2021年英语专四语法考点总结.doc

一、语法某些考查重点 
1、虚拟语调考点为： would rather＋that从句＋普通过去时；
It is vital／ necessary／ important／ urgent／ imperative／ desirable／ advisable／ natural／ essential＋that＋（should）动词原形；
proposal／suggestion＋that＋动词原形；
It is time／about time／high time＋that＋普通过去时；
lest＋that＋should＋动词原形；
if only＋that＋would＋动词原形。
2、状语从句考点为：
非if引导条件状语从句，此类句子多用at times，provided，so long as，in case，once等来代替if；
由even if／so，now that，for all等引导让步状语从句；
just／hardly...when引导时间状语从句；more than，as...as，not so much as，the same as，as much as等引导比较状语从句。
3、独立主格构造多以逻辑主语＋分词形式浮现。
4、情态动词多与完毕时形式连用。
5、定语从句重点考查介词＋关系代词（which）和as作为关系代词。
 二、词汇某些考查重点 
1、动词、名词与介词搭配如：popular／patient＋with；yield／solution／adapt／transfer／access＋to；accuse／require＋of；charge＋for；under＋discussion等等。
2、习惯用法如：confess to／set about／be used to＋doing；be supposed to／have／make sb．＋do等。
3、由同一动词构成短语如：come，go，set，break等构成短语。
4、单个动词，抽象名词，形容词和副词多以近义词、同义词形式浮现。
5、介词短语在句中作状语如：in terms of；with the exception of；in vain等，此外还应注意rather than，other than，such as，none／nothing＋but等词在考题中浮现。
三、专四重要词组
1.abide by(=be faithful to ；obey)忠于；遵守。
2. be absent from…. 缺席，不在
3. absence of mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉
4. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引…注意力(被动语态)be absorbed i n 全神贯注于…近be engrossed in ；be lost in ；be rapt in ;be concentrated on ；be focused on ；be centered on
5. (be) abundant in(be rich in；be well supplied with) 富于,富有 6. access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近,进入,理解
7. by accident(=by chance，accidentally)偶尔地,意外. Without accident(=safely) 安全地，
8. of one’s own accord(=without being asked；willingly；freely)自愿地 ,主 动地
9. in accord with 与…一致 . out of one’s accord with 同….不一致
10. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地
11. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,依照
12. on one’s own account 1) 为了某人缘故，为了某人自己利益 2) (=at one’s own risk) 自行负责 3) (=by oneself)依托自己 on account 赊账；on account of 由于；on no account无论什么因素也不;of …account 有…..重要性.
13. take…into account(=consider)把...考虑进去
14. give sb. an account of 阐明，解释 (理由)
15. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释，阐明.
16. on account of (=because of) 由于,由于.
17. on no account(=in no case，for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句 子要倒装)
18. accuse…of…(=charge…with；blame sb. for sth. ；blame sth. on sb. ；complain about) 指控,控告
19. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of，be used to)习惯于.
20. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 理解；(=to have met socially ) 熟悉
21. act on 奉行,按照…行动；act as 扮演；act for 代理
22. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于
23. adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编，改写(以适应新需要)
24. in addition (=besides) 此外，又，加之
25. in addition to(=as well as，besides，other than)除…外
26. adhere to (=abide by，conform to，comply with，cling to，insist on，pe rsist in，observe，opinion，belief ) 粘附；坚持，遵循
27. adjacent(=next to，close to) 毗邻，临近
28. adjust..(to) (=change slightly)调节；适应；
29. admit of (=be capable of，leave room for) …也许，留有…余地.
30. in advance (before in time) 预告，事先.
31. to advantage 有利,使长处更加突出地.
32. have an advantage over 赛过. have the advantage of 由于…处在有利条件 have the advantage of sb.懂得某人所不懂得事
33. take advantage of (=make the best of，utilize，make use of，profit from，harness)运用.
34. agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 批准
35. in agreement (with) 批准，一致
36. ahead of 在…之前，超过…;……………. ahead of time 提前.
37. in the air 1)不必定，不详细. 2)在谣传中.
38. above all (=especially，most important of all) 特别是，最重要.
39. in all (=counting everyone or everything，altogether) 总共，总计
40. after all 毕竟,究竟；(not) at all 一点也不；all at once(=suddenly)突然；once and for all 只此一次；above all 最重要；first of all 一方面；all in all 大体上说；be all in 累极了；all but 几乎.
41. allow for (=take into consideration，take into account) 考虑到，预计到 .
42. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计，等于.
43. answer for (undertake responsibility for，be liable for，take charge for) 对…负责.
