高考重点词汇讲解.doc

高考重点词汇讲解

1．fast
　　adj. five minutes fast 块五分钟; fast road快速路
　　adv. fast asleep快速入睡; run fast
　　n./v.禁食，斋戒

2．fault
　　a fault（缺陷，过错） in the theory
　　He always finds ~ with my work.
　　merits and ~s; 优缺点
　　faultless 完美的，无懈可击的

3. favor
　　do sb. a ~ , a style in ~ 流行的一种款式
　　That might be in your favor.
　　那可能对你有利。
　　in ~ of: in support of 支持

4．feed
　　feed on 以……为食
　　Feed sb. with sth. 用……喂养……
　　well-fed营养充足的
　　feedback n. 反馈
　　be fed up with… 厌烦……

5. feel
　　~ like doing 想要做某事
　　　It ~s good to be home. 回到家真好
　　~ one’s way 摸索
　　~ the earth moving （注意后面的动词用-ing形式）
　　　Can you feel the tension in this room? 你能感受到屋里的紧张气氛吗？
　　　The dead cannot feel。死人没有知觉。

6．fetch
　　回去取，强调动作的一来一回。
　　区别get比fetch口语化,意思基本一致，take 是拿走,bring是拿来

7. field
　　in the fields 在田里in the field of… 在……领域
　　on the field 在……场地

8. figure
　　the ~ of a hero 英雄的风姿
　　They figured （估计，认为，料想）it was better to stay where they were.
　　他们认为呆在他们原来的地方比较好。
　　~ out（make clear弄明白）…：I can't figure out why he quit his job.

9. fill
　　~… with… 用……填满……
　　~ in the time 填写时间 ~ in the form 填写表格
　　　Laughter filled the room. 屋里充满了笑声。
　　　fill up/ out 填好

10. find
　　找到，强调结果；与look for “寻找”对应。
　　find out查明，指经过调查或研究得到的结果。
　　finding n. 发现

11. fine
　　~ paper 薄纸,~ hairs细发, ~ china精美瓷器
　　I will be~.我会没事的。
　　He is a very fine musician.卓越的
　　That suits me fine.
　　~ sb. $ for sth.罚款

12. fire
　　~ at 强调动作，向……开火, ~ sb. 强调结果，强调射中……，也可以表示“炒了某人，解聘”
　　set ~ to 向……点火, be on ~ 着火，强调状态。
　　make a ~生火; catch ~着火，强调动作 The house caught fire.注意主语为着了的对象,
　　put out the ~ 扑灭火, start a ~ 点火

13. fit
　　be fit for 适合某人，主要指工作，或衣服的尺寸/ keep ~ 减肥，保持苗条;
　　keep fit with diet and exercise.
　　a nice ~(n)衣服合身;
　　v. I fit the job./ The job fits me.
　　These shoes fit me.
　　The music fits your mood.
　　I’d like to have a desk in the room but it won’t fit. (搁不下)
　　They fitted a smoke alarm on the ceiling. (安装)

14. fix
　　~ the car修理;
　　~a time/ day/place etc 敲订
　　~ sth. on/ to… 把……固定到……
　　~ attention/ mind/eyes on sth. 集中注意力
　　keep one’s eyes fixed on the ceiling

15. focus
　　~ (attention) on… 集中注意力在……
　　~ sth. on… 对准……
　　n. the ~ of sth.
　　the ~ of attention关注的焦点

16. follow
　　~ sb. 跟随某人/ ~ the advice
　　Read as ~s 阅读如下
　　The following is/ are…
　　There followed a short silence.
　　follower 拥护者，赶时髦者，追随者

17. forbid
　　~ sb. from doing sth.
　　~ sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事
　　Forbidden City 故宫/ forbidden fruits 禁果
　　Photography is strictly forbidden. 严禁照相

18. force
　　~ sb. to do 强迫某人做某事
　　by ~依靠武力，the air ~ 空军; the （aimed）~s 武装力量
　　The rider forced his horse on through the storm.
　　a ~d smile 一个勉强的微笑

19. forget
　　Don’t ~ that… 别忘了……
　　~ about sth. 停止想……
　　Forget it! 算了吧！休想！
　　Forget oneself忘我
　　Forget-me-not勿忘草

20. form
　　fill in the ~填表格； in the ~ of 以…的形势
　　The team formed up（形成） into lines.
　　~ /develop a habit 养成一个习惯
　　A plan began to form in his head.

