2023年裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记第三十二课课文讲解.doc

裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记 第三十二课 课文讲解
老猴子咬菜根学习交流
Key structures
1. 形容词和副词的同级比较：
表达“和……同样地” as + adj. / adv. + as
表达“不如，不及” not as / so + adj. / adv. + as
其中adj. 或 adv. 必须用原形
eg. He is not as energetic as a young man. 他不如年轻人那么充满活力。
eg. Let’s walk. It’s just as quick as taking the bus. 
我们走路吧。和乘公共汽车同样快。
eg. He is not as busy as before. 他不像以前那么忙了。
eg. We’ll give you as much help as we can. 我们将尽也许地给予你帮助。
eg. Please send us the technical data as soon as possible. 
请尽快发给我们技术资料。
eg. He could speak English as fluently as an Englishman.
他可以像英国人同样流利地说英语。
eg. I can’t speak so / as fast as you can. 我说话没有你那么快。
eg. I didn’t do so/as well as I should. 我做的没有我应当做的那么好。
2. as…as; so…as 结构前可以用just, almost, nearly, half 等词表达限度。
eg. She hasn’t been quite so unlucky as she pretends. 
她并不很像她所假装的那样晦气。
eg. He doesn’t dress half so strangely as Tom. 他的衣着的奇异远不及汤姆。
eg. You are sewing nearly as neatly as your mother.
你的针线活差不多和你母亲同样干净利落。
3. 其他比较方式：
eg. There isn’t much I can do to help him. 没有多少我能帮上他忙的。
/There is little I can do to help him.
(not much / little 修饰不可数名词)
eg. He hasn’t got as much work to do as I have. 他要干的活没有我要干的多。
/He’s got less work to do than I have.
eg. There weren’t many people in the shop. 商店里没有多少人。
/There were very few people in the shop.
(not many / very few 修饰可数名词)
eg. He hasn’t as many books as I have. 他的书没有我的多。
/He has fewer books than I have.
eg. There isn’t much whisky in this bottle, but you can have some if you want it.
瓶子里没有多少威士忌了，但是假如你想要的话可以喝一点。
eg. There aren’t many apples on the tree, but you can pick some if you want to.
树上没有多少苹果了，但是假如你想要的话你可以摘一些。
课文内容：
People are not so honest as they once were. The temptation to steal is greater than ever before -- especially in large shops. A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on Monday mornings. One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her. The woman first bought a few small articles. After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant who wrapped it up for her as quickly as possible. Then the woman simply took the parcel and walked out of the shop without paying. When she was arrested, the detective found out that the shop assistant was her daughter. The girl 'gave' her mother a free dress once a week!
参考翻译：
人们不再像以前那样诚实了。偷窃的诱惑力比以往任何时候都更强烈 -- 特别是在大的商店里。一名侦探最近注意上了一位穿着讲究的妇女，她总是在星期一上午进入一家大商场。有一个星期一，当这位妇女走进这家商场时，里面的人比往常少，因此，侦探比较容易监视她。这位妇女先是买了几样小商品。过了一会儿，她又选了商场里最昂贵的一件衣服，把它递给了售货员。那售货员以最快的速度为她包好了衣服。然后，那妇女拿过包就走出了商场，主线没有付钱。她被逮捕后。侦探发现本来那售货员是她的女儿。那姑娘每星期“送”她母亲一件免费的衣服！
1. People are not so honest as they once were. 人们不再像以前那样诚实了。
/People are less honest than they once were.
/People are not so honest as they used to be.
/People are less honest than they used to be.
2. The temptation to steal is greater than ever before -- especially in large shops.
偷窃的诱惑力比以往任何时候都更强烈 -- 特别是在大的商店里。
3. A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on Monday mornings.
一名侦探最近注意上了一位穿着讲究的妇女，她总是在星期一上午进入一家大商场。
well-dressed （复合形容词） 穿着很好的
half-done 做了一半的
over-tired 过度劳累的
happy-go-lucky 无忧无虑的
three-legged 三条腿的
long-distance 长距离的
a long-distance runner 长跑运动员
out-and-out 彻头彻尾的
hard-won 艰难赢来的
over-all 所有的，涉及一切的
over-all plan 全盘计划
a ten-year-old girl 一个十岁的女孩
ready-made 已经制好的
orange-colored 橘黄色的
first-rate  一级的，一等的
4. One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her.
有一个星期一，当这位妇女走进这家商场时，里面的人比往常少，因此，侦探比较容易监视她。
/One Monday, there were not as many people as usual when the woman came in.
than usual 比平常          than before比以前
as usual 像平常同样     as before 像以前同样 than ever before 比以往任何时候
it 形式主语     to watch her 真正主语
5. The woman first bought a few small articles. 这位妇女先是买了几样小商品。
6. After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant who wrapped it up for her as quickly as possible.
过了一会儿，她又选了商场里最昂贵的一件衣服，把它递给了售货员。那售货员以最快的速度为她包好了衣服。
choose-chose-chosen
choice n.