44. answer to (=conform to) 适合,符合.
45. be anxious about 为…焦急不安；或anxious for
46. apologize to sb. for sth. 为…向…道歉
47. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁. appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力
48. apply to sb. for sth. 为…向…申请 ；apply for申请；apply to 合用.
49. apply to 与…关于;合用
50. approve of (=consent to，be in favor of，favor，agree to，consider good，right) 赞成，approve vt. 批准
51. arise from(=be caused by) 由…引起.
52. arrange for sb.sth. to do sth. 安排…做…
53. arrive on 到达；arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出,作出；arrive in 到达某地(大地方)；
54. be ashamed of (=feel shame，guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以… 为羞耻
55. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向…保证，使…确信.
56. attach(to) (=to fix，fasten；join) 缚，系 ,结
57. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 试图做…
58. attend to (=give one’s attention，care and thought)注意,照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon，serve，look after) 侍候,照顾
59. attitude to toward …对…态度.看法
60. attribute…to…(=to believe sth. to be the result of…)把..归因于..，以为..是..成果
61. on the average (=on average，on an average) 平均
62. (be) aware of (=be conscious of ，having knowledge or consciousness)意识到,懂得.
63. at the back of (=behind) 在…背面
64. in the back of 在…后部(里面)；on the back of 在…后部(外面)；be on one’s back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起.
65. at one’s back(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持,维护；have sb. at one ’s back 有…支持，有…作后台
66. turn one’s back on sb. (=turn away from sb. in an impolite way) 不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃
67. behind one’s back 背着某人(说坏话)
68. be based on upon 基于
69. on the basis of 依照…，在…基本上
70. beat…at 在…运动项目上打赢
71. begin with 以…开始. to begin with (=first of all) 一方面，第一(经惯用于开始语)
72. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以…名义
73. believe in(=have faith or trust in；consider sth.sb. to be true) 相信,依赖,信奉.
74. benefit (from) 受益,得到好处.
75. for the benefit of 为了…利益(好处)
76. for the better 好转
77. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打败，赛过.
78. by birth 在出生上,论出身,按血统 at birth 在出生时；give birth to 出生
79. blame sb. for sth. 因…责怪某人 . blame sth. on sb. 把…推在某人身上
80. in blossom开花(指树木) be in blossom开花(强调状态) come into blossom开花(强调动作)
81. on board 到船上，在船上，上火车或飞机
82. boast of (or about) 吹嘘
83. out of breath 喘但是气来
84. in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之
85. in bulk 成批地,不散装
86. take the floor 起立发言
87. on business 出差办事.
88. be busy with sth.于某事 。 be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
89. last but one 倒数第二.
90. but for (=without) 要不是. 表达假设
91. buy sth. for…money 用多少钱买
92. be capable of 可以，有能力 be capable of being +过去分词是可以被…
93. in any case(=for love or money，at any rate，at any price，at any cost ，whatever happens；anyhow)无论如何
94. in case (=for fear that) 万一；
95. in case of (=in the event of)如果发生…万一 in the case of 至于…，就…而言
96. in no case在任何状况下都不(放句首倒装句)
97. be cautious of 谨防
98. center one’s attention on(=focus one’s attention on) 把某人注意力集中在…上
99. be certain of (=be sure of) 有把握，一定.
100. for certain of (=for sure )必定地,有把握地
101. by chance(=accidentally，by accident)偶尔
102. for a change换换环境(花样等)
103. charge sb. with …控告某人犯有…
104. in charge of (=responsible for) 负责(某事) in the charge of …由…管
105. take charge of (=to be or become responsible for)负责管理(照顾)
106. charge…for 因…索取(费用) ，charge sb. with sth. 控告某人犯有…
107. round the clock(=all day and all night，usually without stopping) 昼夜不断地
108. comment on 评论
109. commit oneself to 使自己承担… commit sb. to prison把某人送进监狱；commit one’s idea to writing 把某人想法写下来；commit a matter to a committee 把某事交给委员会讨论
110. in common (和…)有共同之处,共用. be common to sb. 是与某人所共有
111. keep company with (=be friendly and go out together) 和…要好.
