中考英语连词成句(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,中考,连词成句,1,2,词类及句子成分,主语,:,主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。,（,名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、主语从句,）,谓语,：说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。一般放在主语之后。,（,动词,）,宾语,：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。,（,名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句）,定语,：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。,（名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及定语从句）,3,表语,：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词之后。,（名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句）,状语：,修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分。,（,副词及副词性词组、介词短语、不定式短语、分词短语、状语从句）,宾补：,英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要跟一个宾语补足语。,（名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语 ）,4,名词，代词通常做主语。动词做谓语。助动词指,do,does,did,will,等,情态动词指,can,may,must,should,need,等,系动词指,be(am,is,are,was,were),look,seem,（看起来，似乎好像）,feel,（觉得）,sound,（听起来）,taste,（尝起来）,smell,（闻起来）,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,常用句式,1.,主语,+,谓语,+,宾语,I like apples.,2.,主语,+,系动词,+,表语,She is very worried.,3.,主语,+,谓语,+,宾语,+,宾补,The story made us laugh.,4.,一般疑问结构：助动词,/,情态动词,+,主语,+,动词,+,其他,Do you like apples?,5.,特殊疑问结构：特殊疑问词,+,助动词,+,主,+,动词,+,其他,What do you like best?,助动词,23,6.often,，,usually,，,just,，,already,，,ever,，,never,等时间状语通常放在系动词，助动词后，实意动词前。,I have,never,been late for school.,My father,often,read newspapers after supper.,7.,时间状语通常置于句尾。,My father often read newspapers,after supper.,8.,主,+,谓,+,间接宾语,+,直接宾语,My father gave me a new bike,on my birthday,24,解题技巧,25,（,一,）看清标点，确定句式。,连词成句的句子末尾标点都会给出，有三种标点符号：,句号（,.,），问号（,?,），感叹号（！）。,根据三种给出的标点可以确定句子是,陈述句,、,疑问句,还是,感叹句,。,26,以,句号,（,.,）为结尾的句子是陈述句,陈述句，陈述一个事实或说话人的看法，分为肯定句和否定句。陈述句包括五种简单句，他们的结构分别为：,主语,+,系动词,+,表语,He is a doctor.,主语,+,谓语（不及物动词）,+,（状语）,He runs fast.,主语,+,谓语（及物动词）,+,宾语,I ate an apple.,主语,+,谓语（及物动词）,+,直接宾语,+,间接宾语,I bought him a gift.,主语,+,谓语,+,宾语,+,宾语补足语,I find learning English easy.,27,以,问号,（,?,）为结尾的句子则是疑问语句，一般疑问句,、,特殊疑问句,、,由情态动词引导的疑问句。,如果有,wherewhatwhowhosewhenhow,等疑问词，那么它就是,特殊疑问句,，将,where,、,what,、,how,放句首,+be,动词（,am,is,are,或者其过去式,was,were,）,如果题目中有,can,、,may,、,shall,、,would,等情态动词，那么它就是,由情态动词引导的疑问句,将,may,can,等情态动词放在句首,+,句子主语（人或物）,如果题目中没有任何的特殊疑问词，也没有任何情态动词，那么它就是,一般疑问句,了。,将,be,动词或者助动词（,do,does,did,）放在句首,+,句子主语,28,以,感叹号,（,!,）为结尾的句子是感叹句，所给词中肯定有,when,或者是,how,。,由,what,引导的感叹句。我们知道有,what,引导的感叹句，其,基本结构是,What+a+adj.+n.,。例如：,“What a nice book,！,”,（多漂亮的一本书啊！）,由,how,引导的感叹句。与,what,引导的感叹句相似，,how,引导的感叹句的结构是,“,How+adj,.,（,+n./,名词短语,+be,动词）！,”,。,29,注意特殊句型,例：,to timeto go itsschool.,句型,“itstime to do sth.”,的运用和词组,“go to school,（去上学）,”,，这是一条交际运用题。,there be,祈使句,:,表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等。,主语通常省略,，一般以助动词，,be,动词或动词原形开头，谓语动词用原形。,例如：,“Go to the playground,，,please.”,（请去操场。）,这样的句子就省略了主语，完整的应该是,“,我请你去操场。