中考英语写作指导--初中英语重要句型.doc

中考英语写作指导
初中英语重要句型  初中英语写作中常见的句型
句型1：There＋be ＋主语＋地点状语／时间状语
There's a boat in the river．河里有条船。
There are seven days in a week．一周有七天。
句型2：What's wrong with＋sb．／sth．？
What's wrong with you？你怎么啦？
What's wrong with your watch？你的手表有什么毛病？
句型3：How do you like．．．？
How do you like China？你觉得中国怎么样？
句型4：What do you like about．．．？
What do you like about China？你喜欢中国的什么？
句型5：had better（not）＋动词原形
You'd better ask that policeman over there．你最好去问问那边的那个警察。
句型6：How＋adj．／adv．＋主语＋谓语！
What a／an＋adj．＋n．＋主语＋谓语！
How cold it is today ！今天多冷啊！
What a fine picture it is！多美的一幅图画呀！
句型7：Thank＋sb．＋for（doing）sth．
Thank you for coming to see me．感谢你来看我。
句型8：So＋be／情态动词／助动词＋主语
He is a student．So am I．他是一个学生，我也是。
句型9：．．．not．．．until．．．
He didn't have supper until his parents came back．直到他的父母回来他才吃饭。
句型10：比较级＋and＋比较级
The baby cried harder and harder．那孩子哭得越来越厉害。
句型11：the ＋比较级，the ＋比较级
The more one has，the more one wants．越有越贪。
句型12：．．．as＋adj．／adv．＋as．．．
．．not as（so）＋adj．／adv．＋as．．．
Do you think that art is as important as music？你认为艺术和音乐一样重要吗？
Last Sunday the weather was not so wet as it is today．上个星期天的天气不如今天的天气潮湿。
句型13：more／less＋adj．＋than．．．
I think English is more useful than Japanese．我认为英语比日语有用。
I think art is less important than music．我认为艺术不如音乐重要。
句型14：stop．．．from doing sth．
The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from blowing the earth away．绿色长城将阻挡风吹走土壤。
句型15：both．．．and．．．
Both you and I are students．我和你都是学生。
句型16：either．．．or．．．
Either you or he is wrong ．不是你错就是他错。
句型17：neither．．．nor．．．
Neither he nor I am a student．我和他都不是学生。
句型18：．．．as soon as．．．
As soon as I see him，I'll give him the message．我一见到他，我就把你的消息告诉他。
句型19：．．．so＋adj．／adv．＋that．．．
I was so tired that I didn't want to speak．我累得连话也不想说了。
句型20：Though．．．＋主句
Though I like writing to my pen-friend，it takes a lot of time．虽然我喜欢给笔友写信，但它要耗费我大量时间。
句型 21：be going to
This afternoon I'm going to buy an English book．今天下午我要去买本英语书。
句型 22：be different from
I think this is different from Chinese names．我认为这与汉语名字不同。
句型 23：Welcome（back）to．．．
Welcome to Shenyang！欢迎到沈阳来！
Welcome back to school！欢迎回到学校！
句型 24：have fun doing
We're going to have fun learning and speaking English this term．这学期我们将兴味盎然地学习和讲英语。
句型 25：．．．because．．．／．．．，so．．．
I don't know all your names because this is our first lesson．因为这是我们的第一节课，所以我并不知道你们所有人的名字。
he was ill，so she didn't go to school．她生病了，因此没有上学。
句型 26：Why don't you．．．？／Why not．．．？
Why don't you come to school a little earlier？为什么不早点到校呢？
Why not join us？为什么不加入我们？
句型 27：make it
Let's make it half past nine．让我们定在九点半吧！
句型 28：have nothing to do
They have nothing to do every day．他们每天无所事事。
句型 29：be sure／be sure of／about sth．／be sure to do sb．
I think so，but I'm not sure．我想是这样，但不敢确定。
I was not sure of／about the way，so I asked someone．我对于怎么走没有把握，所以我问别人了。
It's sure to rain．必定会下雨。
句型 30：between．．．and．．．
There is a shop between the hospital and the school．在那家医院和那所学校之间有一家商店。
句型 31：keep sb．／sth．＋adj．／V-ing／介词补语／adv．
You must keep your classroom clean．你们必须保持教室干净。
Sorry to have kept you waiting．对不起，让你久等。
Can you keep him in the room ？你能让他在这个房里吗？
Keep them here．让他们在这儿呆着。
句型 32：find ＋宾语＋宾补
He finds it very hard to travel around the big city ．他发现要环游这个大城市是很难的。
句型 33：．．．not．．．anymore／longer
The old man doesn't travel any more．这位老人不再旅行了。
He isn't a thief any longer．他不再是个贼。
句型 34：What's the weather like．．．？
