四级作文1.doc

一、 1-1 对立法 ：先引出其他人的不同看法，然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法， 适用于有争议性的主题。
e.g
［1］。 When asked about.。。.。， the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that 。。.。。.。 But I think/view a bit differently. 在谈到。。.。。，广大/绝大多数人的要求说。。.。。.。但我觉得/观点有点不同。
［2］。 When it comes to 。。.。 ， some people believe that 。。.。。.。 Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true 。 There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements ， but （I tend to the previous/latter ） 当涉及到。。.。有些人认为。。.。。.。一些人则认为/声称，相反/恰恰相反。可能有一些在两个参数真理/报表，但（我更倾向于前/后
［3］。 Now， it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that 。。.。 They claim/ believe/argue that 。。. But I wonder/doubt whether.。。.。。
现在，它通常是/一般/普遍认为/月/承认，。。.。他们声称/相信/认为。。.不过，我怀疑/怀疑。。.。。
1-2 现象法引出要剖析的现象或者问题， 然后评论 。
e.g
［1］。 Recently the rise in problem of/（phenomenon of） 。。. has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern. 最近上升的问题/（现象）。。.已造成/引起公众/流行/宽/举世关注
［2］。 Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of 。。.has been brought into focus. （ has been brouth to public attention） 最近，问题的问题/ 。。.的现象已成为注意的焦点。 （已经被brouth公众的注意）
［3］.Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality 。。. is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.
----- To be continued ！！ 通货膨胀/贪污/社会不平等。。.又是新的和痛苦的真理，我们必须学会面对的/不断另一个。
1-3 观点法 ----开门见山，直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法。
e.g：
［1］。 Never history has the change of 。。 been as evident as 。。. Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/id dea of 。。 be more visible/popular than.。。 历史上从未有改变的。。被明显的，因为。。.在世界任何地方/中国有问题/思想的。。更可见/受欢迎的程度。。.
［2］。 Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/accept/（be aware） that.。。 现在越来越多的人/大量开始/来实现/接受/（知道）的。。.
［3］。 Now there is a growing awareness/recognition ot the necessity to.。。.。.Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of 。。.。。. 现在，人们日益认识/认识到有必要逾。。.。。.现在，人们越来越认识到/的重要性的认识。。.。。.
［4］。 Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.。。.。。. 也许现在是有一个重新审视的态度/想法。。.。。.。
1-4 引用法----- 先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法， 来引出文章要展开论述的观点！
e.g：
［1］。 “Knowledge is power.” such is the remark made by Bacon. This remark has been shared by more and more people 。 “知识就是力量。”这就是由培根说了。这句话也有同样的越来越多的人。
“Education is not complete with graduation.” Such is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opinion. “教育是不完整的毕业。”这就是一个伟大的美国哲学家的意见。现在，越来越多的人分享他的意见。
［2］。“。。.。。.。。.” How often we hear such statements/words like thoses /this 。 “。。.。。.。。.”如何我们经常听到这样的声明/放入系统一样的话/本。
In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this “。。.。。.”。在我们自己的日子，我们都已经习惯听到这样的传统抱怨，因为这“。。.。。.”。
1-5 比较法------ 通过对过去，现在 两种不同的倾向，观点的比较 ， 引出文章要讨论的观点。
e.g：
［1］。 For years， 。。.had been viewed as 。。. But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing 。。. ， people 。。.。。.。 。 多年来，。。.已被视为。。.但是，人们正在以新面貌了。随着越来越多。。. ，人。。.。。.。 。
［2］。 People used to think that 。。. （In the past， 。。.。） But people now share this new. 人们曾经以为。。. （过去，。。.。）但是，人们现在这个新的共享。
1-6 故事法 ----先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣， 引出文章的主题。
e.g：
［1］。 Once in （a newspaper） ， I read of/learnt 。。.。 The phenomenon of 。。. has aroused public concern. 一旦（报纸），我阅读/学习。。.。的现象。。.引起市民关注
［2］。 I have a friend who 。。. Should he 。。.。 ？ Such a dilemma we are often confront with in our daily life. 我有一个朋友谁。。.如果他。。.。 ？这样的困境，我们常常遇到在我们的日常生活的。
［3］。 Once upon a time ， there lived a man who 。。. This story may be （unbelievable） ， but it still has a realistic significance now. 从前，有一位男子谁。。.这个故事可能是（难以置信），但它仍然有现实意义现在
1-7 问题法----- 先用讨论或解答的设问， 引出自己观点， 适用于有争议性的话题。
e.g：
Should/What 。。.。。. ？ Options of 。。. vary greatly ， some 。。.， others 。。.
But in my opinion ， 。。.。。. 。 应/什么。。.。。. ？的选项。。.差别很大，有些。。.，有的。。.但我认为，。。.。。. 。

