Module-8-Unit-3-导学案(教师版).doc

南通大学附属中学2014-2015学年度《高中英语》模块八 Unit 3 导学案
Module 8 Unit 3 The world of colours and light (教师版)

Welcome & Reading:
1. Abstract art is about shapes, colors and textures rather than objects.
rather than: 与其（某人/ 物），不愿，不要，而不是
1) I think I’ll have a cold drink rather than coffee. 我想喝冷饮，不想喝咖啡。
2) These shoes are comfortable rather than pretty. 这些鞋子与其说漂亮倒不如说是舒服。
3) He ran rather than walked there. 他是跑过去，而不是走过去的。
4) Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price.
不想让蔬菜就这样烂掉，他以半价把它们卖了。
5) Rather than squeezing your own oranges, have you tried buying packs of orange juice?
你是否试过买几盒橙汁，而不是自己榨？
other than 除了 more than 超过，多于；不仅仅
You can’t get there by swimming (B)
A. outside B. other than C. beyond D. rather than

abstract adj. 抽象的，抽象派的 abstract art an abstract painting
We may talk of beautiful things, but beauty itself is abstract.
我们尽可谈论美的事物，然而美本身却是抽象的
(opp.) concrete 具体的

2. As you know, I am with my aunt and grandmother. (P34, L2)
as 如，正如 引导非限制性定语从句。as is reported in the newspaper 正如报纸上报导的那样
1) As all his friends say, he is usually warm-hearted, loving and generous.
正如他所有的朋友所说的那样，他非常热心，有爱心，也很大方。
2) He is , as you can see , short of money now. 正如你看到的，我现在很缺钱。

3. Near the house where Picasso was born is a museum full of his art. (P 34, L 7)
地点状语提前引起完全倒装，正常语序为
A museum full of his art is near the house where Picasso was born.
At the foot of the mountain lies a village. 一个村子座落在山脚下。
On the wall hangs an oil painting Picasso painted. 墙上挂着一幅毕加索画的自画像.
At the top of the hill there is an old temple, in front of which stands a hundred-year-old tree.
在山顶上有一座古庙,庙的前面有一棵百年大树。

4. architecture n. 建筑学;建筑 modern architecture
architectural adj. 建筑学的;建筑上的
architect n. 建筑师;设计师 ; 缔造者,创造者

5. I was amazed to learn that Picasso had an output of more than 20,000 pieces of art …. (P 34, line 8)
amaze vt. & n. 使惊奇，使惊愕 --- surprise greatly; cause wonder in
1) Your knowledge amazes me. 你的知识面让我很惊讶。
2) It amazed me to hear that you were leaving. 听说他要离开了我很惊愕。
3) To my amazement, I came first.
4) I was amazed to see everything was in a mess when I came back from holiday.
5) They were amazed at the sight of the huge dog.
6) Everyone was amazed that she still had energy after running a marathon.
more than 1) 超过，多于 2) 不仅仅 not only （no more than = only）
3) be ~ +adj. 非常 4) 超过，胜过
1) Mr. Li has been abroad for more than 20 years. ( greater in quantity )
李先生在国外待了20多年。
2) English Weekly is more than a newspaper. 英语周报不仅仅是一份报纸。
3) I am more than happy to take you there in my car. (very, extremely)
我非常乐意用我的车带你去那儿。
4) I like watermelons more than other fruits. (better than)
我爱西瓜胜过其他水果。
5) The noise which the Smiths upstairs made was more than I could bear, so I decided to move.
楼上史密斯一家弄出的噪音已超出我能忍受的范围，因此我决定搬家。

6. medium n. [c] (pl.) media 1）(传达，表现的)手段，工具
Newspaper is a prime medium of communication.. 报纸是主要的传播工具
an advertising medium 广告媒体
the mass medium 大众传播媒体
2）（传声音，热等的）导体，媒介物
Air is the medium of sound.
adj. 中等的，中间的 a man of medium height 中等身高的人
medium size 中号（尺寸）