What's the weather like in spring in your hometown ？在你们家乡春天天气怎么样？
句型 35：There is no time to do／have no time to do
There was no time to think．没有时间思考。
I have no time to go home for lunch．我没有时间回家吃午饭。
句型 36：Help oneself to．．．
Help yourself to some fish．吃鱼吧！
句型 37：used to do
I used to read this kind of story books．我过去常读这种故事书。
句型 38：borrow ．．．from
I borrowed a book from him．我从他那借了一本书。
句型 39：lend sb．sth．／lend sth．to sb．
He lent me a story book／He lent a story book to me．他借了本故事书给我。
句型 40：have been to
Have you ever been to Haw aii？你曾去过夏威夷吗？
句型41：have gone to
Where's he？He's gone to Washington．他在哪儿？他去华盛顿了。
句型42：be famous for
Hawaii is famous for its beautiful beaches．夏威夷以它美丽的海滩而出名。
句型43：No matter ＋疑问句＋主句
No matter when you come，you are welcomed．无论你们什么时候来，都受欢迎。
句型44：be afraid（of／todo／that．．．）
I'm afraid not．恐怕不能。
Don't be afraid of making mistakes when speaking English．当说英语时不要害怕犯错误。
He's afraid to go out at night．晚上他不敢出去。
I'm afraid that he can't come here tomorrow．恐怕他明天不能来这儿。
句型45：．．．as．．．as possible／．．．as．．．as sb．can
I hope to see him as soon as possible．我希望能尽快见到他。
He ran here as fast as he could．他尽最大努力跑到这儿。
句型46：practise／enjoy／finish doing
A young man practised speaking English with Mr Green．一个年青人和格林先生练习说英语。
Tom enjoys playing football very much．汤姆很喜欢踢足球。
He finished reading the story book．他看完了那本故事书。
句型47：It's said that．．．
It's said that one of the most dangerous sharks is the Great White Shark．据说最危险的鲨鱼之一是大白鲨。
句型48：Not all／everyone．．．
Not all sharks are alike．并不是所有的鲨鱼都一样。
Not everyone likes dumplings．并不是每个人都喜欢饺子。
句型49：be based on
His argument is based on facts．他的论断是以事实为根据的。
句型50：．．．so that．．．
Put the tree in the hole so that it is straight．把树放入洞穴中，让它立直。
句型51：be＋num．＋metres／kilometres／years．．．＋long／wide／deep／high／old．．．
The Great Green Wall is 7，000 kilometres long．绿色长城长7000公里。
The river is about 2 metres deep．这条河大约有2米深。
The boy is about 12 years old ．这个男孩约12岁。
句型52：keep．．．from doing
The heavy rain kept us from starting out．大雨阻止了我们出发。
句型53：with one's help．．．
With Tom's help，I've come to America to study further．在汤姆的帮助下，我来到美国深造。
句型54：I don't think．．．
I don't think any of them is interesting．我认为他们中任何一个都无趣。
句型55：What's the population of．．．？
What's the population of Germany ？德国的人口有多少？
句型56：prefer to do．．．rather than do
They prefer to buy a new one rather than repair it．他们更喜欢买一辆新车，而不愿去修理它。
句型57：be worth（doing）．．．
This book is worth reading．这本书值得读。
句型58：regard ．．．as
They regarded their pets as members of their families．他们把宠物视为家庭成员。
句型59：be confident of
I'm confident of success．我确信会成功。
句型60：seem to do／seem ＋adj．／（介词短语）
He seems to be angry．他似乎生气了。
The house seems too noisy．这房子似乎太吵了。
句型61：be angry with ／about ／at（doing）
We're all very angry with ourselves．我们都很生自己的气。
I was angry about his decision to build a factory here．我很生气他决定把工厂建在这儿。
I was angry at being kept waiting．这样一直等我很生气。
句型62：pay for／pay ．．．for
He paid for the book and went away．他付完书款便离开了。
I paid him ￡200 for the painting．买这幅画我付了他200英镑。

初中英语写作中常见的十二种句型
    句型(一)
　　such+名词性词组+that…
　　So+形容词/副词+that…——如此……以致……
　　例如：(1)She is such a good teacher that we all love her.她是一个好老师，我们都爱她。
　　(2)It was such a hot day that they didn’t go out for a walk as usual.这么热的天气，他们没有像往常一样去散步。
　　注意点：
　　1.such+a+形容词+名词+that…，可以改写成：so+形容词+a+名词+that…，例句(1)可以改写成：She is so good a teacher that we all love her.
