thought are ( ).
A.Thought is communicated in language
B. Language represents thought
C. Language is influenced and shaped by thought
D. Without language, thought can't be communicated
22.When English speakers part they usually say: “( )”.
A. So long B. Stay here please
C. Walk well, please D. See you later
23.In the following proverbs, ( ) are related to Greco－Roman civilization
A. Marry in May, repent always
B. From his foot, you may know Hercules
C. Each cross hath its own inscription
D. One falls into Scylla in seeking to avoid Charybdis
24.People's ( ) are topics that are considered by English speakers too personal to talk about.
A. age B. punctuation
C. political and religious beliefs D. marriage
25.In Chinese culture, ( ) are often used as brand names.
A. personal names of historical figures B. plant names
C. flower names D. place names
26.In English ( ) are derivational morphemes
A. all the prefixes
B. all the suffixes
C. those suffixes that don't represent the grammatical categories
D. those word endings represented the grammatical categories
27.In English culture “young” is often associated with ( ).
A. flexible B. Vigorous C. creative D. inexperienced
28.In English culture people often ( ).
A. put the more important information before the less one
B. put the less important information before the more one
C. put the more specific information before the less one
D. put the less specific information before the more one
29.( ) illustrate(s) the metaphor that love is physical force.
A. They are attracted to each other
B. His whole life revolves around her
C. The atmosphere around him is always changed
D. There is incredible energy in their relationship
30.In black and white means ( )
A. something in writing
B. something in print
C. something absolutely wrong or right
D. something very distinctive

第二部分 非选择题
III. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (12%)
31. is the supreme legislative body of the U.K. It comprises the sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.
32.Branching sentence patterns are preferred in English, while are preferred in Chinese.
33. “A white room” means “ ” in Chinese.
34.“Nike”, which is in Greek mythology, is a brand name of a kind of sports shoes.
35.The euphemisms for the word “ ”are “needy”, “underprivileged” and “disadvantaged”.
36. “Surprise attacks” against an enemy have now become as an euphemism.
37.The English equivalent for “对学生进行填鸭式教育” is .
38. “Knowledge is power” is from the great British thinker .
39.It's quite common for English speaking friends to pay respectively for what they have had in a restaurant. There is an English proverb related to it .
40.The subjunctive is typically represented by “should” and a verb in its form.
41.The direct English speaker prefers the word order in which the head precedes the or the main clause precedes the subordina
te clause.
42.The word in American English for “booking office” is .
IV.Answer the following questions briefly.(12%)
43. What are the differences between “similes” and “metaphors”?
44. How do English speakers respond to thanks?
45. Where is the prefix “micro” from?
46. And what is racist language? Can you cite some examples?
47. What is “Chauvinism” about?
48. What is the general rule for introduction in English culture?
V.Translation (16%)
49. Besides football, the most popular games in the United States are baseball and basketball.
50. He breathed his last and was buried in the churchyard.
51.That idea went out of style years ago.
52. That young man is a bear at mathematics.
53. Even reckoning makes long friends.
54. 请赐教。
55. 久仰大名。
56. 金无足赤，人无完人。
VI.Define the following terms: (10%)
57. homophones
58. Pandora's box
59. propaganda
60. a Shylock
61. allusions
VII.Discuss the following topics: (20%)
62. What are the five gestures?
63.What can you find cross-cultural differneces in terms of humility between English and Chinese?

浙江省2023年1月高等教育自学考试
语言与文化试题参考答案
课程代码：00838
I.Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement (20%).
1. A 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C
6. B 7. D 8. B 9. D 10. C
11. D 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. C
16. C 17. A 18. A 19. D 20. B
II. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternative can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer (10%)
21. ABCD 22. AD 23. ABD 24. ABCD 25. ABCD
26. AC 27. ABC 28. AC 29. ABCD 30. ABC
III.Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (12%)
31. Parliament 32. linear sentence patterns
33. 绝尘室 34. the goddess of victory
35. poor 36. preemptive strikes
37. to spoon—feed our students
38. Francis Bacon
39. even reckoning makes long friends
40. mandative
41. modifier
42. ticket office
IV.Answer the following questions briefly. (12%)
43. The differences are that the functions words “like” and “as” are used in similes rather than in metaphors. Similes say one thing is like or as another, while metaphors say one thing is another.
44. When responding to thanks, English people use ‘It’s my pleasure', ‘Not at all’, ‘You are welcome’ etc.
45. The prefix ‘micro’ is from Latin.
46. Racist language is the language that shows a biased attitude towards certain racial or ethnic groups, such as nigger for a black person.
47.It is about exaggerated and aggressive patriotism, after Nicolas Chauvin.
48.The general rule is to introduce a young person to an older one, a man to a woman, an inferior to a superior, the guest to the host.
V. Translation (16%)
49. 在美国，最流行的运动除了橄榄球就是棒球和篮球。
50. 他咽下了最后一口气，并被埋在了教堂里。
51. 这种想法几年前就不流行了。
52. 那个年轻人的数学很好。
53. 明算帐，友谊长。
54. Please be so kind as to give me some advice.
55. I have heard a lot about you.
56. There are lees to every wine.
VI. Define the following terms: (10%)
57. Homophones refer to words that are pronounced alike but written differently and with different meanings.
58. a prolific source of troubles derived from the box sent by the gods to Pandora, which she was forbidden to open.
59. It means no more than giving publicity to something.
60. a cruel, greedy, money-grabbing person from Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice.
61. allusions refer to implied or indirect references often used to enrich people's speech or writing and make communication easier.
VII. Discuss the following topics: (20%)
62.Gestures can be classified into five categories: emblems, illustrators, regulators, affect displays, and adapters.(3) Emblems can fully take the place of spoken words such as the “salute” gesture and “OK” gesture.(2) Illustraors are used to help illustrate something such as “pointing”. Regulators refer to body movements that help us interact with other people. Affect displays involve facial expressions as well as postures.(2)Finally, adapters are highly unintentional,referring to responses towards boredom, stress or negative feelings towards something or ourselves.(3)
63.Terms of humility are used to show the speaker's modesty.(2) Chinese, especially the elderly and well-educated people,tend to express their modesty which is considered a high virtue in our society. So terms of humility are heard frequently in Chinese.(3) In contrast, there are few terms of humility in English.(2) The editorial “we” is often used to avoid sounding egotistical. So it is very important for Chinese learners of English to “forget” or ignore terms of humility when using English for communication.(3)