21. fortune
　　make a ~发财
　　That ring must be worth a fortune. 那个戒指一定价值不菲。
　　Fortune smiled on me.我交了好运。
　　try one’s ~试运气; cost a ~ 花了一大笔钱
　　fortunate adj. 幸运的

22. free
　　adj. be ~ 有空的，免费的; for ~/ ~ of charge 免费的
　　~ from 免于，使不做; set ~释放;
　　adv. Don't run free on the main street 乱跑
　　freely 自由自在的 You cannot talk freely on the conference.你在会上不能随便讲话。
　　freeway 高速公路

23. freeze
　　freezing point冰点/ cold 非常寒冷
　　below freezing 零度以下
　　frozen food 冷冻食品
　　The smile froze on her lips. 她的笑容僵住了。
　　Freeze or I'll shoot! 别动，否则我就开枪了。
　　The thief froze when he heard the footsteps approaching.

24. from
　　~ beginning to end从头到尾; ~ now/then on 从现在/那时开始
　　~ generation to generation 一代代的 ~ door to door挨家挨户的;
　　~ morning to night 从早到晚，from time to time不时的

25. front
　　at/in ~ of 在外部的前面vs. in the ~ of 在内部的前面
　　例如：He is standing in front of the students.
　　He is standing in the front of the classroom.
　　~ door 前门；go to the ~ 去前线

26. full
　　be ~满了，吃报了; be ~ of 充满; ~ name 全称
　　take full advantages= make full use of 充分利用
　　at full speed 以全速
　　The roses are in full bloom. 玫瑰花在怒放
　　living life to the full 充实有意义的生活

27. fun
　　n. It is ~这是快乐的事；for ~为了好玩, full of ~ 充满你乐趣
　　What ~ it is…!
　　注意：fun 并不适合抽象名词具体化得原则，因此不能加冠词 “a”。
　　Have fun 玩得愉快！make fun of 开…的玩笑

28. function
　　n. perform a ~:履行职责
　　v. 运转 ~ well/properly
　　~ as: 起……作用；当……使用
　　The sofa can also function as a bed.

29. gain
　　~ high score/experience/support/ reputation
　　~ sth. from… 从……获益
　　~ weight增肥/speed加速/height增高
　　The watch gained two minutes. 表快了两分钟。

30. gather
　　gather together 聚会
　　~ at the gate 在门口集合
　　A crowd gathered （聚拢）to see what had happened.
　　Dark clouds were gathering in the sky. Heavy rain would come soon.
　　We are invited to a small social gathering
　　The people had to gather up their few possessions and escaped abroad.
　　The harvest has been safely gathered in. 收集
1. general
　　n. 将军；in ~ 通常情况下
　　adj. the ~ opinion大众的意见, the ~ manager 总经理
　　~ly speaking 一般来说
　　此外speaking还可以接：personally/ frankly/ briefly/ honestly/ strictly speaking
　　The plan has been generally accepted.
　　It is ~ly accepted that…

2. get
　　~ a cold感冒; ~ sth. done 把某事做完, get caught 被捉，遇到
　　I got caught in the rain. 我遇雨了。
　　~ down to (doing) sth. 着手做…; ~ along with sth./sb. 某事进展如何，与某人相处
　　~ off下车, get out of走出…, get about走动, get rid of 除掉
　　get over（=recover） from… 从…中恢复
　　get through =完成, 顺利通过考试，电话打通，
　　get into trouble 陷入麻烦

3. give
　　~ away赠送，背叛，泄露;
　　~in 屈服
　　Do you think the President will give in to the terrorists' demand?
　　~up (doing) sth.放弃;
　　~ off/out散发;
　　~ out 用完；消耗尽；精疲力竭；（指发动机等）停止运转，出故障
　　After a month their food supplies gave out.
　　Her patience finally gave out.
　　One of the plane’s engines gave out in mid-Atlantic.
　　~ birth to… 产生
　　A hobby gave birth to a successful business.

