2016八年级英语下册知识点总结(4-6单元).doc

2016八年级英语下册知识点总结（4-6单元）
2016八年级英语下册知识点总结（4-6单元）
Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
Why don’t you talk to your parents? 你为什么不和你打父母谈谈呢？
【解析】Why don't you do sth ?= Why not do sth? 为什么不......呢？
【拓展】用于提建议的句型有：
(1)What about doing sth ?=How about doing sth? ….怎么样？
(2)Why don’t you do sth?= Why not do sth? 为什么不呢？
(3)Let’s do sth.让我们一起做某事吧。
(4)Shall we/I do sth?我们做…好吗？
(5)had better do/not do sth 最好做/不做某事
(6) Will/Would you please do sth 请你做…好吗？
(7) Would you like to do sth? 你想去做某事吗？
(8)Would you mind doing sth？你介意做某事吗？
【回答】
(1). 同意对方的建议时，一般用：
◆ Good idea./ That’s good idea. 好主意
◆OK/ All right./ Great 好/ 行/太好了
◆ Yes, please ./ I’d love to 是的/ 我愿意
◆ I agree with you 我同意你的看法
◆ No problem 没问题
◆Sure/ Of course/ Certainly 当然可以
◆Yes, I think so 对，我也这样想
(2).对对方的帮助或要求表示委婉谢绝时，一般用：
◆ I don’t think so 我认为不是这样
◆Sorry, I can’t 对不起，我不能
◆I’d love to, but…
◆ I’m afraid…我愿意，但恐怕……
【2013天津4】35.— Why not go to Lao She Teahouse tonight? — ______.
A. It doesn't matter B. Thank you C. Sorry to hear that D. Sounds great
【2013广东广州4】25.—I feel really tired. —______
A. Lucky you! B. You’d better work harder. C. Congratulations! D. Why not go and have a rest?
【2013四川凉山3】37. —It’s a nice day, isn’t it? —Yes. ______ going hiking and relax ourselves?
A. Why not B. Why don’t C. What about
【2013湖南益阳】You look too tired. Why not _____ a rest? A. Stop to have B. to stop having C. stop having
I have to study too much so I don’t get enough sleep. 我要学的太多，因此我睡眠不足。
【解析1】(1)too many + 复数名词 许多 too many people
(2)too much +不可数名词 许多 too much homework
(3)much too +形容词 太… much too cold
【2013山东德州1】— What’s the matter? — I have a stomachache. Maybe I have eaten ___ tonight.
A. too much B. too many C. much too
【解析2】so conj. 因此 (表示因果关系，后面跟表示结果的句子，不与because同时使用）
【2013浙江舟山、嘉兴1】18. The shops were closed_______ I didn't get any milk.
A. so B. as C. or D. but
My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends. 我的父母不允许我和我的朋友们出去闲逛。
【解析】allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事
【拓展】allow v 允许
allow doing sth 允许做某事 They don’t allow smoking.
allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事My mother allows me to watch TV.
be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事
①We don’t allow ___________(smoke) in the reading room.
②Our teacher allows us ____________(go) out for a walk.
③The boy should be allowed____(play) after supper.
④We won’t allow ________in the cinema .But you are allowed ______in the rest room.(smoke)
⑤Teenagers should ___________ (allow) to choose their own clothes.
【2013辽宁鞍山3】 25. —Can I smoke in the dining hall? —Sorry. It's not_________.
A. promised B. realized C. allowed D. reminded
【拓展】allow与let的辨析：
allow指“允许”，表示“默许，听任，不加阻止”，
allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事。
Let指“让”，let sb do sth让某人做某事，语意较弱，多用于口语中，let不能用于被动语态。
4. What’s wrong? 怎么啦？
【解析】What’s wrong( with sb./ sth) （某人/物） 怎么了？
【2013四川南充】— Mum , I’m not feeling well. — Oh, dear! _____.
A. What’s wrong B. Not at all C. All right.
I’m really tried because I studied until midnight last night. 我真的很累，因为我昨天晚上一直学习到半夜。
【解析】until 直到......时
【2013山东临沂2】23. Please hold on to your dream _____ one day it comes true.
A. ifB. untilC. unlessD. though
【2013山东青岛3】13. If you have trouble pronouncing these words, you can repeat them over and over again ______ you are comfortable with them. A. unlessB. ifC. untilD. while
【2013浙江丽水3】18. —Hey, man. You can’t cross the street now. You have to wait _____ the traffic turn green.
