Unit8-语法专练：可数名词及不可数名词.doc

Unit8 语法专练：可数名词和不可数名词
一、单项选择
1. —What do you have for breakfast?
—I often have _______ or ______.
A. breads; noodles B. bread; noodles C. breads; noodle D. bread; noodle
2. —What would you like to drink, girl?
—_______, please. A. Two cup of coffee B. Two cups of coffee
C. Two cups of coffee D. Two cup of coffees
3. There are a lot of _____ in our school. They work very hard.
A. woman teachers B. women teachers C. womans teachers D. woman teacher
4. There are some ______ in those ______. A.knifes,pencil-box B.knives, pencil-box C.knives, pencil-boxes D.knifes, pencil-boxes
5. Here’s some ______. Have it, please.
A. rice B. eggs C. oranges D. pears
6. He likes to eat ______ and ______.
A. ice cream, tomatoes B. chickens, bananas Csalad, tomatos Dpears, breads
7. You’d better do morning _______ every day. It’s good to have lots of ______.
A. exercise; exercise B. exercises; exercise C. exercise; exercises D. exercises; exercises
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. There is much ______ (juice) in the bottle.
2. ______ (sandwich) are my favourite food.
3. We all have two ______ (foot).
4. What are those ______ (policeman) doing over there?
5. There are four ______ (Japanese) and two ______ (German).
6. He gives me some ______ (money) as a reward(奖赏).
Unit8 单元必考知识点汇编
三，1.—Dad, I want to watch the sports news. Could I ______ the TV?
—Of course you can. （海南）
A. turn on B. turn off C. turn down
turn on“打开”,turn off“关上”；turn down“调低”
2.—_____ people visited 2010 Shanghai World Expo every day?
—About 300, 000. （浙江温州）
A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How often
how many提问可数名词数量，how much提问不可数名词数量或价格；how long提问时间或物体的长度；how often提问频率.
3. Student should learn how _______ problems. （四川雅安）
A. solve B. solving C. can solve D. to solve
“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语
4.—How do you study for a test?
—_____ working with friends. （四川德阳）
A. By B. With C. On
how在此处询问的是一种方式，by“通过；以（某种方式）”,with“用（某种工具）”；on“关于。
5. ______ English well, one must have a lot of practice.（山东聊城）
A. Speaks B. To speak C. Spoken D. Speak
动词不定式短语在此作目的状语.
四，单项选择
1. (2014贵州贵阳中考) “Lily, let’s make vegetable salad. How many ______ do we need?” “One is enough.”
A. oranges B. potato C. tomatoes
2. (2014四川凉山中考) —Where are you going, Sam?
—There isn’t any ______ in the fridge. I’ll go and buy some.
A. vegetables B. beef C. eggs D. money
3. (2015四川广安)—How many ______ can you see in the picture?
—Two.
A. dog B. child C. sheeps D. sheep
4.(2013山东济南)—Jenny, I need some milk.
—OK, Mum. ______ do you need?
A. How much B. How many C. How often D. How long
5.(2013甘肃白银)“______ exercise every day, my son. It’s good for your health.” Dad often said to him.
A. Takes B. Taking C. Take D. To take
6. (2014江苏盐城) People usually like the TV channels with funnier programmes but ______ advertisements.
A. few B. little C. fewer D. less
7. (2016山东泰安) —What do you prefer for lunch, darling?
—I’d like ______ such as tomatoes, carrots or cabbages.
A. meat B. eggs C. vegetables D. fruit
8. (2015兰州市) I paid ￥10 for _______ this morning.
A. 4 bottle milks B. 4 bottles of milk C. 4 bottles of milks D. 4 milk
Unit8 易混淆单词和短语辨析
辨析：add ... to...，add to, add up, add up to
add…to…
意为“把……加到……上，把……加到……中”。如果to的宾语在上文中已经提到，则可省略to和宾语。
add to
意为“增加，增添”。
add up
add up意为“把……加在一起”。
add up to
意为“加起来共计”
如：The soup is too salty. Please — some hot water (to—the soup).这汤太咸了。请(往汤里)加一些热水。 Your coming ——our pleasure.你的到来增加了我们的快乐。—— these figures, please.请把这些数字加起来。The bills ——— exactly 100 dollars.这些账单加起来正好100美元。辨析： finally, at last, in the end
finally
表示某一动作发生的顺序是在“最后”，无感情色彩，多用于过去时。
at last
往往表示经过一番努力或曲折的过程，也可用来表示“等候或耽误了很长时间之后才……”，常常带有较浓厚的感情色彩，语气比较强烈。
in the end
表示经过许多变化、困难或捉摸不定的情况之后某事才发生， 有时可与finally互换，其反义词组是in the beginning。
如：Finally they finished the work.最后他们完成了这项工作。
She has come at last.她总算来了。
We found his house in the end.我们终于找到了他的家。
1. 辨析：turn on, open
turn on
打开，通常指打开水龙头、煤气及电视、电灯、电脑、收音机等电器的开关，反义词组为turn off(关掉）。
open
表示“开，打开，开启”，指打开门、窗、箱、盒、书等物品，反义词为close。open还可以作形容词，表示“开着的，睁着的”。
如：Please ——the TV. I want to see the news.请打开电视。我想看新闻。
He can’t wait to —the box.他等不及要打开这个盒子。
She’s not asleep and her eyes are —. 她没睡着，她的眼睛是睁着的。
Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?
一、词组、短语：