,”,例,1,：,breakfast,，,haveMike.,.,例,2,：,turn the dont off light,.,30,不同类型句子的连词技巧,31,陈述句,A,，,先找,主语,初中阶段接触到的陈述句中，句子的主语往往是名词或代词，因此当所给单词中出现名词或人称代词时就要考虑它们能不能充当主语。很多情况中，当单词中出现,人称代词,时，该人称代词就是句子的主语,。,当名词作主语时，如果是单数名词，名词的前面应该有,冠词,（,a,，,an,，,the,）。而当所给词语中出现“,there be,”时，该句子应该以“,there be,”打头。,B.,再找,谓语,句子的谓语可以是一个行为动词（具体动作），也可以是表示主语属性或状态的,be,动词（相当于汉语中的“是”）。当所给词语中只出现一个动词或,be,动词时，就可以把它放在主语的后面。,C.,再找,宾语和状语,行为动词如果是及物动词，应该在后面加上宾语（可以是名词或代词）。动词后面可以接上状语（可以是副词，如,happily,，也可以是介词短语）。“,be,动词”后面可以接名词，代词，形容词等，表示主语的身份、属性或状态。“,There be,”后面要加上名词，常常该名词前会加上形容词或,a,，,many,，,a lot of,等限定词。,32,D.,词语变形,17,年没考,连词成句中可能会有词形的变化，但,最多只有一处,。当无法用多给的单词连成结构完整的句子，或者遗留下某个单词无法填入句中时，要考虑某个单词是不是要进行词性的变化（如动词,wonder,需要变成,wonderful,）。,句子中的词汇类型有：名词，形容词，动词，副词，代词，数词，限定词（冠词）。,名词有单复数变化：,child,children,；,形容词可以变为副词或比较级、最高级,:happy,happily,；,动词有人称，时态和语态的变化：,draw,drew,（过去时）；,副词会直接给出或者有形容词变化而来；,代词常常会考查形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词变化：,I,my,（形容词性物主代词）,mine,（名词性物主代词），（名词性物主代词相当于名词，后面不能接名词，形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，后面应该加上名词。）,基数词可变为序数词：,three,third,（序数词可以放在名词前作定语）；,限定词：,a,，,an,，,the,，,many,，,a lot of,等放在名词前面。,E.,检查句子单词个数,和词形变化是否正确。,33,当句末标点为,句号,（,.,）且无法用所给单词连成五种简单句中的一种时，可以考虑该句话是不是祈使句。,肯定句祈使句,动词原形,+,其他成分,Come in.,否定祈使句,Dont+,动词原形,+,其他成分,.,Dont be late.,否定祈使句,Lets not+,动词原形,+,其他成分,.,Lets not speak loudly.,首先要看是那种类型的感叹句，如果句中没有,dont,或,lets,，那么就将动词原型或,Be,放在句首。如果该动词是及物动词就要在它后面加上宾语，再将状语等其他成分放在句末。如果句中出现了,dont,和,lets,那么将,dont,和,lets,放在句子开头，再接上动词原形和其他成分。但是以往的中考题中从来没有出现过否定祈使句。,34,疑问句,一般疑问句,是以,yes,或,no,回答的句子。它有两种结构：,“,Be+,主语,+,表语,.?,”型,Are your parents doctors?,“助动词,/,情态动词,+,主语,+,谓语,.,”,Do you have a ruler?,特殊疑问句,由疑问代词（,what,，,who,，,whom,，,whose,等）或疑问副词（,where,，,when,，,why,，,how,等）开头。,What size is your shirt,？,对于一般疑问句可以先按照陈述句语序来组句，然后再改写成为一般疑问句。陈述句变一般疑问句把,be,动词和助动词提前即可。,特殊疑问词常常和名词、形容词、副词组合起来形成疑问词组，如,how far,（多远），,how much,（多少钱），,what size,（多大尺寸）等。将疑问词组放在句首，然后加上,be,动词，最后再加上句子的主语（名词或代词）。,35,感叹句以叹号（,!,）为结尾，通常以,what,或,how,为结尾。,What,引导的感叹句结构：,What+a/an+,形容词,+,可数名词单数,+,主语,+,谓语！,What a wonderful time we had!,What+,形容词,+,可数名词复数,+,主语,+,谓语！,What beautiful flowers they are!,What+,形容词,+,不可数名词,+,主语,+,谓语！,What great fun surfing the Internet is!,如果所给一道题以叹号结尾而且所给词汇中出现了,what,，就可以毫不犹豫地把,what,写在句子开头。然后观察所给的名词是单数还是复数或是不可数名词，依次填入冠词（,a/an,），形容词，名词，主语，谓语,36,（,2014,年）,flower,what,are,beautiful,they,!,解题方法：首先把,What,写在前面，然后找到名词,flower,，因为题中没有出现冠词，可以在,what,后面直接加上形容词,beautiful,，再接上名词,flowers,，接着是主语和谓语,they are,，于是得到句子：,What beautiful flower they are!,最后检查单词个数和词形是否正确。因为该句话的主语是复数（,they,），因此要将,flower,变为复数,flowers,。,37,How,引导的感叹句在近五年中考中都没有出现过，但考生最好也将其掌握。,How,引导的感叹句结构：,How+,形,adj.+a/an+,可数名词单数,+,主语,+,谓语！,How interesting a book youve bought me!,How+,形,adj./,副,adv.+,主语,+,谓语！,How surprising it is that you should not know that!,How+,主语,+,谓语！