Li-ion-Battery-introduction锂离子电池介绍.ppt
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1、Battrey Chemistry Fundamentals and CharacteristicsBattrey Chemistry Fundamentals and CharacteristicsSinowealth BP wxlCONTENTSIntroductionLi-ion Battery Fundamentals and Electrical BehaviorMonitoring and SafetyGeneral Battery Characteristics Page 21.2 Li-ion Battery Fundamentals and Electrical Behavi
2、or1.2 Li-ion Battery Fundamentals and Electrical Behavior1.2.1 Battery Structure1.2.2 Fundamentals1.2.3 Materials and their influences1.2.3 Electrical behavior1.2.4 Equivalent circuitPage 3Li-ion Battery StructureLi-ion Battery StructureCylindrical Li-ion Battery structureSeparator,cathodeandanodear
3、earoundthecolumn.Page 418650Li-ion Battery StructurePrismatic Li-ion Battery StructurePage 5Li-ion Battery StructureCoin Li-ion Battery structurePage 6Li-ion Battery StructureThin Film Li-ion Battery Structure10-100umthinkness.formicrominiaturedevicePage 7Li-ion Battery StructureLi-ion Battery Struc
4、turePage 8Li-ion Battery Structure Li-ion Battery Structure:Li-ion Battery Structure:Anode Anode CathodeCathode Separator Separator Electrolyte Electrolyte Enclosure and packageEnclosure and packagecomponentmaterialexampleAnodeLi-embedded Transition metal oxidesLiCoO4,LiMnO4,LiCoMnOx,LiFePO4CathodeL
5、i-embeddable compound etc.(synthetic)graphiteElectrolyteLiPF6 alkyl acid estersEC,PC,EDCSeparatorpolyene porous membranePE,PP,PP/PE/PPEnclosure and packagemetalsteel,aluminumPage 9Li-ion Battery Performance requirements of anode materialsLi-ion Battery Performance requirements of anode materialshigh
6、 specific energyhigh specific powerlow self-discharge ratiolow costlong lifehigh safety levelPage 10Capacity CalculationCapacity Calculation:1mol1mol LiLi+,Q=+,Q=96500C96500C(F=NA*e=96500C/mol F=NA*e=96500C/mol)1C=1As1C=1AsTake Take LiFePOLiFePO4 4 for examplefor example:The formula weight of The fo
7、rmula weight of LiFePOLiFePO4 4 is is 157.756 g/mol,157.756 g/mol,(1g/(1g/157.756g/mol157.756g/mol)*)*9650096500C/mol/3600s C/mol/3600s=170 mAh/g170 mAh/gThe formula weight of The formula weight of LiLiCoCoO O2 2 is 97.88is 97.88 g/mol,g/mol,(1g/97.88(1g/97.88g/molg/mol)*)*9650096500C/mol/3600s C/mo
8、l/3600s=274274 mAh/g mAh/gLi-ion Battery Li-ion Battery Capacity Calculation for AnodeCapacity Calculation for AnodePage 11LiFePO4LiMnOxLiCoO2LiNiO2LiNiCoMnO2main componentLiFePO4LiMn2O4LiMnO2LiCoO2LiNiO2LiNiCoMnO2ennergy density(mAh/g)170 ideal148286274274278130-140 actual100-120200135-140190-21015
9、5-165voltage(V)3.2-3.73.8-3.93.4-4.33.62.5-4.13.0-4.5cycle life2000500inferior300inferior800transition metalvery richrichrichpoorrichpoorenvironmantalnon-poisonousnon-poisonousnon-poisonousradioactivity(Co)poisonous(Ni)poisonoussafetygreatgoodgoodbadbadnot badtemp()-207550low temp stable-20 55N/A-20
10、 55Li-ion Li-ion BatteryBattery anode materials and their peformancesanode materials and their peformancesPage 12LiCoO2LiMn2O4poor safety,high costSynthesis difficult serious attenuationLiNiO2Li-ion battery anode materialsLi-ion battery anode materialsPage 13Li-ion battery anode material development
11、Li-ion battery anode material developmentpower fieldcommunication fieldLiFePO4LiMn2O4Li-ternary compoundLiNiO2Ni-Hlead-acidLiCoO2power field:LiFePO4 and LiMn2O4 have the advantages of low cost,safety and heat minocation field:Li-ternary compound and LiNiO2 have higher specific energy.Li-ion battery
12、anode materialPage 14Li-ion batteryLi-ion battery Performance requirements of cathode materialsPerformance requirements of cathode materialsLi+can be embed and seperated rapidly.good reversibility of Li+reaction with seldom crystal structure change.weak electric potential change in the reaction proc
13、ess.good surface texture(Solid Electrolyte Interface Film,SEI)stability and compactedlarge diffusion coefficient for Li+diffusion in cells,easy to charge quickly.Page 15cathode materialsungraphitisedcarbongraphitestratifiedstructureTransition metal oxidessilica-basedmaterialLi4Ti5O12spinel structure
