高中英语冠词用法口诀.doc

冠词分为：不定冠词和定冠词。
不定冠词有a和an两种：a用于辅音音素开头的词前，an用于元音音素开头的词前。
定冠词: the
英语冠词用法口诀
定冠词的用法。
江河海洋与群山①，                        沙漠群岛海峡湾②。
阶级党派朝代名③，                        家族民族与报刊④。
厂矿机关农历节⑤，                        天体组织会议船⑥。
习语特指独有词⑦，                        普通名词专有含⑧。
计量单位洋乐器⑨，                        人的事物再次谈⑩。
方位次序最高级⑾，                        前面都需用定冠。
详细解释：
① 江河、海洋与群山，如：
the Changjiang River 长江                        the Thames 泰晤士河
the Red Sea 红海 the Baltic 波罗的海
the Pacific 太平洋             the Alps阿尔卑斯山
the Tian-shan Mountains天山山脉                
② 沙漠、群岛、海峡湾，指：
- 沙漠： the Sahara Desert撒哈拉沙漠      the Gobi戈壁
- 群岛：
The Philippines 菲律宾群岛 the Balkan Peninsula巴尔士半岛
the British Isles不列颠群岛
- 海峡与海湾：
the English Channel英伦海峡 the Taiwan Straits 台湾海峡
the Persian Gulf波斯湾
③ 阶级、党派、朝代名，如：
- 阶级：
the working class工人阶级 the nobility 贵族阶级
- 党派：
the Communist Party共产党 the Labour Partyl党
the Republican Party共和党
- 朝代：
the Tang Dynasty唐朝 the Ming Dynasty明朝
the Stone Age石器时代
④ 家族、民族、报刊，如：
- 家族：
The Browns get along well with their neighbours．布朗一家和邻居们相处得很好。
这里请注意：定冠词和姓氏的复数形式连用时，指“全家人”。如上例。
定冠词和姓氏的单数形式连用时，则指同一姓氏几个人中的某一个人。如：
I’d like to see the Mr．Tom who teaches French．我想见一下教法语的那位汤姆先生
（意即还有从事其他工作的汤姆）。
- 民族：定冠词和表示民族的词连用时指“整个民族”。
The Chinese are a brave and hard working people．中华民族是一个勤劳勇敢的民族。
The English have a wonderful sense of humour．英国人十分富有幽默感。
- 报刊杂志名，如：
the People’s Daily 人民日报 the Daily Mail每日电讯报
the Times泰晤士报
the Atlantic大西洋日刊
⑤厂矿、机关、农历节，指：
- 厂矿，如：
the Anshan Iron and Steel鞍山钢铁厂 the Beijing No．2 Textile Mill北京第二棉纺厂
- 机关，如：
the Ministry of Education教育部 the State Department美国国务院
- 农历节，如：
the Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节 the Spring Festival春节
the Dragon Boat Festival端午节
⑥天体、组织、会议、船，指：
- 天体，如：
the Earth地球 the Sun太阳 the sky天空
- 组织，如：
the Communist Youth League共青团 the Communist Party共产党
- 会议，如：
the 11th Party Congress第十一次党代会 the Geneva Agreement日内瓦协议
- 船舶（也包括火车、飞机名称前），如：
the Queen Mary玛丽女王号（船名） the Flying Scotsman苏格兰飞人号（快车）
the Comet 彗星号（飞机名）

⑦ 习语、特指、独有词，指
- 习语，如：
在某些固定搭配中，有些习语要求用定冠词
习惯短语:in the morning, on the left, the day before yesterday, all the same
- 特指某些人或物: The book on the desk is mine.
Show me the photo of the boy, please.
用在形容词前表示一类人，“特指”某类人和物，其后动词应用复数形式。
例如：The old are sick. the poor 穷人 the rich 富人
the sick 病人 the wounded 伤员
the good 好人 the beautiful 美丽的事物
- 独有词（表示世上独一无二的事物 ,例如天体）
The sun is bigger than the moon.太阳比月亮大些。
⑧ 普通名词专有含:( 指由普通名词构成的专有名词 )
the West Lake 西湖 the Great Wall 长城
the United States 美国 the United Nations 联合国 , the Long March 长征
⑨ 计量单位洋乐器
- 用于表示计量单位的单数名词前，意为“按照……标准（单位）”，例如：
Workers are paid by the week. Meat is sold by the pound.