　　2.在such+形容词+名词复数或不可数名词+that…结构中，形容词如果是many/few或much/little时，用so不用such，即：so+many/few+可数名词复数+that…，so+much/little+不可数名词+that…
　　(1)There are so many people in the room that I can’t get in.房间里人太多，我进不去。
　　(2)The man has so much money that he can buy a car.那人很有钱，他能买一辆小汽车。
　　句型(二)
　　There be…，either…or…，neither…nor…，not only…but also…
　　例如：(1)There is a pen and two pencils in his pencil-box.他的铅笔盒里有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。
　　(2)Not only you but also I have been to the Great Wall.你和我都没有去过长城。
　　(3)Either you or I am leaving for Shanghai.要么你去上海，要么我去上海。
　　(4)Neither you nor he is right.你和他都不对。
　　(5)Both Jack and Tim are English.
　　Jack和Tim是英国人。
　　注意点：
　　当这几个句型连接主语时，谓语动词的人称和数要考虑“就近原则”，对比both…and… 来记忆，both…and…连接主语时视为复数。
　　句型(三)
　　Enough+名词+to do…——有足够的……做某事
　　形容词/副词+enough+to do …——足够……做某事
　　例如：(1)There is enough room to hold these people to have a meeting.有足够的地方容下这些人开会。
　　(2)The boy is strong enough to carry the heavy box.这个男孩力气够大，能搬动这只箱子。
　　注意点：
　　enough做副词修饰形容词或副词时，放在所修饰词的后面，句子可以用so…that…句型改写。例句(2)可以改写为：The boy is so strong that he can carry the heavy box.这个男孩力气很大，能搬动这只箱子。
　　句型(四)
　　too+形容词/副词+to do…——太……以致不能……
　　例如：(1)I was too excited to say a word.我激动得一个字也说不出来。
　　(2)Tom is too short to reach the apple. Tom太矮了，拿不到那个苹果。
　　注意点：
　　这是一个否定句型，不能在不定式前加 not，可以用so…that…结构改写，例如例句(1)可以改写成：I was so excited that I couldn’t say a word.
    句型(五)
　　So that …——以便/以致……
　　例如：(1)They studied hard so that they could pass the exam.他们学习很努力，为了能通过考试。
　　(2)They started early so that they caught the early bus.他们起得很早，结果赶上了早班车。
　　注意点：
　　在例句(1)中,是引导目的状语；在例句(2)中，是引导结果状语。一般来讲，从句中含有情态动词的，为目的状语。无情态动词的，为结果状语。
　　句型(六)
　　祈使句+then/or/and+陈述句
　　例如：(1)Work hard,and/then/and then you will live a happy life.努力工作，你就会过上幸福生活。
　　(2)Hurry up, or we will be late for school.　快点，否则我们上学就迟到了。
　　注意点：
　　以上句型都可以用条件状语从句来改写。例句(2)可以改写成：If we don’t hurry up,we’ll be late for school.
