初中英语一般疑问句和特殊疑问句讲解及练习.doc

初中英语一般疑问句和特殊疑问句知识
刘茜同学，我们初一学习过了疑问句中的一般疑问句和特殊疑问句，那么今天这堂课我们通过结合中考真题来回顾一下这两类疑问句的用法。注意听讲哦~ok，let’s begin.
一般疑问句
1.定义：用be或助动词或情态动词置于句首，并以“Yes，…”，或“No，…”或相当于yes / no回答的问句称为一般疑问句.
    2. 含系动词be的一般疑问句的构成:具体地说,am 只能跟在第一人称的单数 I 后面,are 搭配 you, 不管是单数还是复数,is 跟在第三人称单数 he, she 后面
Eg：I'm in Class 2, Grade 1. →Are you in Class 2, Grade 1? (如遇第一人称，最好将其置换成第二人称)
　　It's a map of China. →Is it a map of China? 这是一幅中国地图吗？
    be 或 have（有）置于句首来表达疑问，eg：
　　Am I wrong again? （我又错了？）
　　　3. 含情态动词的一般疑问句的构成
　　一般疑问句面前人人平等：情态动词与am / is / are一样，也可直接将它们提至主语前，所以问题迎刃而解了。如：I can spell it. →Can you spell it? 你会拼写它吗？
    Shall I call a taxi for you ?
Will you do that for her?
Can she drive?
　　 4. 含实义动词的一般疑问句的构成
　　含实义动词的一般疑问句的构成稍微有点讲究，要在句首加do；如逢主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词为一般现在时单数第三人称形式
   "v-(e)s"时，用does,并要将谓语动词变回原形(如has→have，likes→like等)；有时陈述句中的some还要变作any等。如：
She lives in Beijing. →Does she live in Beijing?
　　I like English. →Do you like English?
　　There are some books on my desk.→Are there any books on your desk?  
    5. 一般疑问句的应答
　　用yes / no回答，并怎么问怎么答(句首为情态动词/am / is / are还是do /does)，简略回答时要注意缩写(否定的n't)和采用相应的人称代词以避免重复：即"Yes，主语(代词)+情态动词或am / is / are或do / does."表示肯定；"No，主语(代词)+情态动词或am / is / are或者do / does not(n't)."表示否定。回答要完整,如：
　　① -Is Mary a Japanese girl? 玛丽是日本女孩吗？
　　-Yes, she is. / No, she isn't.
　　② -Can Lily speak Chinese?
　　-No, she can't. / Sorry, I don't know.
这个地方要注意一点， 在一般疑问句的简略回答中使用Yes， it is. / Yes， I am. / Yes， he is. / Yes， we are. / Yes， she is. 等时，不能使用Yes， it’s. / Yes， I’m. / Yes， he’s.等这样的缩略形式。但如果是否定形式则可用缩略式，如可用No， he’s not.也可用No， he isn’t. 另外，若为完整回答，也可用Yes， he’s…之类的，如说Yes， he’s a student. / Yes， she’s busy.等。（这个考试一般不会考，只要求了解）
下面浅谈一下陈述句变一般疑问句的变化规则。
1．句中有"is、 are或can"的句子，把"is、are或can"提到句首，句号变问号。例如：
原句
一般疑问句
He is Tom.
 Is he Tom?
This is a bird.  
Is this a bird?
Lulu can hop.
Can Lulu hop?
They are playing basketball.
Are they playing basketball?
2． 以"I am…… "和"We are……"  开头的句子，把"I am……"和"We are…… 均变成  "Are you……？"    句号变问号，其他单词不变。例如：
原句
一般疑问句
I am a teacher.
Are you a teacher?
We are playing basketball.
Are you playing basketball?
3.句中没有"am、is、are和 can"的句子.如果主语是第一人称、第二人称或第三人称复数的句子，句首加"Do",“I 、We”变成“you”，句号变问号，其余单词不变。例如：
原句
一般疑问句
I like music？
Do you like music?
We have some rulers.
Do you have some rulers?
They like watching TV.
Do they like watching TV?
4.句中没有"am、 is、 are" 的句子，如果主语是第三人称单数时，句首加"Does",动词变原型，句号变问号，其他单词不变。如:
原句
一般疑问句
He likes football.
Does he like football?
Jim has a ruler
Does Jim have a ruler?
注：变后疑问句的第一个单词的第一个字母必须大写!