- 洋乐器:
play the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin 拉小提琴
⑩ 人的事物再次谈:
He lives on a farm. The farm is not big. 他住在农场，这农场不大。
11. 方位次序最高级:
- 用在表示方向、方位的名词前
the east东方，the west西方，the south南方，the north北方，the right右边，the left左边
- 秩序:
The first man to land on the moon is an American. 第一个登上月球的人是美国人。
- 最高级:
Summer is the hottest season of the year. 夏天是一年中最炎热的季节。
二、不用冠词的集中情况。
　　 下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前;
　　 专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭;
　　 复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前;
颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。
　 　以上口诀主要概括了一般应“免冠”的几种情况，即：
名词前已有作定语用的this、that、some、any、my等限定词
　 　② 专有名词和不可数名词(物质名词: air, water和抽象名词: work, love)前。
专有名词:
- 街名：Wang Fu Jing Street王府井大街 Nanking Road南京路
- 广场名：Tian An Men Square天安门广场
- 公园名：Pei Hai Park北海公园 , Hyde Park海德公园
- 大学名：Beijing University北京大学 , Zhejiang University浙江大学
不可数名词前:
The desk is made of wood. What is work? Work is struggle.
　 　③表示学科的(如：maths、Chinese、physics)名词前。
Physics is the science of matter and energy. 物理学是物质和能量的科学
④球类活动的名词前及三餐总称前。
球类活动: Play football (basketball, Volleyball) chess
We usually play football when we are free.
I don’t like to play chess with her.
三餐: breakfast, lunch, supper
I had lunch in that restaurant. 我在那家餐馆吃的午饭。
Shall we have dinner together? 我们一起吃饭好么？
　 　 ⑤复数名词表示泛指(一类人或事)时。
Horses are useful animals. My mother and father are school teachers.
　　 ⑥西方节日、季节(winter)、星期(Sunday)、月份(May)前。
例如：西方节日: Women’s Day 妇女节 Labour Day 劳动节 Children’s Day儿童节
April Fools’ Day愚人节 Thanksgiving Day感恩节 Christmas Day圣诞节
备注: 我国的节日前用定冠词 , the Spring Festival春节 , the Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节
月份:He will leave for America in October. 季节: Spring comes after winter.
　 　⑦表示颜色(如：It's red / yellow.)、语种(如：speak English/Japanese)和国家的非全称名词
如：We live in China. They come from America.)。
　　 ⑧在称呼或表示头衔的名词前。
指职位、头衔的词，如king，captain，president，chairman 等。
He is (the) captain of the team. 他是球队的队长。
As (the) chairman of the committee, I declare the meeting open.
作为委员会主席，我宣布会议开始。
　 　⑨某些习惯短语中(如：in bed、go to school等)。
go to school 去上学  go to bed 上床睡觉  go by train 乘火车去  go by boat 乘船去 
at table 在用餐 in hospital 住院  at school 求学  in school 求学  at noon 在中午 
at night 在晚上  at midnight 在半夜  in town 在城里
⑩ 在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词: by car, by bus, by bike, by train, by air/ water/ land
但：take a bus, come in a boat, on the train/ bus需注意。
系动词turn（作“变成”解）后作表语的单数可数名词前习惯不用冠词。
The young girl has turned writer.
注意：man, woman表示泛指时，不用冠词，且常用单数。如：
Man is fighting a battle against pollution.
Man tries to be the protector of woman.
不定冠词常用的几种情况:
（1）表示“一”相当于“one”。I’ll return in a day or two.
（2）表示“每”相当于“per”。We have three meals a day.
（3）表示“同一性”相当于“the same”。The children are of an age.
（4）表示类指，表示“某类”。He wants to he a doctor.
（5）表示泛指，相当于“any”。A horse is a useful animal.
（6）表示某一个，相当于“a certain”。A Mr. Smith is asking to see you.