—Oh, sorry and thank you. A. when B. after C. until D. while
Why don’t you go to sleep earlier this evening?今天晚上你为什么不早点睡觉呢？
【解析】go to sleep 去睡觉 (强调“入睡，睡着”这一动作）
7. You look sad, Kim. 金，你看起来很伤心。
【解析】look 看起来 （系动词，后跟形容词作宾语）
【2012江苏苏州3】Some of friends eat with their eyes. They prefer to (更喜欢） what ____ nice.
A. feels B. smells C. looks D. tastes
【拓展】：系动词：后跟adj. 作表语
一是：（be） am /is /are be quiet=keep quiet 保持安静
二保持：stay/keep （表示持续状态） stay healthy=keep healthy 保持健康
三变化：become/get/turn （表示状态变化）
五起来：sound/look/smell/taste/feel （表示感觉）
( )Jack usually gets ______ when he speaks in public. A. happily B. exciting C. worried D. tired
( ) Tom’s father looks very _____. But he is very kind. A. seriously B. serious C. friendly
You ____ call him up. 你____ 给他打电话。
【解析】call up (v + adv) call on 拜访；号召 I call up my parents every Sunday.
9.Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday. 哦，昨天我发现我妹妹翻了我的东西。
【解析1】find sb. doing sth 发现某人正在做某事Mr. Wang found Li Dong reading a storybook in the class.
类似动词：hear，watch, see, feel
【贵州安顺】When I went into the room, I found ___ in bed. A. him lying B. he lying C. he lies D. him was lying
【解析2】look through 浏览
【拓展】与look相关的短语：
look for look after=take care of look like look the same look over look through
look out look up look around look forward to
【2013四川泸州】9. Can you help me to _______ my dog when I leave for Hong Kong?
A. look after B. look fo C. look at D. look through
【2013湖北十堰】30. Here is the book. First _________ it and then tell me what you think of it.
A. look intoB. look throughC. look upD. look after
10. Yes, but I’m still angry with her. 是的，但是我仍然很生她的气。
【解析】be angry with sb. 生某人的气
【拓展】angry adj. 生气的→ angrily adv. 生气地
(1)be angry with sb. =be mad at sb. 对某人生气【with后接人】
(2)be angry at/about sth对某事感到生气 【at后接事】
(3)be angry to do sth 做某事感到生气
【记】 My father was very __________(对……生气)his computer. He hit the computer _______(angry)
( ) — Why are you unhappy, Kate? — I didn’t finish my homework again. I’m afraid Miss Gao will be ___ me.
A. angry with B. friendly to C. proud of
( ) I was very angry ____ myself ___ making such as a stupid mistakes.
A. at; at B. with; for C. at; with D. with; at
【2013枣庄】88. I got home for my birthday from my college on Friday evening.
No one was at home, and Mom and Dad hadn’t left me a note. This made me _________.
A. surprised B. happy C. angry D. excited
【2013吉林3】103. I felt sorry that I dropped the juice on Tina’s bed. But she wasn’t _____at all.
A. excited B. happy C. angry
11.Although she’s wrong, It’s not a big deal. 尽管她错了，但也不是什么大错。
【解析1】although= though 尽管 , 用来引导让步状语从句。
【注】though / although 不能与but连用
【2012曲靖中考】 ____ my father isn’t pleased with his working environment , he still works hard.
A. And B. Although C. But D. Before
【2013福建福州3】41. — The boy can speak both English and Japanese _________ he is only ten.
— Wow, what a clever boy!
A. if B. because C. although
【2013浙江3】32. —Look! Some people are running the red lights. —We should wait _______ others are breaking the rule.
A. if B. unless C. although D. because
【拓展】although/however辨析
⑴although conj，“虽然；即使；纵然”，引导让步状语从句时放在主句前后都可。
Although he is very old, yet he is quite strong.他虽然年纪大了，但身体还很健壮。
⑵ however adv，在句中作插入语，起一个连词的作用，一般用逗号与句子分开，可以放在句首或句中，意为“然而，尽管如此”。
It’s raining hard, However, I think we should go out.雨下的很大。尽管如此，我认为我们还应该出去。
【解析2】It’s not a big deal. 没什么大不了；不是什么大事（常用于口语中）
You left your homework at home. 你把作业忘在家里了。
【解析】leave v 遗忘，留下 leave sth . somewhere把某物忘在某地 leave sb. by oneself 把某人单独留下
【2012山东济宁】22.—Sorry, Mr. Green. I have ____ my homework at home.
—Never mind. But don't forger next time.
A. put B. kept C. left D. remained
12. Hope things work out. 希望事情顺利解决。
【解析1】hope v 希望
hope to do sth I hope to visit Guilin. hope + that 从句 （表示希望） I hope that you’ll be better soon
wish v 希望 wish to do sth I wish to visit Guilin.
wish sb.to do sth 希望某人做某事 I wish you to go.
wish +that 从句 表示愿望，从句用虚拟语气 I wish I were you.
