Unit4同步评估.doc

Book 3 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars
第二部分： 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21. — Could I have another cup of coffee, Daddy?
—_____ It will be hard for you to go to sleep tonight if you do.
A. Better not. B. Why not?
C. What for? D. As you wish.
22. Zhang Heng, one of _____ best-known Chinese astronomers, showed a strong interest in _____ astronomy as a child.
A. the; the B. the; 不填
C. 不填; the D. 不填; 不填
23. Without gravity, we _____ walk on the ground as freely as we do now.
A. couldn’t B. mustn’t
C. shan’t D. needn’t
24. Simon was _____ why many of his friends didn’t turn up at his birthday party.
A. limited B. crashed
C. spotted D. puzzled
25. Though I was tired out that evening, I _____ from falling asleep by the great pain in my knee.
A. was prevented B. had prevented
C. has prevented D. am prevented
26. See the model ship _____ in the pool? That’s what my father made for me last weekend.
A. float B. floating
C. floated D. to float
27. Jack was in low spirits those days and his friends did all they could _____ him up.
A. cheer B. cheering
C. cheered D. to cheer
28. There is a peaceful and calm _____ in the country, quite different from that of a big city.
A. climate B. atmosphere
C. system D. situation
29. It was almost midnight when a fire _____ in the neighborhood.
A. blocked out B. turned out
C. broke out D. died out
30. _____ life exists on any other planet in the solar system still remains a question.
A. Why B. Whether
C. How D. Where
31. Most of the evidence was destroyed in the fire. _____, it would be almost impossible to prove Jim guilty.
A. Anyhow B. However
C. Besides D. Thus
32. _____ you have worked out the first problem, you may go on to work on the second.
A. Even if B. Unless
C. Now that D. Though
33. —May I have a look at your necklace?
—Sure. But be _____ with it — it’s made of glass and breaks easily.
A. violent B. fundamental
C. gentle D. genuine
34. In my view, choosing the right bike _____ what you want to use it for.
A. depends on B. does with
C. belongs to D. accounts for
35. Water, _____ we cannot live, exists in the form of liquid, gas or solid.
A. from which B. on which
C. by which D. without which
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Dad was not only my best friend, but my compass (指南针). While he was alive, he 36 me with his actions and advice. He taught me one important 37: “Believe in yourself.”
If there was one phrase my dad 38 liked to hear, it was “I can’t.” He never got to finish high school and 39 two jobs to support his large family, 40 he never complained. Through education and years of hard work, my dad became an excellent journalist.
When I was in high school, I had a 41 time with math. He tried to help me, but I 42 struggled. So my math teacher suggested I meet with him at 7:00 each morning before school for 43 help. I told Dad, “That’s 44! I’m tired! I can’t do that!” He replied, “You’re doing it. I’ll send you to school.” Every morning at 6:45, we’d leave the 45 . Despite (尽管) working 12 hours every day, Dad never once 46 driving me to school.
After months of 47 , I was facing the final exam. I was so 48 . On the day of the final, my dad hugged me and said, “Luke, 49 yourself. You can do it.” His words made me realize I needed to trust in my 50 and in the hours of work I’d 51 . When I got my 52 proudly, the first person I called was my father. He cried, “Yes! You deserved it!”
Even now, whenever I 53 that a task is too much for me, I think back to that exam. No matter how 54 something is, if you’re willing to work, you can succeed. I’m forever 55 to Dad for that lesson.
36. A. understood B. forgave C. guided D. impressed
37. A. history B. lesson C. skill D. language
38. A. always B. almost C. ever D. never
39. A. took B. lost C. left D. finished
40. A. so B. or C. but D. and
41. A. good B. free C. terrible D. short
42. A. still B. nearly C. hardly D. probably
43. A. real B. practical C. immediate D. extra
44. A. wonderful B. crazy C. expensive D. necessary
45. A. house B. school C. office D. farm
46. A. suggested B. risked C. enjoyed D. missed
47. A. meeting B. testing C. learning D. interviewing
48. A. excited B. nervous C. happy D. shocked
49. A. stand for B. hold back C. believe in D. look after
50. A. teacher B. luck C. time D. ability
51. A. wasted B. ignored C. picked up D. put in
52. A. answer B. grade C. pay D. gift
53. A. hope B. forget C. worry D. promise
54. A. different B. important C. hard D. interesting
55. A. grateful B. sorry C. polite D. useful
第三部分： 阅读理解 （共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A ★
Dana Cummings was in his thirties before he first went surfing. But, even more interesting is that Dana Cummings chose to learn the sport after losing a leg in a car accident. Now, nine years later, he helps other disabled (伤残的) people learn how to ride the waves in AmpSurf.