112. compare…with … 把…与…比较
113. compare…to… 把…比作…
114. by comparison 比较起来
115. in comparison with (=in contrast to) 和…比起来
116. compensate for (=give sth. to make up for) 补偿，补偿,弥补 compensate sb. for sth. 补偿,弥补
117. complain of (or about)抱怨;诉苦;控告;complain about 抱怨某人或事情；complain to sb. about sth. (or sb.) 向某人抱怨…；complain (抱怨)；complement (补充)；compliment (恭维)
118. comply with (=act in accordance with a demand，order，rule etc.) 遵守，依从
119. conceive of (think of，imagine，consider) 想象,设想
120. concentrate on (or upon) 集中,专心
121. be concerned with (=about) 与…关于
122. concern oneself about with 关怀
123. in conclusion(=as the last thing)最后一点；at the conclusion of 当…结束时；
124. condemn sb. to 判决
125. on condition that (=if)以…为条件，如果. in that = because由于；now that = since既然 for all that = although 尽管
126. in out of condition (=thoroughly healthy or fit not fit) 健康状况好不好 . in good (bad) condition处在良好(坏)状态
127. confess(to)(=admit a fault，crime，or sth. wrong)承认，供认；confess to a crime 承认罪行.
128. confide in (=to talk freely to sb. about one’s secret) 对…讲真心话，依赖
129. in confidence 推心置腹地；with confidence 满怀信心地；have confidence in 对…有信心
130. confidence in sb. sth. 对…信赖
131. be confident of 有信心；confidential 机密
132. confine…to… 把…限制在某范畴内
133. confirm sb. in 使某人更坚定(信念等)
134. conform to (=be in agreement with，comply with) 符合,遵循,遵守;1)obey 服从；2) observe；3)comply with照…办；4)keep to遵循；5)abide by服从;6)stick to按..做
135. be confronted with(=be brought face to face with) 面对，面临
136. congratulate sb. on 祝贺
137. in connection with(=with regard to)关于，
138. be conscious of(=be aware of)察觉,懂得
139. consent to(=give agreement to permission)批准
140. in consequence (=as a result) 成果
141. in consequence of (=as a consequence of)由于…成果
142. under consideration 在考虑中
143. in consideration of (=in return for，on account of，because of )由于
144. on no consideration(in no case)无论如何也不
145.take…into consideration (=take account of，take…into account)考虑到，把 …考虑进去
146. considerate (=thoughtful of the needs) 体贴，考虑她人需要，considerable相称大,值得考虑
147. consist of(=be composed of)由…构成. consist in重要在于. consist with符合,与…一致
148. be consistent with(=be in agreement with)与…一致. be consistent in一贯 ，
149. consult sb. on about sth. 向…征求…方面意见，就…向…请教
150. to one’s heart’s content尽情地,痛痛快快
151. be content with(=be satisfied with) 满足于be content to do sth. 乐意做某事
152. contrary to (=in opposition to) 与…相反
153. on the contrary 相反
154. contrast…with 把…与…相对(对照)
155. in contrast towith 和…形成对比 by contrast 对比之下
156. contribute to 有助于
157. under control (被)控制住 out of control无法控制
158. at one’s convenience(=where and when it suits one) 在以便时间或地点 .be convenient to for 对…以便
159. convince sb. of (=cause sb. to believe or feel certain；to persuade sb.) 使某人确信,try to persuade sb. to do sth.劝告某人做…
160. cope with(=deal with，try to find a solution to)应付，解决
161. in the corner(of)在角落里;on(at) the comer of a street在街道拐弯处;round the comer拐过弯；be in a tight corner陷入困境
162. correspond (with) ( =exchange letters regularly) 通信
163. correspond to 相称于 . correspond with 符合,一致
164. at all costs不惜任何代价 . at the cost of 以…为代价
165. a matter of course 理所固然事
166. as a matter of course 固然地，自然地
167. in (during) the course 在…过程中
168. in due course (=without too much delay) 没通过太久，到一定期候
169. on credit赊购；with credit以优秀成绩；to one’s credit使某人感到光荣；do sb. credit 使…感到光荣
170．be critical of 爱挑毛病，批评
171. cure sb. of+某种疾病 治好某人疾病
172．a danger to对…危险；be in danger(of)处在…危险中；be out of danger脱离危险
173. to date(=so far，until now) 到当前为止
174. out of date过时；up to date新式,时兴；date back to可追溯到；date from从某时期开始(有)
175. deal with (=concern) 论及
176. be in debt to sb. 欠…债

177. on the decline 在衰退中，在减少中 in decline 下降；on the increase 在增长
178. to one’s delight 令某人感到高兴 to one’s regret 遗憾；sorrow悲痛；relief 安心；distress 苦恼；shame羞愧；surprise 惊奇；astonishment 惊奇；