【解析2】work out 解决；成功地发展，后跟fine,well, badly等词，表明产生的结果如何。
work out
【2013四川遂宁3】30. The teachers encourage their students to ____ the problems by themselves, and in this way students can enjoy success.
A. give up B. work out C. look through
13.My problem is I can’t get on with my favorite. 我的问题是我不能喝我的家人和睦相处。
【解析】get on with sb. 和某人和睦相处；和某人关系良好 =get along with get on well/ badly with 相处的好/坏
【2013山西1】26. A student in Fudan University was killed by his roommate just because of small things in daily life. It is important for students to learn how to ________ each other.
A. get on with B. come over to C. stay away from
【2013湖北十堰】32. —What kind of persons do you prefer to make friends with?
—I choose my friends on their characters and how we __________.
A. get inB. get upC. get onD. get off
14.When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home.当他们争吵的时候，就像有一大团乌云笼罩在我们家。
【解析1】argue 争吵
→argument n 争论 have an argument with sb.与某人辩论
argue with sb. 与某人争吵 argue with sb. about sth 为某事与某人争吵 argue about sth 争论某事
argue against 争辩；反对 He argued against the plan
【2013辽宁锦州】11. —He looks unhappy today. —Let’s _______.
A. cheer him up B. help out him C. look him after D. argue with him
【解析2】 hang over 挂在......之上； 悬浮在......之上
hang out 闲逛；常去某处 He likes reading and he often hangs out in the bookshop.
hang on to 紧紧抓住 You’d better hang on to me in the crowd.
hang up 挂电话；悬挂 After she finished her conversation
15.Also, my elder brother is not very nice to me.
【解析】elder adj.年纪较长的 His elder brother is ill.
elder用来表示兄弟姐妹及子女之间的长幼关系，常用作定语
older泛指新旧、老幼或年龄的大小关系，可以用作表语，是old的比较级形式。
【记】 My ______brother is 7 years older than my younger sister.
【2013南京2】 I’m surprised that John is only 25. I thought he was ________ , for he seems to be in his thirties.
A. old B. older C. young D. younger
【解析2】be nice to sb. 对某人友好 be friendly to sb. be good to sb.
16.He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show. 他总是拒绝让我看我最喜欢的电视节目。
【解析】refuse =say no to v拒绝 refuse to do sth拒绝去做某事
①The boy refused __________(go) to see his father with us.
( ) ②He refused when I asked him for help. A. said yes B. said no C. said hello
【2013浙江宁波】74. He invited her to his birthday party but she _______(拒绝).
17.Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night.
相反，他却想看什么酒看什么， 一直到深夜。
【解析1】 instead 代替，反而，替
(1) instead 副词，代替，常放在句首或句尾,表示前面的事情没做，而做了后面的事情。
Lee was ill so I went instead.李病了，所以我去了。
(2) instead of +n/doing 代替，而不是，放在句中
instead of 为介词短语，后面一般接名词、代词、介词短语或动名词形式。
She wrote to him instead of calling him.=She didn’t call him. She wrote to him instead.
她没有给他打电话，而是给他写了封信。
( ) Health is very important to us. We should eat more vegetables and fruit _____ rich food.
A. instead B. instead of C. because of D. because
【2011江苏徐州4】14. We’ve got no coffee. Let’s have tea _______.
A. either B. however C. yet D. instead
【2013江苏盐城】59.To keep fit, we should have more vegetables and fruit _________(代替) of too much meat.
【解析2】 whatever = no matter what 任何，每一
【2013甘肃兰州】_________ happens, I won’t change my mind.(无论什么）
18.If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help. 如果你的父母有问题，你应该主动提供帮助。
【解析】 offer to do sth 主动提出做某事
【拓展】offer v 主动给予
(1) offer to do sth 主动提出做某事
(2)offer sb. sth= offer sth to sb. 主动提供给某人某物
( )The little boy _____ his seat to the old lady on the crowded bus. A. offered B. brought C. lent D. took
【2013山东莱芜2】27.The little boy ________ his seat to an old lady on the crowded bus.
A. lent B. offered C. took D. brought
19.Secondly,why don’t you sit down and communicate with your brother? 其次，你为什么不能坐下来和你的哥哥交流一下呢？
【解析1】secondly adv.第二；其次
【解析2】communicate v交流 communication n 交流；沟通communicate with sb. 和某人交流
They communicate with each other by QQ.
( ) They can’t understand each other so they have difficulty in _____.