7. He experimented with different styles of painting, but was most famous for his work in Cubism, which often uses acute angles and where the world is represented as being constructed of cubes and rectangles.(P34, L10)
句中Cubism为先行词，后接两个非限制性定语从句，分别由关系代词which和关系副词where引导。
experiment n. & vi. 实验，试验
make / carry out / perform / conduct/ do an experiment 做实验 by experiment 通过实验/ 试验
experiment on / upon / with sth. 用…做实验，尝试，试用
1) To find a new cure for the disease, he made a lot of experiments.
为了找到治疗这种疾病的新方法，他做了大量实验。
2) Find out by experiment what foods the baby likes. 通过试验来弄清楚婴儿这喜欢吃什么。
3) He experimented on rats. 他用老鼠做实验。
4) The teacher is experimenting with a new teaching method. 那位老师正在试验新教学方法。

8. represent vt. 1) 代表 to be a member of a group and act or speak on their behalf at an event, a meeting, etc
1) The competition attracted over 500 contestants representing 8 different countries.
这次比赛吸引了代表8个不同国家的500多名参赛者。
2) Words represent ideas. 文字/语言代表观念。
3) The brown represents the desert in the map. 地图上褐色表示沙漠。
4) Do you mean that pop songs represent a new trend in modern music ?
你的意思是流行歌曲代表了现代音乐的新潮流？
2) 展现，描绘，描述，表现 --- be shown in a picture represent sb as …
5) This painting represents a hunting scene in the 17th century.
这幅画描绘/表现的是17世纪的狩猎场面。
6) The risks were represented as negligible. 他们把风险说得微不足道。

9. Besides being a painter, da Vinci was also an architect, scientist and engineer …. (P34, L 20)
besides prep. 除……之外（还） --- in addition to ; as well as
1) We have no other books besides these old ones. 除了这些旧书外，我们没有其他的书。
2) Besides Tom, many other students went to the lecture last Friday.
除了汤姆外，许多其他学生也听了上周五的报告。
3) What other subjects do you like besides English? 除了英语外，你还喜欢其他什么功课？
besides adv. 而且 --- also ; in addition
4) I don’t like the tablecloth and, besides, it is too expensive. 我不喜欢这桌布，而且，它太贵了。
5) He was too tired to go there after the long journey. Besides, it was raining too heavily.

10. Besides the works of da Vinci, the Louvre Museum has more than 6,000 other European paintings, ranging from the 13th century to the 19th century. (P34, L24)
range from … to … 从……到……
The new supermarket provides a variety of goods, ranging from stationery to electronic products.

11. His paintings were typical of a style called Impressionism. (P35, L 29)
be typical of... 是……的典型,是...特有的
This wine is typical of the region. 这种酒是本地区的特产。
It is typical of him to take hard jobs. 抢重活干就是他的特点。

12. seek (P35, L 30) seek sought sought
1）寻找，探索，追求
seek shelter from the rain 寻找避雨之所
He is going to Canada to seek his fortune. 他去加拿大想赚大钱。
2)企图,试图 seek to do sth.
He sought to speak to her. 他寻找机会与她说话。
3)征求;请求 (ask for)
You should seek your doctor’s advice.

13. commit v. (p35, L39) committed committing
1) 犯(罪),做(错事等)
I committed an error in handling the business. 我在处理这一业务时犯了一个错误。
commit a crime 犯罪 commit murder 犯谋杀罪 commit suicide 自杀
2）把...交托给;把...提交给,全心全意投入
commit sb/sth to
The child was committed to the nurse's care. 孩子被交给护士照顾。
commit a man to prison 将某人交付监禁
Van Gogh committed his whole being to painting.
3）使承担义务;使作出保证;使表态
commit oneself to
He didn't commit himself to anything. 他没有作任何承诺。
commitment n.忠诚，献身；承诺，承担
committed adj.献身的，忠诚的，做出明确许诺的
be committed to sth./doing sth.
She’s very committed to her job
She’s very committed to helping people who are homeless.