14、tin-basedmaterialmetal LiLi-ion Li-ion batterybattery Cathode materialsCathode materialsPage 16synthetic graphitesilicon carbon alloyLi-ion battery cathode materials performancecathode materialscapacityprocess-abilitytemperature stabilitydisadvantagesgraphite carbon360mAh/geasygoodlow capacitySi all
15、oy2500mAh/geasygoodvolume change Sn alloy800-900mAh/ghardbadbad porformance for high rate discahrgemetal Li3860mAh/geasybaddendritic crystalPage 17carbon materials potential risk Licarbon materials potential risk Li4 4TiTi5 5OO1212large mount of capacity,less expension,long cycle life and storage li
16、fe,surpport quick charge.etc.Metal lithium is deposited on the carbon surface.It can explosively react with a variety of materials.Burning,explode and gas expansion are all protential safety problems.carbon materialsLi4Ti5O12Fig.Li4Ti5O12 SEM photo and its chg/dsg performanceLi-ion battery cathode m
17、aterialsPage 18二次锂电池正负极材料电压-容量分布图Voltage versus capacity for positive-and negative-electrode materials presently used or under serious considerations for the next generation of rechargeable Li-based cells.Li-ion battery electrode Voltage-Capacity distributionLi-ion battery electrode Voltage-Capacity
18、 distributionPage 19Fig.2 electrolyte product manufacture processLi-ion battery electrolyteElectrolyte is one of four major part of the Li-ion battery,which plays an important role in Li+transfer and has an effect on Capacity,work temperature range cycle and safety of the battery.Electrolyte is usua
19、lly 15%of the total weight and 32%of total volume,and its purity is worth attention in the manufacturing process.raw-materialsolvent-preparepurificationfine purificationelectrolytesolution preparestirfinished productPage 20keep liquid state in large temperature range,high Li+conductivity(10-2S/cm).g
20、ood chemical and heat stability,hard to evaporation and reaction with others.high protential up to 4.5V(vs.Li/Li+)。non-toxiceasy to prepare,low costLi-ion battery Performance requirements of electrolyte materialsPage 21 safety,stability,compatibility with cathode,conductivity,high safety,stability,c
21、ompatibility with cathode,conductivity,high dielectric constant,low viscosity.dielectric constant,low posed by solvent and additivecomposed by solvent and additive中文名称short namedielectric constantviscosity(mPas)melting point()boiling point()decomposition voltage(V)乙烯碳酸酯EC901.9372385.8丙烯碳酸酯PC652.5-49
22、2425.8二甲基碳酸酯DMC3.10.593905.7二乙基碳酸酯DEC2.80.75-431275.5乙基甲基碳酸酯EMC2.90.65-55108-二甲醚DME7.20.46-58844.9solventLi-ion battery electrolyte solventPage 22Li-ion battery electrolyte additiveAdditive NameApplicationComponent亚乙烯碳酸酯improve SEI film performanceSO2/Co2/VC磷酸三甲酯improve eletrolyte safetyTMP冠醚和穴状化合物i
23、mprove electrolyte conductivityether,etc.金属氧化物和盐balance acid concentrationAl2O3,MgO,BaO,Li/CaxCOyPage 231.liquid state,solution.high purity solvent,electrolyte(LiPF6),additive.2.solid state,ploymer.polymer lithium ion battery,LIP.Li-ion battery electrolytePage 24electrolyte classifychemical formulaf
24、eatures高氯酸锂LiClO4explosive四氟硼酸锂LiBF4stability,poor conductivity and cyclity六氟砷酸锂LiAsF6effeciency,stability,but cost high and poisonous六氟磷酸锂LiPF4good conductivity,poor thermal stability三氟甲基磺酰LiN(SO2CF3)good thermal stability and cyclity,but poor conductivity双草酸硼酸锂LiBOBgood thermal stability and chemi
25、cal stability,but low solubility and poor conductivityplay an improtant role in:keep anode and cathode separateallow ion to pass through itself and charge to transferLi-ion battery separatorPage 25Li-ion battery separator performanceLi-ion battery separator performanceabilitypurposeperformancepositi
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- Li ion Battery introduction 锂离子电池 介绍
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