A. communicate B. communicated C. communicating
20.You should explain that you don’t mind him watching TV all the time. 你应该跟他解释说你并不介意他一直看电视。
【解析】explain 解释；说明 → explanation n 解释；说明
explain sth to sb. 向某人解释某事。 explain to sb sth给某人解释某事
【江苏扬州】Mr. Wu always spends a lot of time __________(解释) things to us.
【2012浙江宁波】22. —Do you ________that Nancy has been a little too quiet these days?
—Yes. She didn't even say a word this afternoon. A. hope B. notice C. explain D. decide
21. I’m worried about my school grades. 我很胆小我的学习成绩。
【解析】 be worried about sth. 担心某事
【拓展】worry v 担心 → worried adj. 焦急的 worry about = be worried about 为……担心
①Don’t be _________(worry). You’ll catch up with others.
( )② Don’t ____ about things so much. It will make you stressed out.
afraid B. worry C. worried D. Terrified
【2013绍兴】91. －You look _________ . What's up, sir? －I can't find my ticket, but it's time to check in.
A. sleepy B. hungry C. tired D. worried
22.My cousin borrows my things without returning them.我堂弟借我东西没有还我。
【解析】return ⑴v 归还=give back return ... to ... = give back to ... 把......还给......
⑵ v 回来；返回 = come back
【2012浙江宁波】He borrowed my iphone 4 and didn’t ________(归还） it to me.
23.My parents give me a lot of presure about school.我父母在学习上给了我很多压力。
【解析】press v 按；压 →pressure压力
⑴不可数名词 （物理学）压力air pressure 气压 blood pressure 血压
⑵不可数名词 还可指精神上、外界施加的压力 = stress under pressure 在压力下
24.I have to compete with my classmates at school.在学校我不得不和我的同学们竞争。
【解析】compete v竞争；对抗 → competition n 竞争
compete with sb. 和某人竞争compete against/ with 与……竞争compete for 为……参加比赛
We are ready for the coming ________________(compete).
25.You should all be ___ each other to improve. 你们都应该互相____ 而全面发展。
【解析】improve =make ... better 改进 →improvement n 提高
26.Who gives their opinions about the problem? 对于这个问题都有谁提出了他们自己的观点。
【解析】opinion n 意见；想法；看法 in one’s opinion 以某人的观点；在某人看来
give opinions about sth. 给出关于某事的观点。
27.These days , Chinese children are sometimes busier on weekends than weekdays because they have to take so many after-school classes .目前，中国的孩子有时周末比平常还要忙，因为他们不得不上那么多的课后辅导班。
【解析】some time /sometime/some times/sometimes
【口诀】：分开是一段， 合起是某时； 分开s 是倍次，合起s是有时
(1) some time一段时间，做时间状语 It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间
(2) sometime adv 在某个时候，
(3) some times 名词词组，“几次，几倍” Mr. Green went to Sanya some times last summer.
(4)sometimes=at times 有时 （一般现在时的标志词）
( ) I hope to visit the USA _____ in the future.
A. sometimes B. some times C. sometime D. some time
【2013广西】At times an ad can lead you to buy something you don’t need at all. so you have to be careful.
A. Sometime B. Sometimes C. Some time D. Some times
28. Others are practicing sports so that they can compete and win. 其他人正在练习体育运动， 这样他们就能参与竞争并获胜。
【解析】 others pron. “其他的人或事物”There are other ways of doing it. 做这事还有其他的办法。
( ) My sister is outgoing . She likes making friends with ____.
A. other B. another C. the other D. others
29.The Taylors are a typical American family.泰勒一家是一个典型的美国之家。
【解析1】The Taylors 泰勒一家 。 在姓氏的复数前加冠词the表示“全家人或夫妻两人”，使用时注意主语和谓语保持一致。The Blacks are getting ready for the holiday.
【2012广东】____ Greens are preparing for the coming Thanksgiving Day. A. / B.A C. An D. The
【解析】typical 典型的 be typical of “是……的特点”
30.. Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities, but I believe these activities are important for my children’s future.
或许我可以减少他们的一些活动， 但是我相信这些活动对孩子们的未来很重要。
【解析】cut out 删除；删去 (v+adv) You’d better cut out that sentence.
cut up 切碎 cut down 砍到 cut in 插队 cut off 切断（水、电）供应
( ) Don’t ___ when others talk; it’s impolite. A. cut out B. cut in C. cut down D. cut off
31. I really want them to be successful. 我真的很想他们成功。
【解析】successful 成功的【拓展】 succeed v 成功，达到 →success n 成功
→successful adj 成功的→successfully adv成功地
◆succeed in doing sth
①If at first you don’t ____________(success) . try, try again.
( )② She works very hard ,so