4. go
　　have a go at sth. 尝试…; on the go忙碌
　　~ bad变坏 The food can easily go bad in Summer.
　　~ ahead 前进，发生; ~ all out for全力以赴
　　go about sth.着手做…
　　As time goes by随着时间的推移
　　~off= explode 爆炸
　　~ out 熄灭 The light went out in the night.
　　~over 检查，复习
　　~ through 通过，检查, 经历 He went through a lot of pains.
　　~ in for…对…感兴趣; go out for…竞选= compete for
　　We sat and watched the sun go down. 我们坐下看太阳落山。
　　The thieves ran away when the burglar alarm went off.当警报响起的时候贼跑了。
　　They went through our luggage at the customs.在海关他们检查我们的行李。

5. good
　　It’s no good doing…没用,徒劳
　　do ~ to…/ be ~ for … 对于…有好处
　　Enough is as good as (=nearly) a feast.知足常乐。
　　She left her country for good. （=for ever）他永远离开了祖国。

6. graduate
　　v. ~ from…从…毕业; n. a ~ 毕业生
　　Only 30 students graduated from …
　　~ school 研究生院；~ student研究生；
　　~ certificate毕业证书

7. grow
　　link-v. It grows dark. 天色渐晚。
　　vi. 生长 The trees grow well.
　　区别：plant 种植 vt. We plant the trees every year.
　　The boy grows into a man.
　　My son's only interest seems to be motorbikes, but I suppose he will grow out of it.
　　（停止，戒除）

8. guide
　　a tour ~导游; guide book 旅行指南；
　　v. ~ sb. to do sth.指导某人做某事；~ sb. to some place
　　He guided the man through the streets to the railway station.

9. habit
　　get into /grow/ develop the habit of…培养…习惯; be in the ~ of 有…的习惯
　　get rid of ~/kick/ break off a ~ 改掉习惯

10. hand
　　at hand 在近旁,即将发生
　　by ~手工的; in~ = under control 在控制中
　　~ in ~手拉手, catch sb. by the ~捉住某人的手
　　~ in 上交, ~ out 分发
　　He asked for her hand.求婚
　　I only heard the news at second hand.（二手的，间接的）

11. hang
　　hang on坚持（=hold on）,不挂电话
　　Hang on at your present job until you can get another.
　　hang out 消磨时光 We would like to hang out at night.
　　He hung out of the window.伸出窗外
　　hang up the phone 挂断电话
　　He saw the clothes hanging（悬挂，注意不用被动语态） on the back of the door.

12. happen
　　~ to do sth. 恰巧做某事; sth. be likely to ~ 某事有可能发生
　　There happened to be… 恰巧

13. harmony
　　in ~ with…和谐
　　His tastes are in harmony with mine. 相同

14. have
　　have sb./ sth. do/ doing/ done （根据主被动来决定用现在分词还是过去分词）
　　My mother had me buy some food downstairs.
　　Don’t have the water running all the time.
　　I had my room cleaned yesterday.
　　have sth. to do with … 与…有关
　　have done with sth.= finish sth. 完成

15. head
　　Use your head!动动脑子！ Lose one’s head. 不知所措
　　He has a good head for maths. 他天生数学好。
　　~ of the department 部门的领导
　　v. ~ for 朝…走去；引起某种结果
　　They look as if they are heading for devoice.

16. hear
　　I heard she got married.
　　hear from sb.收到某人的来信；hear of/ about sth. 听说…
　　hearing aid助听器
　　On hearing the news, his jaw dropped.
　　听到这个消息，他惊讶得张口结舌。

17. help
　　can’t help doing禁不住做某事=can’t help but do
　　help sb. with…在…方面帮助某人; with the ~ of 因为有了…的帮助
　　sb./sth. be of great/little ~ 某人/某物很有帮助/没有帮助。
　　adj. helpful , helpless
　　help…out帮助某人解决困难

18. hire
　　hire sth.租用，租借;hire sb.雇用
　　~ vs. fire 解聘
　　n. bicycle for ~ 供出租的自行车

19. hit
　　v. hit sb. on the nose/in the stomach 打某人的某个部位
　　The car hit the side of the road. 车撞到了马路牙子上。
　　be badly/severely/hard ~ 撞的很惨
　　n. The record was a big hit （成功）and sold a million copies.

20. hold
　　~ a meeting 开会, ~ a pen 握住笔, ~ hands拉手
　　I don’t think that branch will ~ your weight. 承重
　　He holds strong views on education. 保有…的观点
　　~ sb./sth. back 保留,阻止
　　~ off延迟远离
　　The rain held off just long enough for us to have our picnic.
　　雨一时下不起来，我们有足够的时间吃完野餐。
　　~ on 坚持,稍等 He held on to the rope
1. honor
n光荣; 荣幸：
　　It is a great honour to be invited.
　　承蒙邀请, 十分荣幸.

