轧钢-外文翻译-外文文献-英文文献-轧机用弹性阻尼体减震.doc

轧机用弹性阻尼体减震
2.1 弹性阻尼体技术在轧机上的应用
轧机的轧辊平衡分离装置是轧机的重要组成部分。长期以来，该装置采用传统的弹簧、橡胶垫、液压等平衡装置，实践中发现采用这些平衡方式存在许多弊端，如弹簧平衡压下不足、易损坏、过钢时跳动严重，影响产品精度；橡胶垫平衡，平衡力过大，常因轧辊产生挠度而断辊；液压平衡环节过多、故障频繁、易污染等。为了合理的解决这一问题，欧洲轧机制造厂家于1964年推出了基于弹性阻尼体技术生产的轧机用阻尼平衡减震器，该减震器的体积小、使用方便、承载力大、寿命长、工作稳定、无需外接设备，很快为许多钢铁企业所接受。
2.2 弹性阻尼体技术及其应用
2.2.1 弹性阻尼体性能
弹性阻尼体是一种由多种化合物合成的高分子材料，该材料于 1964 年首次被用于工业减震器的设计开发，并在其后的几十年中不断完善和发展。今天，弹性阻尼减震、缓冲技术已经成为国际公认的成熟技术，并被许多诸如马来西亚等著名生产厂家直接设计选用。
2.2.1.1 粘性
性阻尼体可产生极强的粘稠摩擦力，吸收活塞运动时外力所产生的巨大能量，这种特性使减震器或或缓冲器具有特殊的减震缓冲功能。
2.2.1.2 可压缩性
当弹性阻尼体受到很大外力时，其体积缩小、收缩部分体积与液体相似，其收缩率可达 15％，这种特性使它具备了优于弹簧的功能。 以上特点决定了弹性阻尼体可被置于一密闭容器中，以一定的机械结构来实现其减震、平衡、缓冲功能，采用这一技术生产出的弹性阻尼体减震缓冲产品性能良好，贮能大，无须维修，无老化现象，工作可靠，易于安装，并可省去其它类缓冲减震器所需的弹簧预应力装置、外部电源等辅助设备，其优点是显而易见的。
2.2.2 弹性阻尼体的制备及性能特点
弹性阻尼体母体是由精选的多种化工原料合成稳定的高分子化合物后，经水解、裂解，然后在催化剂作用下，进行离子型开环聚合而成的性能稳定的高分子化合物。母体制成后，需经过补强、抗老化、增粘等多道工序，以完善其各项物理指标性能。最后配置出的高分子化合物为酮类制品，根据不同需要，分子量稳定在 40 万-70 万之间，以聚合物形态出现，呈鲜红色半流体状，静置后，表面呈现金属光泽。
特性 :
(1) 高粘性
(2) 强压缩性
(3) 良好的热稳定性
(4) 特殊的化学惰性
(5) 无老化现象