（7）与抽象名词连用，可以表示“一场、一次、一件”，如：a pleasure一件乐事，a surprise一件令人惊讶的事，a joy一件高兴的事，a pity一件遗憾的事，an honour一个（件）经以为荣的人(事)
（8）与物质名词连用，表示“一种，一阵、一份”。
What a heavy rain! What a good supper!
Please give me a black coffee!
（9）不可数名词前一般不加不定冠词。但某些物质名词和抽象名词如：tea, rain, water, snow, ink ,soup, coffee，surprise, pity, pleasure, joy, education, history, love, courage, success, failure, beauty, knowledge等前常加不定冠词用来表示”一种”、”一类”、“一场”、”一阵”、”一番”、“具体的人或事”等意。如：
What a big supper he had! He was really hungry．
He is a success．他成功了。
（3）可数名词或不可数名词，指类别（考虑到同类中的各个情况）。
Horses are useful animals. Rice is a kind of food.
1. It is often said that __________ teachers have __________ very easy life.
A. 不填；不填 B. 不填；a C. the, 不填 D. the, a
2. I knew ______ John Lennon, but not ______ famous one.
A. 不填；a B. a；the C. 不填；the D. the；a
3. I can't remember when exactly the Robinsons left __ city. I only remember it was ____ Monday.
A. the, the B. a, the C. a, a D. the, a
4. On May 5, 2005, at ________World Table Tennis Championship, Kong Linghui and Wang Hao won the gold medal in men's doubles with ________ score of 4: 1.
A. a; a B. 不填; the C. a; 不填 D. the; a
5. If you grow up in ______ large family, you are more likely to develop ______ ability to get on well with ________ others.
A．/; an; the B．a; the; / C．the; an; the D．a; the; the
6. If you go by _________ train, you can have quite a comfortable journey, but make sure you get __________ fast one.
A．the; the B．不填；a C．the; a D．不填；不填
7. Mrs. Taylor has _________ 8-year-old daughter who has _________ gift for painting—she has won two national prizes.
A．a; a B．an; the C．an; a D．the; a
8. After dinner he gave Mr. Richardson ______ ride to ______ Capital Airport.
A. the; a B. a; the C. 不填; a D.不填; the
9. This book tells ________ life story of John Smith, who left ______ school and worked for a newspaper at the age of 16.
A．the; the B．a; the C．the; 不填 D．a; 不填
10. When you come here for your holiday next time, don’t go to ___ hotel; I can find you ___ bed in my flat.
A. the; a B. the; / C. a; the D. a; /
11. Tom owns ___ larger collection of ____ books than any other student in our class.
A. the; / B. a; / C. a; the D. /; the
12. For a long time they walked without saying ____ word, Jim was the first to break ____ silence. A. the; a B. a; the C. a;/ D. the; /
13. When he left ____ college, he got a job as ____ reporter in a newspaper office.
A. /; a B. /; the C. a; the D. the; the
14. The most important thing about cotton in history is ____ part that it played in ____ Industrial Revolution.
A. /;/ B. the; / C. the; the D. a; the
15. The Wilsons live in ____ A-shaped house near the coast. It is ____ 17th century cottage.
A. the;/ B. an; the C. /; the D. an; a
16. While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made ____ discover which completely changed ____ man’s understanding of color.
A. a;/ B. a; the C. /; the D. the; a
17. When you finish reading the book .you will have better understanding of life .
A．a; the B．the; a
C．不填; the D．a; 不填
18. It is ________world of wonders, world where anything can happen.
A．a ;the B．a; a
C．the ; a D．不填；不填
19. If you buy more than ten, they knock 20 pence off ______.
A. a price B. price C. the price D. prices
20. _____ on -going division between English -speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is _______ major concern of the country.
A. The; 不填B. The; a C. An; the D. An; 不填
21. As a rule, domestic servants doing odd jobs are paid ________.
A. by the hour  B. by hour C. by an hour D. by hours
22. --- I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over ______ keyboard.
--- You shouldn’t put drinks near ________ computer.
A. the ; 不填B. the ; a C. a ; 不填D. a ; a

冠词参考答案：
BBDDB BBBCA BBACD BDBCB AB

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