荣誉; 名誉; 信誉：
　　fight for the honour of one's country
　　为祖国的荣誉而战

an ~ to sth/sb 给某事物[某人]增光的人或事物：
　　She is an honour to her profession.
　　她是同行的光荣.

have the honour (of sth)获得某种特权; 获得某种特殊的荣幸：
　　May I have the honour of this dance?
　　可以赏光和我跳这个舞吗?

in honour of sb/sth；in sb's/sth's honour出於对某人[某事物]的敬意：
　　a ceremony in honour of those killed in battle
　　为纪念阵亡将士而举行的仪式.

v ~ sb/sth (with sth) 向某人[某事物]致敬; 表扬某人; 给某人以荣誉：
　　I feel highly honoured by your trust.
　　我得到您的信任, 感到十分荣幸.

2. hope
n [C, U] ~ (of/for sth)；~ (of doing sth/that...) 希望
　　Our hopes for fine weather were not disappointed.
　　我们盼望天气好, 这倒并未落空.

[C sing 通常作单数]使人抱有希望的人﹑事物或情况：
　　You are my last hope; if you can't help, I'm ruined.
　　你是我最後的希望, 你要是帮不了我, 我就完了.

in the hope of sth/that...怀着...的希望：
　　I called in the hope of finding her at home.
　　我希望她能在家才给她打的电话.

v ~ (for sth)
(a)希望, 期待（某事物）; （对某事物）有信心：
　　We haven't heard from him for weeks but we're still hoping (for a letter).
　　我们已经有好几个星期没有听到他的消息了, 但是仍然在盼望着（能有信来）.
　　I hope to announce the winner shortly.
　　我希望马上宣布胜利者的名字.

(b) 但愿（某事物）; 想望：
　　Will it rain tomorrow? I hope not/so. 明天会下雨吗? 但愿不会下[能下]
　　hope for the best 希望获得好结果.

3. however
adv无论如何; 不管多麽：
　　You won't move that stone, however strong you are.
　　不管你力气多大, 也休想搬动那块石头.

然而; 不过; 仍然：
　　She felt ill. She went to work, however, and tried to concentrate.
　　她病了. 然而她照旧去上班, 并且尽力集中精神工作.

however interrog adv究竟怎样; 到底以什麽方式：
　　However did you get here without a car?
　　没有汽车你究竟是怎样来的呢?

4. hurt
使（某人[自己]﹑ 身体的某个部位﹑ 动物等）受伤或受肉体痛苦：
　　Did you hurt yourself?
　　你把自己弄伤了吗?

感到或引起疼痛：
　　My leg hurts. 我腿疼.

使（某人）精神痛苦; 伤（某人）心; 伤（感情）; 使烦恼：
　　It hurts.

对（某事物）有不良影响; 损害：
　　Sales of the product have been seriously hurt by the adverse publicity.
　　该产品受到了反面宣传, 销量大受影响.

n 1 [U, ~ (to sth)精神上的痛苦或创伤：
　　The experience left me with a feeling of deep hurt.
　　这段经历给我心灵上留下了严重的创伤.

[C]肉体 上的伤害或痛苦.

5. idea
n [C]构想; 思想; 主意：
　　He's full of good ideas. 他足智多谋.

[U, sing] 印象; 感想：
　　This book gives you some idea/a good idea of life in ancient Greece.
　　这本书可以使你对古希腊人的生活有一些认识[有深入的了解].

[C]意见; 信念：
　　He has some very strange ideas. 他有一些奇怪的想法.

get the idea理解：
　　Do you get the idea? 你明白了吗?

have no idea不知道; 无能力：
　　He has no idea how to manage people.
　　他根本不知道如何做人事工作.

6. ignore
v忽视（某人[某事物]）：
　　You've been ignoring me.
　　你一直不把我放在眼里

对（某人）故意不打招呼﹑ 不予承认或不予理睬：
　　I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely!
　　我向她打招呼, 可她根本不理我!

