毕业论文(设计)成熟T淋巴细胞分离培养及其慢病毒介导的基因转染的研究.pdf
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1、成熟T淋巴细胞分离培养及其慢病毒介导的基因转染的研究摘 要诱导多能干细胞(ind uced pluripotent stem cells,iPSc)是利用病毒载体将 特定转录因子组合转入分化细胞,使其重编程为类似胚胎干细胞的一类细胞。它不仅 具有自我更新和多向分化潜能,而且在细胞形态、基因和蛋白表达、表观遗传修饰状 态、类胚体和畸形瘤生成能力等方面都与胚胎干细胞相似。该技术是2006年由 Y amanaka将重组有0ct3/4、Sox2、c-Myc和K lf4四个转录因子基因的病毒载体引入 小鼠成纤维细胞,并成功诱导其重编程而最先创建的。在随后的研究中,如何选用来 源便捷、数目充足的成熟体细胞
2、为重编程的靶细胞,成为iPS研究的热点之一。而具 备上述选材条件的成熟T淋巴细胞,却存在体外成活时间短和病毒转导效率极低等技 术难题。慢病毒(lentivirus)载体是以人类免疫缺陷I型病毒(H I V-1)为基础发展起来 的基因治疗载体。区别一般的逆转录病毒载体,它对分裂细胞和非分裂细胞均具有感 染能力。在相关的细胞实验操作中,对于一些按常规方法难以转入甚至无法转入的细 胞,如原代细胞、干细胞等未分化细胞,通过慢病毒介导的方法能够大大提高基因的 转导效率,而且使目的基因整合到宿主细胞基因组的几率也明显增加,这为报告基因 在细胞内的高效瞬时表达研究提供了有利途径。本研究建立了适合小鼠成熟活化
3、T淋巴细胞体外长时间培养,以及慢病毒转导的 技术平台,获得的主要研究结果如下:1、成熟T淋巴细胞的增殖与活化。采用Ficoll梯度离心法分离小鼠单个核细胞,分别用刀豆蛋白A(C onA)和anti-mouse C D3&anti-mouse C D28等方法活化成熟T 淋巴细胞,并利用流式细胞法检测T细胞表面C D4+C D44high等活化标志;竣基荧光素 双乙酸盐-琥珀酰亚胺酯(C FSE)示踪法检测活化细胞的增殖分裂状况。结果显示:可从3月龄的雌性Balb/c小鼠(SPF级)的脾脏中分离到2x107单 个核细胞;96孔型板经anti-mouse C D3&anti-mouse C D28
4、(终浓度分别为2 pig/mL.4 pig/mL)包被后,可使2.OxlO,个细胞/孔在第三天(D3)迅速增殖至1.6xl06 个细胞/孔,经过 anti-mouse C D3&anti-mouse C D28 刺激活化的 C D4*C D44Hl如 T 淋 巴细胞占活细胞总数的(74.0+1.8)%,且C FSE强阳性细胞由原来(92.3+2.8)%降至(16.34+1.3)%;该活化T淋巴细胞在含I L-2(终浓度30 ng/mL)C TL培养基中可维 持生长(D14细胞数为1.5义1。6/孔);而经C onA刺激激活的T淋巴细胞在D7才能达 到最高值L 4x106个细胞/孔,且随着培养时
5、间延长,细胞凋亡增多,直至完全死亡。实验评价了小鼠成熟T淋巴细胞在体外培养条件下能否保持长期的增殖与活化状况-1-第二军医大学硕士学位论文的可行性,为下一步进行G FP重组慢病毒转导奠定基础。2、慢病毒的包装及对成熟T淋巴细胞的转染效率。采用脂质体将G FP重组慢病 毒质粒转染到包装细胞293T中,48小时后收集细胞上清液,进一步用超速离心的方 法纯化G FP重组慢病毒,转导LE PC细胞D2后,采用流式细胞法检测其转染效率和病 毒滴度。最后将纯化的G FP重组慢病毒分别按MOI=1,5,10等不同滴度,转染经 anti-mouse C D3&anti-mouse C D28刺激激活的T淋巴细
6、胞,并观测G FP重组慢病 毒对T淋巴细胞的转染效率。结果显示:经脂质体法将G FP重组慢病毒质粒转染到包装细胞293T,在48小时 后,293T全部带有绿色荧光,转染效率为95%以上。未纯化的G FP重组慢病毒颗粒(500 此病毒/孔)转导LE PC细胞,经流式细胞仪分析G FP的阳性率为(85.93.6)猊 而 经超离纯化浓缩10倍的重组慢病毒组(50 piL病毒/孔),其G FP阳性率仍达(74.3 1.8)%o纯化后的G FP重组慢病毒转染经anti-mouse C D3&anti-mouse C D28刺激激 活的T淋巴细胞3天后,G FP阳性率分别为:M0I=l组(25.8+1.7
7、5)%,M0I=5组(36.0 9.5)%,M0I=10组(43.0+4.75)%;与同滴度的腺病毒相比,其转染T淋巴细胞的 效率有较明显地提高;且随着G FP重组慢病毒滴度的增加,对T淋巴细胞的转染效率 也愈高。有关进一步提高慢病毒对该T淋巴细胞转导效率的实验目前仍在进行中。该技术体系的建立与不断完善,为下一步用肝特异性转录因子诱导成熟T淋巴细 胞分化为肝干细胞准备了条件。关键词:诱导多能干细胞,慢病毒转染,T淋巴细胞,流式细胞法-2-成熟T淋巴细胞分离培养及其慢病毒介导的基因转染的研究ABSTRACTI nduced pluripotent stem cells,commonly abbr
8、eviated as iPS cells or iPSCs,are a type of non-pluripotent cell,such as an adult somatic cell,derived by viral transfection of certain stem cell-associated genes and reprogrammed to induce a forced”expression of specific genes.With potencies of sei住renewing and multi-direction differentiation,I PS
9、cells are similar to pluripotent stem cells in many respects,such as the morphology of cell,the expression of certain stem cell gene and proteins,chromatin methylation patterns,the capability of embryoid bodies and teratoma formation.I PS cell was first generated by Shinya Yamanakas team in 2006 tha
10、t successfully reprogrammed the mouse fibroblasts transduced by the recombinant retroviuses carrying four key pluripotency genes(Oct-3/4,SOX2,c-Myc,and Klf4),respectively.As for iPS cells,sufficiency and readily availability of the somatic cells reprogrammed are very critical.However,mature T lympho
11、cyte was limited to be one candidate due to its short lifespan and very low efficiency of transduction.Certain Lentivirus derived from the human immunodeficiency virus type I(HI V-1),replicating in both dividing and non-dividing cells whereas a standard retroviral vector does,can introduce a gene in
12、to abnormal cells and treat various disease as a gene therapy tool.Another common application of the lentivirus is to deliver a reporter gene into some cells,such as primary-,stem-and other undifferentiated cells,to improve its transduction efficiency greatly and achieve high expression level of tar
13、get gene in the above cell transiently.I n addition,the lentivirus can also increase the frequency of extra gene integrated with the genome of host cell.This study established fbr the activation of mature T lymphocytes in mice cultured in vitro fbr a long time,and lentiviral transfection technology
