专升本辅导3 不定式.doc

专升本辅导材料3 不定式

一、It +adj. to do sth.
1. It is easier to spend money than to make money.
2. It takes time to study English well.
3. To err is human; to forgive, divine.
4. To solve this problem takes a genius like Einstein.
二、动词 + to do
1. I hope to see you again.
2. This company refused to cooperate with us.
3. He promised not to tell anyone about it.
Agree, appear, beg, begin, dare, decide, expect, fail, forget, happen, hate, hesitate, hope, intend, like, love, manage, mean, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, propose, refuse, regret, remember, seem, start, swear, try, want, wish,
4. I wonder who to invite.
5. Show us what to do.
6. I don’t know whether to answer his letter.
Ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, forget, find out, guess, imagine, know, learn, observe, remember, see, tell, teach, think, understand, wonder
三、省to:
Let, make, have, see, hear, feel, watch, notice, listen to,
四、作定语----动宾关系
1. She has four children to take care of.
2. I had no place to live in.
3. You just regard me as a thing, an object to look at, to use, to touch, but not to listen to or to take care seriously.
4. I gave the kid a comic to read.
5. I need a piece of paper to write on.
五、被only, last, next, 序数词，最高级形容词修饰的名词常用不定式作定语。
1. I don’t think he is the best man to do the job.
2. The next train to arrive is from New York.
3. Clint was the second person to fall into this trap.
4. Clint was the only person to survive the air crash.
六、作状语
1. To avoid criticism, do nothing, say nothing, be nothing.
2. We had better start early to catch the train.
3. He lived to be a hundred years.
4. What have I done to offend you?
***
5. We hurried to the railway station, only to find the train had just left.
6. All too often, Women complain that they’re educated as equals, only to go out into the workforce to be treated as inferiors.
**
7. He is not enough to go to school.
8. The teacher speaks loudly enough to make himself heard clearly.
七、用在形容词后的主谓关系
1. He was surprised to learn how much he had spent.
2. The boy was careless to break the window.
Brave, careful, careless, clever, cruel, foolish, kind, nice, polite, selfish
3. She is interesting to listen to.=It is interesting to listen to.
4. She is very nice to talk to. = It is very nice to talk to her.
八、短语省to
Had better, would rather, would sooner, would just as soon, might (just) as well, cannot but, cannot choose but, cannot help
1. I cannot but admire his courage.
2. We might as well put up here for tonight.
Do nothing / anything/ everything but do
1. I have nothing to do but wait.
2. I have no choice but to wait.
3. he needs nothing but to succeed.
4. He will do anything but give in.
5. All that I could do then was wait.
6. All you do now is complete this form.

练习
不定式
I. 用it+ to do 造句
1。拥有一些亲密的朋友很重要。
2。对别人要有礼貌，这点很重要。
3。学习别国语言＆文化很有趣。
4。学外语难吗？
5。很难交到真心朋友。
6。做人要诚实，这很重要。
7。鱼儿离开水不可能存活。
8。学生学英文有必要多练习。
9。老师应该对学生们有耐心。
10。人们不可能直视太阳。
II. 适当形式填空
11. The boy was made ____(sing) the song once again.
12. Don’t make children _____(work)too hard.
13.They would rather ____(die) than ___(surrender).
14. He could not choose but___(love) her.
15. She could do nothing but ___(change) her name under the circumstances.
16. He had his son ____(play) the violin three hours a day.
17. There was nothing to do except ___(escape).
18. He has not alternative but ____(go) and ask his sister for help.
19. A: What can you see in a park?
B: I can see birds ___(fly in the sky and sometimes I can see people ____(do) shadowboxing.
A: Do you hear anything in the park?
B: Yes, I can hear people ____(chat) here and there and sometimes I can hear young people ___(speak) English at the English corner.
III. Multiple Choice
20. I couldn’t do anything but ____ there and hope.
A. just sit B. just sitting C. just to sit D. just to sitting
21. After twenty years abroad, William came back only ____ his hometown severely damaged in an earthquake.
A. finding B. to find C. was finding D. was to find
22. He came all the way to help her ____ that she drowned herself in a well.
A. only to find B. to find C. in order to find D. so as to find
23. Caught in the act, he had no alternative but ___/
A. confess B. confessing C. confessed D. to confess
24. The girl tried many times to sneak across the border to a neighboring country, ____ each time.
A. having been caught B. always being caught
C. had been caught D. only to be caught
25. He couldn’t help ____ after he heard the news.
A. bursting into tears B. burst into tears
C. bursting out tears D. burst out crying
26. She ____ admit that they were justified in this.
A. could help not B. could not but
C. could but not D. could not help
27. They would sooner ___ for a drink.
A. going B. to go C. go D. not to go
28. Sometimes _____ to place physics and chemistry into separate categories.
A. that is difficult B. is difficult
C. it is difficult D. that it is difficult
29. They forbade ____ to the right park.
A. him to go B. him going
C. he should go D. he went
30. The parents scolded the child and make her promise ____ again.
A. never to do that B. what to do never
C. that never to do that D. so never to do that
31. The child may be able to attain his immediate goal ____ that his method brings criticism from people who observe him.
A. only to find B. only find C. only finding
D. only have found
32. The total influence of literature upon the course of human history ____.
A. is difficult to evaluate B. is difficult to evaluate it
C. difficult to evaluate it D. it is difficult to evaluate
33. The first explorer ____ California by land was Strong Smith, a trapper who crossed the southwestern deserts of the United States in 1826.
A. that he reached B. to reach C. reached D. reaching it
34. She could do nothing but ____ her name under the circumstances.
A. to change B. changing C. change D. to be changed
35. He had his son ____ the violin three hours a day.
A. to play B. play C. playing D. played
36. There was nothing to do except ____.
A. to escape B. escape C. escaping D. having escaped
37. He has no alternative but ____ and ask his sister for help.
A. to go B. to C. going D. goes
38. I need a piece of paper to ____.
A. write on B. write C. be written D. write with
39. He was the first ____ and last ____.
A. arriving --- leaving--- B. to arrive --- to leave ---
C. arrive --- leave --- D. for arriving --- for leaving
40. I’m not sure which restaurant ____.
A. to eat on B. to eat at C. eating at D. for eating
41. I have no place ___ and no food __.
A. to live -- to eat B. to live in --- to eat
C. to live in to eat at D. living in eating
42. The teacher doesn’t allow _____ on the exam.
A. his students to cheat B. his students’ cheating
C. to cheat D. his students cheat
43. In 1938 Pearl S. Buck became the first American woman ____ the Nobel Prize for Literature.
A. receive B. received C. to receive D. she received
44. The teachers don’t know ____ to start and run a school.
A. what it takes B. what they take
C. what does it take D. what takes