phrases
1. think about doing 考虑做某事
2. be amazed to do 惊讶地做
3. experiment with different styles of painting 尝试不同风格绘画
4. acute angle 锐角
5. settle in some place 定居在某地
6. be impressed by sth. 对……印象深刻
7. a lady with a mysterious smile 一位带着神秘微笑的夫人
8. come on the market 面市
9. the primitive form of sth. ……的原型
10. range from … to … 从……到……
11. be typical of 是……的典型
12. float on the surface of a pond 浮在池塘的水面上
13. a wide variety of 各种各样的
14. oil paintings 油画
15. receive little reward 几乎没收到回报
16. act as 充当;担任
17. try hard to do sth. 尽力去做某事
18. commit one’s whole being to doing 全身心地投入……
19. be worth upward of millions of dollars 价值高达数百万美金
20. be off to … 动身去…
21. be constructed of 由......建造

Word power, Grammar & Task:
1. The paint is very thick. The secret to oil painting is to build up layer on layer on a canvas.（p38）
1) 积聚；聚集
Traffic is building up along the roads to the coast.

2) 增进；加强
发展体育运动，增强人民体质。
Promote physical culture and build up the people's health
艰苦的工作条件能磨练人的性格。
Hard working conditions build up character. (喻)

2．Li Ming has decided to take up painting as a hobby. (P39)
take up 1) 填满，占据（某空间或时间）2) 开始从事某事（尤指职业、业余爱好）
3) 拿起，抬起；4) 吸收液体；
5) 继续讲（中断的或他人未讲完的故事）6) 接受（建议或挑战）
1) This table takes up too much room. （占据）
2) She has taken up a job as a teacher. （开始从事某事）
3) This chapter takes up where the last one left off. （继续讲）
4) Blotting-paper takes up ink. （吸墨水）
5) Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing? （接受挑战）

3. A soft eraser will also be useful in case you want to make changes. (p39) 以防万一，免得
in case 作短语连词，能引导状语从句；in case作副词性短语，常置于句末。
in case of 置于句末常看作目的状语，作“以免，以防”解；置于句首常视为条件状语，作“如果，万一”解。
1) The wall was built along the river in case of floods.
2) You should keep a first-aid kit in the car in case of accident.
3) 万一有火灾，就拨119。 In case of fire, call 119.
4) 你最好带点钱，以防万一。 You had better carry some money in case.

Grammar and usage 倒装句 (Inversion)

英语句子通常有两种语序：一种是陈述语序，一种是倒装语序。将谓语的一部分或全部置于主语之前的语 序叫做倒装语序。而倒装可分为二种：将整个谓语提到主语之前的叫完全倒装（full inversion）；而只将be 、情态动词或者助动词放在主语之前的叫做部分倒装（partial inversion）。倒装的原因，一是语法结构的需要，二是为了强调。

一、完全倒装句：实意动词+主语

1. 副词+谓语+主语
在here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, away, off等副词开头的句子里，用来表示强调。
There goes the bell. Now comes your turn.
Out rushed the boy.
注意：如果主语为代词，则不需要倒装。
In he came and back he went again.
Here you are. Away he went.

2．There be + 主语+地点。其中动词be也可以是其他词，如lie，stand等。
There are many different kinds of mooncakes on the table .
There in Greece lived a famous thinker , named Aristotle .

3. 介词短语+谓语+主语
A girl stood in front of the house. = In front of the house stood a girl.
On the top of the mountain stood an old temple.

4. 表语置于句首，强调表语，或保持句子平衡。
（形容词、副词、ed分词、ing分词、介词）+be+主语
Present at the meeting was Professor Li.
Fastened to the pole was the national flag.
Hanging on the wall was a splendid painting.
Below are some of the major causes of road accidents.

二、部分倒装句: 助动词/情态动词 +主语 + 实意动词 即一般疑问句的语序

1. Only + 状语位于句首时,或often置于句首时。
Only then did I realize that I was wrong.
Only in this way can you learn from your friends.
Only when the war was over in 1949 was he able to get back home.
*Only his sister knows this. (only + 主语置于句首时不倒装)
Only the boy can work out the problem.
Often did we warn them not to do it.