On the coast of Maine, he is working with 27-year-old Matthew Fish, who is partly blind. Cummings takes hold of Fish and leads him into the ocean. The surfboard floats next to them. Fish lies on the surfboard. He tries to stand up on it. After a few attempts (尝试) he is up and riding all the way back to land. “That was exciting,” Fish says.
A car accident in 2002 took Dana Cummings’ leg. He says the crash changed him more than just physically. “Losing my leg made me realize how precious (珍贵的) life is and get off the couch and start living. I do more things now than I ever did before. Next week I am going to compete in a contest in Hawaii,” Dana says.
One year later Dana Cummings formed AmpSurf. AmpSurf is a group that volunteers to hold surfing classes and events for people with all kinds of disabilities.
Recently, AmpSurf took its training programs to the East Coast. Eleven students attended the class in Maine. They came from all over the northeastern United States.
Dana Cummings thinks AmpSurf can change the way a disabled person thinks. “Most people with disabilities consider himself or herself unlucky and useless, but we want them to see what they can do. Who cares you lose your leg or you are blind, whatever? Have fun. Just enjoy life. Take the most advantage of it you can,” Dana says.
56. Matthew Fish thinks learning to ride the waves is _____.
A. boring B. easy
C. interesting D. difficult
57. When did Dana Cummings set up AmpSurf according to the text?
A. In 2002. B. In 2003.
C. In 2008. D. In 2011.
58. According to Dana Cummings, AmpSurf can _____.
A. ease the physical pain of the disabled
B. help the disabled learn to get used to their life
C. change the attitude of the disabled towards life
D. make the disabled pay more attention to their disabilities
59. What is the best title for the text?
A. Dana Cummings — a great surfer
B. AmpSurf — a training group
C. How to learn to live with disabilities
D. Disabled surfers ride the waves
B ★
Have you listened to music on an iPod? Used a computer at home? Those are just two of the ways your life was touched by the work of Steve Jobs.
Jobs, one founder of Apple Computers, died on Wednesday, October 5, 2011 at the age of 56. He had been fighting with cancer since 2004.
Steven Jobs was born in Los Altos, California. He and his childhood friend, Steve Wozniak, designed and built the first Apple computer in his parents’ garage in the 1970s. The Apple II, built when Jobs was just 21 years old, was the first personal computer to be widely sold to the public.
Steven Jobs didn’t stop there. He went on to invent more devices (设备) that allowed people to bring their own creativity to computing: the Macintosh, the iPod, the iPhone, the iPad. People found his products beautiful and easy to use.
Jobs also changed the music and film industries. He started Pixar, a film production company in 1986. Toy Story was the world’s first computer-animated feature film (电脑动画电影).
“Steve was among the greatest of American innovators — brave enough to think differently, confident enough to believe he could change the world, and clever enough to do it,” said President Barack Obama. “By making computers personal and putting the Internet in our pockets, he made the information revolution not only easy to reach, but fun ... And there may be no greater praise to Steve’s success than the fact that much of the world learned of his death on a device he invented.”
All around the world, people are talking about the effects that Jobs’ creations have had. By creating products that surprised people, he changed the way people worked and lived their everyday lives.
