美国课件4历史2市公开课一等奖百校联赛特等奖课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,American History,Lecturer:Qin Jie,第1页,Aims,Get to know the general history of US,Get to know the specific and significant events of US history,Get to know the important historical figures,第2页,Recap,1607 Jamestown;1620 Plymouth,;1733(13),King Williams War,(168997),Queen Annes War,(17021713),King Georges War,(174448 George II),Seven Years War,(1756-63),British Mercantilist Policy,Quartering Act,Stamp Act,Currency Act,第3页,第4页,第5页,Declaration of Independence,IN CONGRESS,JULY 4,1776,The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America,When in the Course of human events it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another and to assume among the powers of the earth,the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Natures God entitle them,a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.,第6页,Declaration of Independence,We hold these truths to be self-evident,that all men are created equal,that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights,that among these are Life,Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.That to secure these rights,Governments are instituted among Men,deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed,That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends,it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it,and to institute new Government,第7页,George Washington,第8页,Known as the Father of his country,George Washington,(17321799)was military and political leader of the United States of America from 1775 to 1797.,He led the American victory over Britain in the Revolutionary War as commander in chief of the Continental Army in 17751783,and he presided over the writing of the Constitution in 1787.,第9页,As the unanimous choice to serve as the first President of the United States(17891797),he developed the forms and rituals of government that have been used ever since,such as using a cabinet system and delivering an inaugural address.,He built a strong,well-financed national government that avoided war,suppressed rebellion and won acceptance among Americans of all types.,第10页,Thomas Jefferson,第11页,Thomas Jefferson,(17431826)was the third President of the United States(18011809)and the principal author of the,Declaration of Independence,(1776).,Jefferson was one of the most influential Founding Fathers.Jefferson envisioned America as the force behind a great Empire of Liberty that would counter the imperialism of the British Empire.,第12页,American Beginnings,The Constitutional Convention,The American Revolution was bourgeois in character.It did not solve the problem of land demanded by the laboring people.In addition,the heavy costs of the war were placed on their shoulders.,There was great dissatisfaction among people.When then war ended,a number of demonstrations and uprisings took place.,第13页,American Beginnings,In May 1787,the Constitutional Convention met in Philadelphia,for the purpose of setting up a strong central government.,George Washington,Benjamin Franklin had found ways to meet the many difficult problems of writing the Constitution.,Another great leader,James Madison,did much work on the writing of the Constitution.For this,he was known as the“Father of the Constitution,”.,第14页,James Madison,(1751 1836)was an American politician and political philosopher who served as the fourth President of the United States(18091817)and is considered one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.,第15页,In 1788,Madison,wrote over a third of the,Federalist Papers,the most influential commentary on the Constitution.,He was a leader in the 1st United States Congress,drafting many basic laws,and was responsible for the first ten amendments to the Constitution and is also known as the Father of the Bill of Rights.,As a political theorist,Madisons most distinctive belief was that the new republic needed checks and balances to protect individual rights from the tyranny of the majority.,第16页,American Beginnings,In 1791,the Bill of Rights were added.Among the more important rights guaranteed to the US citizens are freedom of religion,freedom of speech,freedom of the press,the right to assemble,and the right to petition for what a citizen may think is needed from the government,.,第17页,American Beginnings,Expansion of Territory and Westward Movement,1.Louisiana Purchase(1803),2.The War of 1812,3.The Mexican War(1846-48),4.Westward Movement,5.Monroe Doctrine,6.The Civil War,第18页,James Monroe,(17581831)was the fifth President of the United States,serving two terms from 1817 to 1825.Monroe was the last Founding Father of the United States,the last one from the Virginia dynasty.,第19页,The,Monroe Doctrine,The,Monroe Doctrine,is a U.S.doctrine which,on December 2,1823,stated that European powers were no longer to colonize or interfere with the affairs of the newly independent states of the Americas.,The United States would not interfere with existing colonies or their dependencies in the Western Hemisphere.However,any attempt by a European nation to oppress or control any nation in the western hemisphere would be seen as an act of aggression and the United States would intervene.,第20页,American Beginnings,The Civil War,At 4:30 AM on April 12,1861,4 years war,23 northern and Western states that supported the federal government,11 Southern states that formed an independent government called the Confederate States of America,.,第21页,第22页,第23页,American Beginnings,The Civil War,1.Causes leading to War,2.Process of the War,3.Final Victor and Its Effects,第24页,American Beginnings,The Civil War,Causes leading to War,1.The Basic Issue of States Rights,2.Black Slavery in America,3.Conflicts Rising from Slavery,4.Lincolns Presidency,第25页,American History The Civil War,Process of the War,1.First two Years of the War,2.Emancipation Proclamation,3.Last Two Years of War(1863-65),The,Emancipation Proclamation,consists of two executive orders issued by United States President Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War.The first one,issued September 22,1862,declared the freedom of all slaves in any state of the Confederate States of America that did not return to Union control by January 1,1863.The second order,issued January 1,1863,named the specific states where it applied.,第26页,Emancipation Proclamation,Following the Union victory in 1865,three amendments to the U.S.Constitution ensured freedom for the nearly four million African Americans who had been slaves,made them citizens,and gave them voting rights.The war and its resolution led to a substantial increase in federal power.,第27页,American Beginnings,The Civil War,Final Victor and Its Effects,1.Lincolns re-election and Death,2.Effects of the Civil War,第28页,American Beginnings,The Rise of American Imperialism,1.Formation and Development of Monopoly Capitalism,2.Imperialist Foreign Policy,第29页,第30页,Assignment,Review,The Gettysburg Address,Make a detailed study on American Civil War,第31页,