二、 英语四级写作词汇不足有妙招
　　1. 试用笼统词
　　英语语言中笼统词有have, take 等，笼统词的重要特点在于意义广泛，搭配性强，构成词组后可以替代众多具体动词。虽然不能精确表达一个动作，却能大致表达意思。在一些具体动词写不出来的时候，用这些笼统词取代，也能收到异曲同工的效果。
　　例如：我经历了一个极其艰苦的时代。
　　I experienced a terrible hard time.
　　这一句中，experience被遗忘时，用have代替，成为：I had a terrible hard time. 其效果及表达的意义决不亚于第一句。这样的例子还很多。如：
　　Do you understand my meaning, sir­ = Do you take my meaning, sir­
　　I will preside over the meeting. = I will take the meeting.
　　I will subscribe to the local newspaper. = I will take the local newspaper.
　　They occupied the city. = They took the city.
　　The boy resembles his father. = The boy takes after his father.
　　从以上的例句不难看出，具体词音节较多，使用频率不高，容易遗忘，而笼统词则不然。因此，在作文应试中，笼统词取代具体词，不失为一种应急良策。
　　2. 联想有关词汇
　　当遗忘产生时，或遇到未曾学过的词时，应采取放射性思维，发挥想象力，想出一切与之有关的单词，利用语言的内在联系，多层次，多角度地运用语言。一般情况下，联想可按下列思路进行：1联想同义词；2联想反义词。
　　英语语言中众多的同义词在许多情况下是可以通用的。利用这一规律，由于某个单词受阻而影响全篇写作的情况便不会出现。试看下列句子：
　　I had a nightmare last night. = I had a bad dream last night.
　　Nightmare 使用频率不太高，因此不太好记。而其同义词bad dream 却很容易记。以后者取代前者丝毫不影响原句的意义。再比如：I don’t understand this word. 也可以说成 I don’t know this word.
　　又如：
　　He is stupid. = He is foolish. = He is a fool. = He is silly.
　　The food is delicious. = The food is tasty. = The food is nice to eat.
　　They discontinued the work at five. = They stopped the work at five.
　　英语语言中词与词之间是有联系的，词与词之间语义的"共核"现象即所谓的同义词。丰富的同义词给我们提供了极大的方便。
　　同样，用其反义词来取代某一遗忘了的词也是可行的，请看下面的例子：
　　He is stubborn. = He is not tame.
　　The knife is blunt. = The knife is not sharp.
　　This is expensive. = This is not cheap.
　　She is talkative. = She is never quiet.
三、 想在四级考试中写出高分作文吗？那么用词是非常重要的一个环节。词汇使用得当，不仅使文章更生动，也是评分时的加分亮点。以下向各位四级考生提供考试三十组考试中可频繁使用的优美词汇及例句。考试时用上它们，以替代你现有的普通词汇，可以瞬间点亮平淡无奇的文章。
　　1. individuals, characters, folks替换people, persons。
　　2. positive, favorable, rosy (美好的), promising (有希望的), perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior替换good。
　　3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad, 如果bad做表语, 可以用be less impressive替换。
　　4. an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, many, if not most替换many。
　　注：用many和if not most 一定要小心, many后一定要有词。
　　5. a slice of, quiet a few, several替换some。
　　6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that替换think。
　　7. affair, business, matter 替换thing。
　　8. shared替代common。
　　9. reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits。
　　10. for my part, from my own perspective 替换in my opinion。
　　11. increasing(ly), growing 替换more and more
　　12. little if anything, little or nothing替换hardly
　　13. beneficial, rewarding替换helpful
　　14. shopper, client, consumer, purchaser替换customer
　　15. exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换very
　　16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable替换 unnecessary, avoidable
　　17. sth. appeals to sb., sth. exerts a tremendous fascination on sb. 替换sb. take interest in / sb. be interested in
　　18. capture one's attention替换attract one's attention.
　　19. facet, demension, sphere替代aspect
　　20. be indicative of, be suggestive of, be fearful of分别替代 indicate, suggest, fear
四、 2011年12月英语四级写作经典句型解析1
一、 ~~~ the + ~ est + 名词 + （that） + 主词 + have ever + seen （ known/heard/had/read， etc） ~~~ the most + 形容词 + 名词 + （that） + 主词 + have ever + seen （ known/ heard/ had/ read， etc）