7. ill
adv (尤用以构成复合词) 坏; 恶劣地：
　　an ill-written book 写得很差劲的书

不利地; 不友好地; 坏：
　　speak/think ill of sb 说某人坏话/对某人不怀好感
　　ill-mannered adj 无礼貌的; 举止粗鲁的.
　　ill-natured adj脾气坏的; 粗暴的; 不厚道的; 不仁慈的：
　　an ill-natured person

adj （身体上或精神上）不适, 不健康, 有病：
　　He's been ill for two weeks.
　　他病了两个星期了.

[作定语] (a)不好的; 不良的; 坏的; 糟糕的：ill health 不健康 (b)有害的; 邪恶的：suffer no ill effects 未受坏影响. (c)不友好的; 敌意的; 怨恨的：
　　You ought to apologize and show there is no ill feeling between you.
　　你应当道歉, 表明你们之间并无恶感.

[作定语]不利的; 不吉的：
　　ill luck 恶运

8. imagine
v 想像, 设想（某事物）：
　　magine a house with a big garden.
　　设想有一所带大花园的房子.
　　Imagine that you are in London.
　　想像一下你正在伦敦吧.
　　She imagined walking into the office and telling everyone what she thought of them.
　　她想像自己走进办公室, 对每个人都说出自己对他们的看法.

料想, 设想, 想到（某事物）：
　　I can't imagine that anyone cares what I do.
　　我想不出谁会关心我的所作所为.
　　I can't imagine living anywhere but England.
　　我很难设想能到英国以外的地方去生活.

猜想（某事物）; 认为：
　　I imagine (that) he'll be there.
　　我猜他会到那儿去.

9. impress
v ~ sb (with sth) 给予某人深刻印象; 使某人钦佩而起敬：
　　The sights of the city never fail to impress foreign tourists.
　　外国游客无一不对该市留有深刻印象.
　　The girl impressed her fiance's family with her liveliness and sense of humour.
　　姑娘又活泼又富幽默感, 未婚夫家人十分喜欢她.
　　We were most impressed with/by your efficiency.
　　你的工作效率很高, 我们极为钦佩.

~ sth on/upon sb使某人铭记某事物; 使某人深深意识到某事物：
　　His words impressed themselves on my memory.
　　他的话铭刻在我的记忆里.

~ sth (in/on sth)用硬物压入软物表面而留下痕迹; 盖印：
　　designs impressed on/in wax 在蜡板上压印出的图样.

10. include
v 包括, 包含（某人[某事物]）：
　　The conference delegates included representatives from abroad.
　　大会代表中有来自海外的代表.

~ sb/sth (in/among sth)使（某人[某事物]）成为整体中的一部分：
　　include an article (in a newspaper) （在报纸上）登一篇文章
　　Detailed instructions are included in the booklet.
　　小册子中有详细说明.

including prep包括（某人[某事物]）在内：
　　The band played many songs, including some of my favourites.
　　乐队演奏了许多歌曲, 包括几首我最喜爱的.

11. increase
v ~ (sth) (from A) (to B)增加, 增大（数目﹑ 数量﹑ 体积等）：
　　The population has increased from 1.2 million 10 years ago to 1.8 million now.
　　人口从10年前的120万已增加到现在的180万.
　　The rate of inflation has increased by 2%.
　　通货膨胀率已增长了2%.
　　He increased his speed to overtake the lorry.
　　他加大速度以超过前面的货车.

n ~ (in sth)增加的量：
　　Greater spending on education is expected to lead to a large increase in the number of students.
　　希望在教育上多投资以期多收学生.

12. inform
v ~ sb (of/about sth)通知或报告某人（某事）; 告诉某人：
　　Keep me informed (of/about what happens).
　　有事随时通知我.
　　He informed the police that some money was missing.
　　他向警方报案说有些钱不见了.

informed adj有知识的; 见闻广的; 了解情况的：
　　an informed guess,有根据的猜测.

13. intend
v ~ sth (as sth)打算; 意欲; 想要：
　　It's not what I intended (it to be).
　　那并不是我的本意.
　　I intended to do it, but I'm afraid I forgot.
　　我本有意去做, 但很遗憾, 我忘记了.

为某人定下计画或目标：
　　I intend that you shall take over the business.
　　我有意让你接管公司.
　　You weren't intended to hear that remark.
　　你按说不应该听那些话.

~ sth for sb为某人准备某事物; 要使某人受某事物的影响：
　　I think the bomb was intended for me.
　　我认为那颗炸弹是要炸我的.

~ sth as sth打算使某事物成为另一事物：
　　Was that remark intend