　　句型(七)
　　(1)It’s time for sth.是干某事的时间了。
　　It’s time (for sb) to do sth.该干某事了。
　　It’s time that sb did sth.该干某事了。
　　例如：(1) It’s time for the meeting.该开会了。
　　(2)It’s time for us to go to school.我们该上学了。
　　(3)It’s high time that you went to bed.你该上床休息了。
　　注意点：
　　在句型(3)中，可以在time前加rush、 high等修饰词，这个句型是虚拟语气的一种，含有“稍迟一点”的含义。而(2)则是“正是干某事的时候”。
　　句型(八)
　　(1)It takes sb. Some time to do sth.干某事花某人一些时间
　　(2)sb. spend some time on sth./(in) doing sth.某人花时间在某事上/花时间干某事
　　(3)spend some money on sth./(in) doing sth.花钱在某物上/花钱干某事
　　(4)sth. cost sb. Some money——某事花某人一些钱
　　(5)pay some money for sth.为某事(物)付钱
　　例如：(1)It took me two hours to write the letter.写这封信花了我两小时的时间。
　　(2)He spends half an hour (in) reading English every morning.他每天早上花半小时读英语。
　　(3)He spends one hour on the housework every day.他每天花一小时做家务。
　　(4)The bike cost me 298 yuan.这辆自行车花了我298元。
　　(5)I spent 298 yuan on the bike.我买这辆自行车花了298 元。
　　(6)I paid 298 yuan for the bike.我花了298元买这辆自行车。
　　注意点：cost主语一般为物；spend、pay主语一般为人。例(1)中it 用做形式主语，动词不定式为真正主语。
    句型(九)
　　(1)Why not do…?为什么不干某事？
　　(2)Let’s do …让我们干某事吧。
　　(3)Shall we do …?我们干某事好吗？
　　(4)Would you like something/to do sth.…?你想要什么吗？你想要干…吗？
　　(5)Will you please do …?请你干某事好吗？
　　(6)What (How) about doing…?干某事怎么样？
　　例如：(1)Why not go and ask our teacher?Good idea!Let’s go.为什么不去问问老师？好主意！走吧！
　　(2)Shall we go out for a walk?No, let’s go to the zoo.我们去散步怎么样？不，我们去动物园吧。
　　(3)Will you please fetch some chalks for me?请你给我拿些粉笔，好吗？
　　(4)What about singing an English song? Wonderful!唱首英语歌曲怎么样？好极了！
　　注意点：这些句型都是表示“建议”的句子，可视为同义句。
　　句型(十)
　　(1)Let’s go out for a walk,shall we?让我们出去散步，好吗？
　　(2)Read the book carefully,will you?认真读书，好吗？
　　注意点：在这两个句型中，(2)所代表的祈使句，一般用will you构成反意疑问句。在(1)中Let’s表示包括“我”在内，用shall we，但若是let us，表示不包括“我”在内，则用will you。
　　例如：Let us go out for a walk,will you?你让我们出去散散步，好吗？
　　句型(十一)
　　So+be/助动词/情态动词+主语——也……
　　Neither/Nor+be/助动词/情态动词+主语——也不……
　　例如：(1)He can sing a lot of English songs,so can she.他会唱很多英语歌曲，她也是。
　　(2)She speaks English very well,so do I.她英语说得好，我也是。
　　(3)Li Lei hasn’t read this book,neither has Lin Feng.李蕾没看过这本书，林风也没看过。
　　注意点：这两个句型都表示和前面所陈述的内容相同，用倒装句。要注意和 “so+主语+be/助动词/情态动词——确实是”相区别，试对比一下例(2)：
　　A：She speaks English very well.她英语说得很好。
　　B：so she does.确实是这样。
　　句型(十二)
　　I don’t think his answer is right.我认为他的答案不对。
　　例如：(1)I can’t believe she is right.我相信她是不对的。
　　(2)You don’t think they will come tomorrow, do you?你认为他们明天不会来，是吗？
　　注意点：Think、believe、suppose 等接宾语从句时，表示否定时否定主句。变为反意疑问句时，若主语是第一人称，简短问句与宾语从句的主谓语保持一致，若主句主语是其他人称，与主句主谓语保持一致。例(1)变为反意疑问句应为：I can’t believe she is right, is she?