例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.

海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。

Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.

张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。

二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V

例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education.

没有比接受教育更重要的事。

三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.（再怎么强调。..的重要性也不为过。）

例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.

我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。

四、There is no denying that + S + V 。..（不可否认的。..）

例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.

不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。

五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~ （全世界都知道。..）

例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.

全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。

六、There is no doubt that + 句子~~ （毫无疑问的。..）

例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.

毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。

七、An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子 （。..的优点是。..）

例句：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won‘t create （produce） any pollution.

用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。
11. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem： the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.无可否认，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题：城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。

12. An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。

13. A proper part-time job does not occupy students‘ too much time. In fact， it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes： All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间，事实上，把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康，正如那句老话：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。

14. Any government， which is blind to this point， may pay a heavy price.任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。

15.Nowadays， many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately， for most young people， it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.当前，一提到即将开始的学校生活，许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而，对多数年轻人来说，校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。

16. In view of the seriousness of this problem， effective measures should be taken before things get worse.考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。

17. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills， which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。

18. It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.无可争辩，现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冻的痛苦生活。

19. Although this view is wildly held， this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。

20. No one can deny the fact that a person’s education is the most important aspect of his life.没有人能否认：教育是人生最重要的一方面。
21. People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。

22. In the last decades， advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.在过去的几十年，先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。

23. In fact， we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.事实上，我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。

24. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。

25. People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.人们相信拥有计算机技术可以获得更多工作或提升的机会。

26. The information I‘ve collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.从这几年我搜集的信息来看，这些知识并没有人们想象的那么有用。

27. Now， it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.现在，人们普遍认为没有一所大学能够在毕业时候教给学生所有的知识。

28. This is a matter of life and death——a matter no country can afford to ignore.这是一个关系到生死的问题，任何国家都不能忽视。

29. For my part， I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons：我同意后者，有如下理由：30. Before giving my opinion， I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.在给出我的观点之前，我想看看双方的观点是重要的。

二十二、Since　+　S　+　过去式，S　+　现在完成式。

例句：Since　he　went　to　senior　high　school，　he　has　worked　very　hard.

自从他上高中，他一直很用功。

二十三、It　pays　to　+　V　~~~　（。..是值得的。）

例句：It　pays　to　help　others.

帮助别人是值得的。

二十四、be　based　on　（以。..为基础）

例句：The　progress　of　thee　society　is　based　on　harmony.

社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。

二十五、Spare　no　effort　to　+　V　（不遗余力的）

例句：We　should　spare　no　effort　to　beautify　our　environment.

我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。

二十六、bring　home　to　+　人　+　事　（让。..明白。..事）

例句：We　should　bring　home　to　people　the　value　of　working　hard.

我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。

二十七、be　closely　related　to　~~　（与。..息息相关）

例句：Taking　exercise　is　closely　related　to　health.

做运动与健康息息相关。

二十八、Get　into　the　habit　of　+　Ving　=　make　it　a　rule　to　+　V　（养成。..的习惯）

We　should　get　into　the　habit　of　keeping　good　hours.