附录2 外文文献原文

Elastic damping material shock absorber for rolling mill
2.1 The application of elastic damping material technique in rolling mill
Roll balance dividing device is the important part of rolling mill. For a long
time, the device uses traditional balance ways, such as spring, rubber backing
and hydraulic etc. there are many problems in practice by using these balance ways, for example, the pressing force of spring is not insufficient, it is easy to damage and move up and down seriously when rolling so that affect the product
precision; using a rubber backing to balance, the balance force is too large ,the
roll often break because it has deflection; hydraulic balance has too many links
so that troubles often arise and it is easy to pollute. In order to solve these problems, rolling mill in 1964 which was on the basis of elastic damping technique, the shock absorber has a small volume, large load-carrying ability and long service life, it was easy to use ,worked stably and didn’t need external device, it was accepted by many iron＆steel enterprises soon.
2.2 The brief introduction of the elastic damping technology＆ application
2.2.1 The property of elastic damping materials
Elastic damping material is a macromolecule material synthesized by
many compounds, it was first used for industrial shock absorber in 1964 and has
been continually improved and developed in the past decades. Today, elastic damping shock absorbing and suffering techniques have become international acknowledged mature techniques and have been used by many famous machinery manufactures, such as SMS Schloemann-Siemag AG.
(1) Viscosity
The viscosity of pasty elastic material can produce very strong stick friction
and absorb tremendous energy produced by external force when piston moves, this special property makes shock absorber or buffer have special damping and buffering functions.
(2) Compressibility
When elastic damping material is exerted a very big external force, its volume contracts, the volume of contracted part is similar to liquid, its contraction can reach 15%.The special property makes its function better than
spring.
2.2.2 Preparation of elastic damping materials and their property
The mother body of elastic damping material is a stable macromolecule
compound, after it is synthesized by many kinds of carefully chosen industrial
chemicals, through hydrolysis and crack then under the action of catalyst, make
ionic open-loop polymerizing. After the mother body is finished, supplying
intensity, anti-ageing and adding viscosity etc. many processes are needed to
perfect its different physical properties. Last finished macromolecule compounds are ketonic products, according to different requirements, their molecular weights are between 4 hundred thousand-7 hundred thousand, they appear in polymer form and scarlet, half fluid, put them aside for a while, their surface shows metallic luster.
Special properties:
(1) High viscosity
(2) Strong compressibility
(3) Good thermal stability
(4) Special chemical inertia
(5) Without ageing phenomenon

2.3.1 High energy elastic damping disc shock absorber
High energy elastic damping material disc shock absorber produced by Jerrat (shorter form: disc shock absorber) are annular high energy damping shock
absorber, its structure is compact and there is shock absorbing need in the direction of axial. Compared with disc spring, disc shock absorber eliminates
complicated process of superposition mounting, its mounting is simple and doesn’t need to maintain. Because it realizes shock absorbing way with a shock
absorbing instead of steel springs superposition, so its advantages of rigidity,
ageing resistance stable mechanical property shown in practice are beyond comparison. Excellent properties of elastic damping materials enable disc shock
absorber to satisfy big load shock absorbing requirement at very small volume
so that effectively save design space. Its these good properties are also suitable
for the anchor bolt shock absorbing etc. situations.
2.3.2 High energy damping buffer
2.3.2.1 Basic principle
By the action of dynamic applied force, the fast insertion of piston will result in steep increase of friction between piston and damping material and piston rod is decided by moving speed, both are in direct proportion. The friction between solid sealing parts is decided by internal pressure, i.e., the larger internal
pressure is, the larger friction is (the pressure is produced by compressing the
volume of elastic material chamber). This shows that high energy damping buffer makes full use of compressibility and high viscosity of elastic damping
medium, it converts instantaneous impact energy into elastic potential energy(produced by compressing medium)and thermal energy(produced by friction)and rapid release. High energy damping buffer made by using above
principle has strong buffering ability, and its volume is small, weight is light, its
buffering energy is 3 times of which rubber buffer had at same volume, the highest energy absorptivity can reach 85%.

2.3.2.2 The advantages of products
Compared with rubber buffer, high energy damping buffer can resist high
temperature and corrosion, can suit adverse circumstances, it has strong rigidity
and high shock strength, it works stably and has no ageing and failure phenomenon. Compared with traditional pneumatic buffer and air oil buffer or hydraulic buffer, it is easy to mount ,its structure is compact, volume is small, weight is light and service life is long, it doesn’t need daily maintenance. Because it has fewer sealing links and is not easy to damage, it is more suitable for high temperature circumstances in which pneumatic buffer and hydraulic buffer can not work, and it doesn’t need other complicated auxiliary devices, it has no air leak and oil leak phenomenon, it works stably and reliably. 2.3.2.3 Scope of application High energy damping buffers have been widely applied in iron＆steel industry and heavy machinery industry, such as: buffer for baffle plate and loop in rolling mill, for adjustable end stop, for limits of soaking hood and various moving machinery, lifting machinery etc. many places where buffering and guard are needed, the use result is very ideal, they can increase collision safety coefficient of equipment with the highest limit at a limited design space and guard the main equipment well.