7. Then the woman simply took the parcel and walked out of the shop without paying. 然后，那妇女拿过包就走出了商场，主线没有付钱。
without paying
介词+ n. / pron. / doing
(动名词的逻辑主语必须与前面主语一致)
8. When she was arrested, the detective found out that the shop assistant was her daughter. 她被逮捕后。侦探发现本来那售货员是她的女儿。
find
1) 意外或偶尔发现
eg. Look, what I’ve found.  看，我发现了什么。
eg. He woke up and found himself in hospital. 他醒来之后发现自己在医院。
2) 发现，找回
eg. Now, everybody is hoping that scientists can find the cure for AIDS.
现在，人人都希望科学家能找到治疗艾滋病的方法。
eg. I looked for my wallet everywhere, but I can’t find it.
我到处找我的钱包，但是没找到。
find out （经研究，询问）获知
eg. I found out that the train had left. 我发现火车已经开走了。
eg. The detective found out that the girl was the woman’s daughter.
9. The girl 'gave' her mother a free dress once a week!
那姑娘每星期“送”她母亲一件免费的衣服！
free
1) 免费的
eg. There is no such a thing as free lunch. 天下没有免费的午餐。
a free cup of coffee 一份免费的咖啡
2) 自由的
eg. After ten years in prison, he is free now. 蹲了十年的监狱，他终于自由了。
eg. My father went to Shanghai on business. I’m free now. 
我父亲去上海出差了，我自由了。
3) 空闲的
eg. Are you free tonight? Would you like to go to the cinema with me?
今晚你有空吗？你乐意和我一起去看电影吗？
freedom n. 自由
eg. Fight for freedom. 为自由而战。
（修辞：压头韵 alliteration）指连续的词语中出现的开头相同的字母或语音。
再如：as thick as thieves
Special difficulties
a(an)与one的异同：
1) 同：两者都有“一个”的意思，有时可互换，特别表达数量、长度、重量时
a foot=one foot 一英尺
a pound=one pound 一磅
a hundred=one hundred 一百
2) 异：a/an表类别，数词one强调“数目”
eg. Can a girl do this? 这是女孩干的活吗？（Maybe a boy can do it）
eg. Can one girl do this? 一个女孩能干吗？（Maybe more girls can do this）
a girl←→a boy
one←→two, three…
3) 表达数目对比的场合，用one，不用a/an
eg. I have one girlfriend, but you have two. 我有一个女朋友，你有两个呢。
eg. Tom has two brothers but only one sister. 汤姆有两个哥哥，一个姐姐。
4) 某些习语中，a/an与one含义不同
at a time 每次
at one time 一度
more than a year 一年多（如，一年三个月……）
more than one year 不止一年（如，两年，三年……）
5) 某些习语中，不可随意替换
once upon a time 很久很久以前
one day 有一天
an hour or two/one or two hours 一两个小时
a day or two/one or two days 一两天
Exercise: 用a/an或one填空
_____ day I received _____ postcard from Harry. He invited me to go on _____ excursion. As he was setting out that afternoon, there was only _____ thing to do. I had to send _____ fax. I went to my desk and picked up _____ form. I wrote _____ fax of _____ word: NO.
One; a; an; one; a; a; a; one
Exercises
1. People are not so honest as they once were. They are _____ honest.
A. as     B. so     C. less     D. fewer
2. There were fewer people in the shop than usual. There were _____ .
A. as many as usual      B. not as many as usual
C. as few as usual        D. more than usual
3. The dress was free. It _____ .
A. was priceless    B. was worthless    C. cost nothing    D. was grateful
4. ______ he works hard, I don’t mind when he finished the experiment.
A. as soon as   B. as well as   C. so far as    D. so long as
A.一…就…   B.同样    C.就…来说     D.只要
1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D
谚语
1. All this and heaven too.
不仅有前面说到的好处，还会有更高价值或更重要的东西；
享尽人间福，还可进天堂；
除此之外还锦上添花。
2. As one makes one’s bed, so one must lie on it.
每人都得承担自己行动的后果；自作自受；自食其果。