2. hardly, never, not, not only, little, few, seldom, scarcely, rarely, by no means, at no time, not until, nowhere, in no case等否定词（短语）位于句首时。
常见句型有No sooner ( 倒装部分)…than…
Hardly /scarcely(倒装部分) … when…
Not only (倒装部分) … but also…
Not until…（倒装部分）…
Never shall I forget it.
Not a single mistake did he make.
Little did I know who the boy is.
No sooner had I reached the station than the train left.
Hardly had I reached the station when the train left.
Not only is he good at sports, but he (also) does well in lessons.
*Not only children but also adults enjoy the cartoon movie.(连接并列主语时不倒装)
He didn’t know what had happened until he came to the classroom. （普通句）
It was not until he came to the classroom that he knew what had happened. （强调句）
Not until he came to the classroom did he know what had happened. （倒装句）

3. so + adj. …that…中的so或 such …that…中的such位于句首时。
It was such an interesting film that they were all moved.
Such an interesting film was it that they were all moved.
He spoke so loudly that people in the next room could hear him.
So loudly did he speak that people in the next room could hear him.

4.，as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 （形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。此时应注意句首名词不能带任何冠词。
Though Mary is pretty, she is not polite..
Pretty as Mary is, she is not polite.
Though I might lose, I’ ll have a try.
Lose as I might, I’ ll have a try
Though he is a child, he knows a lot.
Child as he is, he knows a lot.

5. so位于句首，表示前句的内容也同样适用于后一个人或物（只能是肯定句，且前后两句的主语不相同），用so+ 连系动词/ 助动词/ 情态动词+主语
She is a teacher, so am I.
I can speak French. So can you.
They’ve known it. So has Miss Yang.
so表示“的确如此，确实是这样”，以示同意和肯定某种说法，或者加以强调时，常常不引起倒装。
*注意以下两句中的so的用法：
My father promised to buy me a dictionary. So she did. (so表示“的确”)
--Kate has made progress in English.
--So she has and so have you. （她的确是而你也是。）
表示两种情况适用于另一人，用So it is with ......或 It is the same with......
He is a good cook at home and takes good care of the children, and so it is with his wife. ( It is the same with his wife.)
He likes playing and doesn’ t like to study. So it is with his sister. (It is the same with his sister.)

6. neither / nor位于句首，表示前句的否定内容也同样适用于后一个人或物（只能用于否定句），用neither / nor + 连系动词/ 助动词/ 情态动词+主语
I have never been to Guiling, nor has he.
He hardly knows about the law. Neither do his parents.

7. 在省略if的虚拟条件句位于句首时。
If I were you, I would go with him.
Were I you, I would go with him.
If it should rain, the crops would grow better.
Should it rain, the crops would grow better.
If you had studied harder, you would have passed the exam.
Had you studied harder, you would have passed the exam.

8.在表示强烈的祝愿的祈使句中
Long live the People’s Republic of China!
May you succeed!
May our friendship last for good!
May you all be happy. 望大家开心愉快

倒装练习
1. As your spoken English improves, _____ your written English.
A. so does B. so will C. and so D. will so
2. Never in my wildest dreams _____ these people are living in such poor conditions.
A. I could imagine B. couldn’t imagine C. I couldn’t imagine D. could I imagine
3. Little _____ about his own health though he was very ill.
A. he cared B. did he care C. he cares D. does he care
4. –You have an English class every day except Sunday. --_____.
A. So we have B. So we do C. So have we D. So do we
5. _____ finish the task better than the others, I think.
A. Only you can B. Only can you C. Only do you D. Only you do
6. _____, I would accept the invitation and go to the party.
A. Were I you B. Was I you C. Had I been you D. Would I be you
7. So _____ in the darkness that he didn’t dare to move an inch.
A. he was frightened B. was he frightened
C. frightened he was D. frightened was he
8. Only by practising a few hours every day _____ be able to master the language.
A. you can B. can you C. you will D. will you
9. –I seldom watch TV, but listen to the radio a lot. _____.
A. So do I B. Neither do I C. I’m the same D. So it is the same with me
10. _____, he never seems able to do the work beautifully.
A. Try as he does B. As he tries C. Try as does he D. As try he does
11. _____ and caught the mouse.
A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumped
C. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat
12. Not until he arrived home _____ he find that this wallet had been stolen.
A. did B. would C. when D. that
13. Jimmy was so nervous that not a single w