14、platform,the main results obtained are as follows:1.Mature T lymphocyte proliferation and activation.The mononuclear cells were separated by the Ficoll gradient centrifugation and were then treated with concanavalin A(ConA)and anti-mouse CD3 plus anti-mouse CD28 to activate the mature T lymphocytes,
15、respectively.The activated T cells were confirmed by mononuclear cell surface marker via flow cytometry(FACS)as CD4+CD44hlgh.The lymphocyte proliferation were monitored by Carboxy fluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester(CFSE)labelling.-3-第二军医大学硕士学位论文As a result,2x 107 mononuclear cells could be iso
16、lated from each 3-week old mouse.Applyied to a 96-well round-bottom plate pre-coated by 2/mL anti-mouse CD3plus 4|ng/mL anti-mouse CD28,2x 105 cells/well could rapidly proliferate to 1.6 xlO6 cells/well after 3 days.Moreover,C D4+C D44hlgh subset accounted for(74+1.8)%of the total cells and occurred
17、 an abruptly d ecline of percentage of C FSEhlgh group from(92.3 2.8)%down to(16.34+1.3)%.The survival of activated T lymphocytes could be maintained in CTL medium in presence of 30 ng/mL I L-2(with 1.5 X 106 cells/well at 14 days post activated).Comparatively,the lymphocytes stimulated by ConA need
18、 to arrive the top level of 1.4x106 cells/well at seventh day,and subsequently progressed to die with longer incubation time.The first part of our experiment evaluated the availability of extending the lifespan of mature T lymphocytes activated in vitro,so as to render its tranfection by lentivirus
19、further.2.Lentivirus packaging and mature T lymphocytes on tranfection efficiency.The recombinant GFP and lentiviral vector packaging plamids were co-transfected 293T cells using Lipofectamine 2000 transfection agents and then collected the cell supernatant after 48 hrs followed purified by ultra-ce
20、ntrifuge.The titer of the purified virus with the GFP as a reporter was measured by tranfected LEPC via FACS.Then,the mature T lymphocytes activated by anti-mouse CD3 plus anti-mouse CD28 were tranfected by the purified lentiviral GFP at MOI of 1,5,10 lU/cell,respectively and detected their tranfect
21、ion efficiencies by FACS.As a result,all the 293T packaging cells were GFP positive 48 hrs posttransfection,leading to 95%above transfection efficiency.Moreover,(74.31.8)%of LEPC tranfection by purified lentivirus(50 piL/well)were GFP positive,comparable to the efficiency of those(85.9+3.6)%tranfect
22、ion by unpurified lentivirus(500 L/well).Similarly,the MOI-dependent tranfection efficiency was found in the mature activated T lymphocytes:after 3 days,the percentages of GFP positive cells were(25.8+1.75)%,(36 9.5)%and(434.75)%at MOI of 1,5,10 lU/cell,respectively.The research to further improve t
23、he lentiviral tranfection efficiency of T lymphocytes is ongoing.Establishment and optimization of the technique will be useful in the study of inducing the mature T lymphocytes by liver-specific transcription factors and reprogramming into liver cells directly in future.KEY WORDS:iPSc,lentiviral tr
24、anfection?T lymphocyte,FACS-4-成熟T淋巴细胞分离培养及其慢病毒介导的基因转染的研究缩略词表英文缩写英文名称中文名称E Scembryonic stem cells胚胎干细胞iPScI nd uced pluripotent stem cells诱导性多能干细胞ME Fmouse embryonic fibroblast小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞PBMCperipheral blood mononuclear cell外周血单核细胞AgAntigen抗原C DC luster of Differentiation白细胞分化抗原TC RT cell receptorT细胞受体
25、MH CMajor histocompatibility complex主要组织相容复合体I TAMI mmunoreceptor tyrosine-based activatory motif免疫受体酪氨酸活化基I L-2I nterleukin-2白细胞介素2SLSplenic lymphocyte脾淋巴细胞C onAC oncanavalin A刀豆素AC FSEcarboxyfluorescein酸基荧光素二醋酸盐琥d iacetatesuccinimid yl ester珀酰亚胺酯FACSfluorescent-activated cell sorting流式细胞术PBSphosph
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