一般疑问句课后练
写出下列句子的一般疑问句
1. They can sing English songs.
2. His birthday is on the twentieth of November.
3. Lucy and Amy are learning to skate.
4. It is difficult for giant pandas to survive in the wild.
5. I believe what he said is true.
6. I must stay at home for a whole day.
7. There is going to be a meeting this afternoon.
特殊疑问句
　　1. 定义:以特殊疑问词开头，对陈述句中的某一部分提出疑问 / 进行发问,回答时针对问句中的代词和副词来回答，不用yes或no,的句子叫特殊疑问句。
　　2. 特殊疑问词全搜索:一句话： wh-开头外加能与之结伴同行的名词； how及它的形容词兄弟姐妹们，即如： what， where， which， what class， what time， what number； who, whom, whose,how，how many， how old， how much等。无论是做疑问代词还是限定词，which 和 what 所指的范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的，而which则指在一定的范围内，例如：
Which girls do you like best? 你喜欢哪几个姑娘？
What girls do you like best? 你喜欢什么样的姑娘？
Which do you prefer, coffee or tea? 咖啡和茶，你喜欢喝哪种？
What do you usually drink before dinner? 你饭前通常喝什么？
　　Whom是who的宾格，在书面语中，它作动词宾语或介词宾语，在口语中作宾语时，可用who代替，但在介词后只能用whom, 例如：
Who(m) did you meet on the street?你在街上遇到了谁？（作动词宾语）
Who(m) are you taking the book to?你要把这书带给谁？（作介词宾语，置句首）
To whom did you speak on the campus?你在校园里和谁讲话了?(作介词宾语,置介词后,不能用who取代)
3. 特殊疑问句的构成特殊疑问句由"特殊疑问词+一般疑问句"构成：
   How old are you? 你多大了？
   What's this in English? 这个用英语怎么讲？
4. 询问天气的方式。 “How +be +the weather...？”与“What +be +the weather like...？”意思相同。Eg：
How is the weather today? = What's the weather like today? 今天天气如何？
特殊疑问句练习与规则：
1)①The twins were making a kite when their mother came in. （划线提问）
______ _____ the twins _____ when their mother came in?
②Mrs Turner asked her son to buy some eggs for supper. （划线提问）
_______ ______ Mrs Turner ask her son ______ _______ for supper?
2)对名词前定语提出疑问，疑问词应用which，而且必须和名词连用。
I'm going to take the shirt on the right.（划线提问）
______ _____ are you going to take?
3)对指人名词或代词提问用who，作宾语时提问用whom。
4)对物主代词和名词所有格提问用whose。
eg. Li Ping's coat→Whose coat,  my father→Whose father
5)对具体时间提出疑问，如 in the morning,last Sunday等，疑问词用when；对具体几点钟提问，疑问词应用what time。 　　
6)对具体地点提出疑问，疑问词应用where。
The pupils are having a picnic at the foot of the hill. （划线提问）
_____ _____ the pupils having a picnic?
7)对表原因的从句提问，常见的有because引导的从句，疑问词应用why。
Xiao Cheng didn't go to the farm with us because he was ill. （划线提问）
_______ _____ Xiao Cheng go to the farm with us?
8)对方式或程度等提出疑问，用疑问词How。
eg. I usually go to school by bike.
How is that movie? I like it very much.
9)对数量提出疑问，疑问词为How many，要注意how many必须跟名词的复数形式。
eg. two hundred sheep→How many sheep
10)对价格提出疑问，疑问词用How much。
eg. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater.
______ ______ did you pay for the sweater?
11)对时间长度提出疑问，疑问词应用How long。
eg. I've worked in that factory for two years. （划线提问）
______ _____ _______ you worked in that factory?
12)对时间频率，如 once a year, twice a week等提问，疑问词用How often。
How often do u visit your grandma?
13)对具体次数，如 once, twice, three times等提问，疑问词用How many times。
eg.—— ______ did he call you the day before yesterday? -----Twice.
A.What time B.How many times C.How much D.How long
14)对in＋一段时间提问，疑问词一般用How soon。
eg. Jane and her brother will finish the work in two hours. （划线提问）
_____ _____ _____ Jane and her brother finish the work?
15)对距离提出疑问，疑问词用How far。
eg. It's about two kilometres from here to the country.（划线提问）
______ _____ _____ _____ from here to the country?
16)另外，对日期、星期、天气等提出疑问，则分别用 What's the date? What day is it ? 如果是过去时间，就用was代替is。 What's the weather like?
17)对人口的提问,What's the population of Germany?德国的人口有多少？population 表示“人口”是一集体名词，have population of 表示“有多少人口”。例如：
Our village has population of two hundred of people. 我们村有二百人口。
特殊疑问句课后练
就下列句子划线部分提问
1. My sister loves light music.
2. It takes me half an hour to go to the factory from my home.
3. He feels better today.
4. He arrived at nine o’clock.
5. We live in Room 301.
6. Mrs Wang has four children.