1、milk shake 奶昔，
2、turn on打开，
3、 pour into 倒入，
4、a cup of yogurt 一杯酸奶，
5、 a good idea 一个好主意，
6、on Saturday 在星期六，
7、 cut up 切碎，
8、put into 放入，
9、one more thing 还有一件事，
10、a piece of一片/一张/一块，
11、at this time在此时，
12、a few 几个，
13、fill…with… 用…装满，
14、cover…with… 用…盖住，
15、one by one一个接一个，
16、a long time长时间，

二、习惯用法、搭配

1、How many + 可数名词复数
2、How much + 不可数名词，
3、let sb. do sth.让某人做某事，
4、want to do sth.想要做某事，
5、forget to do sth. 忘记要做的事情，
6、how to do sth.怎样做某事，
7、There are many reasons for 某事有几个原因/理由，
8、 一段时间 +ago ，
9、by doing sth.
10、need to do sth. 需要做某事，
11、make + 宾语 + 形容词 ，
12、It’s time(for sb) to do sth某人该做某事的时间到了。
13、First…Next…Then…Finally

三、重要句子
Turn on the blender.启动搅拌器， How do you make a banana milk shake?你怎样做香蕉奶昔？
How many bananas do we need? 我们需要几个香蕉？How much yogurt do we need?我们需要多少酸奶？
Now, it’s time to enjoy the rice noodles!啊，该品尝大米面条。
语法：
How do you make a banana milk shake? First, peel the banana.
Next, put the banana in the blender.
Then, pour the milk into the blender.
Finally, turn on the blender.
Countable nouns Uncountable nouns
How many bananas do we need? How much yogurt do we need?
We need three bananas. We need one cup of yogurt.

四，主谓一致15个常考点：
1． 表示时间，重量，数目，价格，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，尽管他们是复数形式，但如果把这些复数形式的词或短语看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。
Two months is quite a long time. Twenty dollars is enough.
2． 动词不定式，动名词，从句或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
To see is to believe. It is not easy to master a foreign language.
3． 由and连接两个成分作主语时，要根据其表示的意义来决定谓语动词的形式。如果其表示的是一个整体的概念或指的是同一事物，谓语动词用单数，如果其表示的是两个不同的对象时，谓语动词用复数。
The writer and the teacher are coming.
The poet and teacher is one of my friends.
4． 集合名词people，police一般看作复数意义，其谓语动词用复数。另外一些集合名词family，class等作主语时，谓语动词是用单数还是复数，要根据这些词在句中的实际含义而定。当他们表示的是整体意义时，谓语用单数；当他们强调个体成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。
In England, people eat fish and chips.
The Chinese people（民族）is a great people，but the Chinese people are brave and hard-working people.中华民族是个伟大的民族，而中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
5． 名词性物主代词mine，yours，his，hers， its，ours，theirs等作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于该代词所表示的意义是单数还是复数。
His parents are young, but mine are old.
6． 以s结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，如news，physics，politics等。
No news is good news. Physics is the most difficult subject for him.
7． 由or，either…or…，neither…nor…，not only…but also…等词连接名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的数和最接近的主语一致。
Neither you nor Li Hua has been to Shanghai before.
8． 以there，here开头的句子，若主语不止一个，其谓语动词的形式和邻近的那个主语一致。
There is a table and four chairs in the room.
Here are some books and paper for you.
9． trousers，clothes，glasses，compasses，chopsticks等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。但如果前面有a pair of短语时，谓语动词用单数。
Jim’s trousers are brown. The pair of glasses is Mr. Green’s.
10． 由“a lot of/lots of/plenty of+名词”或“分数+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数根据名词的单复数而定。
A lot of people have been to London.
Three-fifths of the water is dirty.
11． “a number of +复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数；“the number of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
A great number of birds fly to the south in winter.
The number of lions does not change much if people leave things as they are.
12．代词something，anything，nothing，everyone，anybody，nobody，each，neither，either，little，much，one等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Neither of us is a boy。
Each of them has an English dictionary。
One of the students was late for school。
13．All，some none，most，any等代词作主语时，若其指复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式；若其指单数形式，则谓语动词用单数形式。
Not all work is difficult。
Not all the students are here。
14．有些形容词前面加上定冠词the，如the poor，the old，the yong，the rich，the dying等用来表示一类人时，主语为复数意义，谓语动词用复数。
The old are good taken care of。
15．Tom’s and Bob’s rooms are the same.
A and B’s 表示两人共有一样东西，后常跟单数名词，谓语常用单三。
Tom and Bob’s room isn’t the same.
四、词语辨析
1、turn on 打开，接通（电源，气，水），反义词是turn off. turn up/turn down 调高/低音量。
1. pour…into… 将…倒入/灌入… into 是：进入… in 是：在…内。
在put, throw, break, lay, fall 等动词之后，既可用in，也可用into。但in可作副词，into不能。
He put all the books in/into the bag. Come in!请进！
3. 有关make 的短语： make the bed 铺床 ， make tea沏茶 ，make trouble 惹麻烦，make money 赚钱 ， make a decision 做决定，make a telephone call 打电话，make a visit 拜访 ， make a mistake 犯错误 ， make a noise 弄出噪音，make a living 谋生 ， make sure 务必
4. one more thing = another one thing 基数词 + more + 名词 = another + 基数词 + 名词
5. fill with 用…填充… be filled with = be full of 充满….
The boy filled the bottle with sand. / The bag was full of clothes.
6. cover…with… 用…把…覆盖 be covered with 被…所覆盖。 cover n. 封面，盖子。
Ann covered her face with her hands. / The cover of the magazine is nice.
7. It’s time (for sb) to do sth. 到某人做某事的时候了。
It’s time for sth. 到做某事的时候了。

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