60. Which of the following about Steve Jobs is NOT true?
A. He was born in California in 1955.
B. He built the Apple II in 1970.
C. He set up a film production company at 31.
D. He was found to suffer from cancer at 49.
61. The underlined word “innovators” in Paragraph 6 could best be replaced by _____.
A. inventors B. businessmen
C. producers D. founders
62. According to Barack Obama, the highest praise for Steve Jobs is that _____.
A. his products are widely used all over the world
B. his products are thought to be beautiful and easy to use
C. people all over the world are sad at his death
D. people learned about his death from his products
63. Jobs changed the way we work and live by _____.
A. building the first personal computer
B. making computer-animated feature films
C. developing the music industry
D. creating surprising products
C ★★
It’s a sure sign that summer is over and winter is on the way — leaves that were once deep green turn red, yellow and bright orange. It happens every autumn. But did you ever wonder why?
The leaves start changing color when the nights start getting longer and the temperature starts getting cooler. Some scientists think that as the number of daylight hours shrinks, the leaves stop making chlorophyll which makes plants green. The reason is that the process of making chlorophyll requires sunlight. But according to horticulture (园艺) educator Susan Rose from Colorado State University, it turns out leaves don’t really change color at all. “The fall colors are actually there all along,” she said. “But they are covered by the green chlorophyll. As the chlorophyll stops being produced, the other colors can shine through.”
The kind of color that the leaves are going to change to is determined by the plant’s genetic (基因的) background. In some places, the leaves start changing color in September — before autumn even officially begins. In other places, they don’t change until late October or even November. Some scientists say the leaves have been changing color later than usual in recent years. And they think global warming has something to do with that.
In one study, researchers found that the growing season in the Northern Hemisphere was nearly a week longer, on average, in 2008 than it was in 1982. And a professor from Harvard University found that the leaves, west of Boston, Massachusetts, are changing color about three days later than they used to. However, other scientists disagree with the global warming theory. Susan Rose said the leaves in her part of Colorado are changing “right on schedule.” But the leaves in other parts of that state are running a little late. “The lateness in the mountains may have something to do with the really warm late summer and early fall,” she said. “But I’m afraid that’s just a guess.”
64. According to Susan Rose, _____.
A. the fall colors are always in leaves
B. leaves make chlorophyll all the seasons
C. leaves’ changing color have nothing to with the weather
D. leaves begin changing color because they start making chlorophyll
65. The underlined word “shrinks” in Paragraph 2 could best be replaced by _____.
A. reduces B. increases
C. lasts D. appears
66. Scientists guess leaves change color later than usual probably as a result of _____.
A. genetic background
B. dry weather
C. global warming
D. low temperature
67. The purpose of the last paragraph is to tell readers _____.
A. why leaves change color at fall
B. leaves change color at different time
C. the effects of the global warming on plants
D. different opinions on the lateness of leaves’ changing color
D ★★
Since people first sent rockets into space in the 1950s, we have been leaving behind all sorts of things. Some of them, like the camera, were lost by astronauts while they did work outside their spaceship. But much of the space junk is made up of little pieces of things that were once bigger objects, until they struck each other and broke apart.
Some things we send into space fall back toward the earth and burn up in the atmosphere. But larger pieces sometimes survive the extreme heat and hit the ground or the ocean at great speeds. So there is always concern that something may fall from the sky and do some harm.
But space junk falling on housetops (屋顶) is not the biggest worry. Scientists are concerned about what happens when an empty rocket strikes another while orbiting (绕轨道飞行) the earth. Two big things become many smaller things. They then hit other things. The pieces get smaller and smaller until they form a cloud of junk that blocks the path of future space vehicles.
So what can be done to clean up the space around our planet? Marco Castronuovo, an Italian researcher, talks about sending a satellite into space that would get very close to some of the larger pieces of space junk. The satellite would connect a small rocket to the useless object. When the rocket explodes, it pushes the junk into a lower and slower orbit, nearer the earth. After a time, the junk burns up in the atmosphere.
Mr. Castronuovo has proposed (提议) using a number of small satellites with robotic arms. One arm would catch the space junk, and another arm would connect the rocket. He imagines that each satellite would jump from one large piece of junk to another. He thinks this method could destroy about ten large objects each year.
Scientists have been concerned about space junk for many years. Right now, the costs of the clean-up have been too great. Mr. Castronuovo says his system could be put in place for a much more reasonable amount of money.
68. Much o