179. delight in(=take great pleasure in doing sth.)喜欢，取乐
180. take (a) delight in 喜欢干…，以…为乐
181. demand sth. of sb. 向某人规定(非物质)东西. demand sth. from sb. 向某人规定(物质)东西
182.in demand有需求;on demand受到规定期
183. be dependent on 依托
184. deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物
185. derive…from(=obtain…from)从…获得,由…来.derive from(=come from)来源于
186. despair of (=lose all hope of) 绝望
187. in despair 绝望
188. despite (=in spite of) 不论，尽管
189. in detail 详细地
190. deviate from 偏离，不按…办
191. on a diet 吃某种特殊饮食，节食
192. differ from…in 与…区别在于…
193. in difficulties…有困难,处境困难，
194. discharge sb. (from)…for (=dismiss sb. from a job for) 因…解雇，开除
195. fall back (=retreat，turn back) 撤退；in disorder 慌乱地，狼狈不堪
196. on display(=being shown publicly)陈列
197. dispose of (=get rid of ,throw away)解决掉
198. beyond dispute不容争议,无可争议
199. in dispute 在争议中
200. in the distance 在远处. make out 辩认出
201. (be) distinct from ( = be different from) 与…截然不同
202. distinguish between (=make or recognize differences) 辨别
203. distinguish…from 把…与…区别开
204. do away with(=get rid of；abolish；discard eliminate) 除去,废除,取消；do away with (=kill) 杀掉，弹压
205. have…to do with 与…关于系
206. without doubt (=undoubtedly)无可置疑地
207. in doubt(=in a condition of uncertainty)对…表达疑惑
208. be due to 是由于
209. come off duty 下班
210. go on duty 上班
211. be on duty 值班，值日，在上班时
212. be in duty bound to (do) (=be required by one’s job or esp. by conscience) 有义务(做)
213. be eager for 想得到，盼望
214. by ear (=play music from memory without having seen it printed) 凭记忆,不看乐谱
215. have an ear for (=have keen recognition of sounds esp. in music and language)对..有鉴赏力
216. a word in one’s ear 私房话，秘密话
217. on earth 究竟，究竟，全然
218. with ease ( = easily) 容易，不费力
219. at (one’s) ease ( = without worry or nervousness) 自在,不拘束
220. put sb. at his her ease (=free sb. from worry or nervousness)使某人感到无拘束
221. economize on (=save sth. instead of being wasteful) 节约
222. have an effect on 对…有影响
223. be in effect (=be in operation) 有效
224. go into effect 生效. ( 近 come into effect；take effect；be brought into effect)
225. in effect (=in fact，really) 事实上
226. give effect to (=carry out) 实行,使…生效
227. to no effect 不起作用,没有获得任何效果
228. (be) of no effect (=useless) 无效
229. to the effect that 大意是…,重要内容是…
230. to that effect 是那个意思…
231. emerge from ( =appear，become known ) 浮现，暴露(问题. 意见等)
232. place(or put，lay) an emphasis on 强调，把重点放在…上
233. encourage sb. in 勉励；encourage sb. in hisher work 勉励某人工作；encourage sb. in hisher idleness 怂恿某人游手好闲
234. encourage sb. in …with sth. 用…勉励某人做某事
235. on end (=continuously) 持续地
236. (be) at an end (=finished) 结束了
237. no end of (=very manymuch) 诸多,大量
238. in the end (=finally，eventually) 最后
239. at one’s wit’s end (=not knowing what to do or to say) 无法可想，智穷计尽
240. end up with 以…而结束
241. come to and end (=finish) 结束
242. end in 以…为结束
243. engage in 或 be engaged in 忙于,从事
244. enter for (=put the name on a list for) 报名参加
245. enter into (=begin) 开始(谈话，谈判等)
246. enter on upon (=begin) 开始 (一种时代. 一种生涯. 一段任期等)
247. be entitled to (=be given the right to do sth.)有权…,有资格…
248. be equal to 等于
249. be feel equal to (=have enough strength，ability etc.) (某人)能胜任,能应付 on equal terms(=on and equal footing)平等地
250. be equipped with 装备有,装有
251. (be) equivalent to(=equal in value，amount，meaning) 相等于，相称于
252. in essence (=in itsone’s nature) 本质上
253. at all events (=in spite of everything，in any case) 无论如何，无论如何
254. in any event (=whatever happens in the future) 无论如何，不论(将来)怎么样
255. in the event that(=if) 如果，如果. in the event 成果，实际状况是(常与but 连用)
256. in the event of(=in case of)万一,虽然发生..时
257. except 除…以外；besides 除…以外尚有..
258. except (=but) 除了。
259. except for (=apart from) 除…以外
260. (an) exception to …例外
261. with the exception of