,How time flies!,38,练习题,39,do,how,study,you,a test,for,_?,2.you,have,studied,with,ever,a,group,_?,too,its,hard,understand,the,voices,to,_.,How do you study for a test,Have you ever studied with a group,Its too hard to understand the voices,40,6.I,to,be,used,of,afraid,the,dark,_.,7.you,did,use,play piano,to,the,_?,8.still,are,you,of,afraid,alone,being,_?,9.it,that,seems,a,lot,you,changed,have,_.,10.worry,things,about,dont,much,so,I used to be afraid of the dark,Did you use to play the piano,Are you still afraid of being alone,It seems that you have changed a lot,Dont worry about things so much.,41,1 students,talk,the,of,instead,homework,doing,_.,2.arent,they,serious,enough,that,age,at,_.,3.doesnt,he,to,seem,have,friends,many,_.,4.teenagers,be,not,should,with,parents,too,strict_,_.,The students talk instead of doing homework,They arent serious enough at that age,He doesnt seem to have many friends,Parents should not be too strict with teenagers,42,5.doesnt what,he,know,to,wear,_.,6.if,what,else,brings,a present,everyone,_?,7.is,whose,book,this,French,_,？,8.T-shirt,this,much,too,is,him,for,small,_.,9.she,worried,because,of,is,test,her,He doesnt know what to wear.,What if everyone else brings a present,Whose French book is this,This T-shirt is much too small for him,She is worried because of her test,43,2014,年题组,1.,【,2014,河北中考】连词成句（共,5,小题，每小题,1,分，计,5,分）,将所给单词连成句子。要求符合语法，语句通顺，大小写正确，单词不得重复使用，标点已给出。,night,did,last,rain,it,Did it rain last night?,your,what,is,shirt,size,What size is your shirt?,gift,him,birthday,gave,a,I,I gave him a birthday gift.,flower,what,are,beautiful,they,What beautiful flowers they are!,tennis,a,Nancy,twice,week,play,Nancy plays tennis twice a week.,44,连词成句（,10,分）,I,New,York,love,visit,to,would,Id love to visit New York.,in,he,hand,his,week,to,forget,last,homework,He forgot to hand in his homework last week.,write,poem,you,yet,have,your,?,Have you written your poem yet?,Lily,ideas,with,up,some,came,Lily came up with some ideas.,you,money,know,where,I,do,exchange,can,?,Do you know where I can exchange money?,45,考点：连词成句。,3.,将所给单词连成完整、正确的句子。（单词不得重复使用，标点已给出）,1,doctor,sister,is,a,your,Is your sister a doctor?,2.bicycle,the,like,first,was,what,What was the first bicycle like?,3.friends,with,I,my,am,tea,having,I am having tea with my friends,4.the,to,work,is,hard,problem,me,it,for,out,It is hard for me to work out the problem,5.I,asked,enjoyed,if,music,he,me,He asked me if I enjoyed music,46,1.,【,2015,河北中考】,连词成句（共,5,小题，每小题,1,分，计,5,分）,将所给词语连成句子，标点已给出，要求：符合语法，语句通顺，大小写正确，词语不得重复使用。,81.I,go on,yesterday,a trip,I went on a trip yesterday./Yesterday I went on a trip.,82.it,I,was,school trip,first,It was my first school trip.,83.we,happy,sang,on the way,We sang happily on the way./On the way we sang happily.,84.inte resting activity,many,there were,There were many interesting activities.,85.what,we,a,wonder,time,had,What a wonderful time we had !,47,1,Beijing,does,live,she,in,Does she live in Beijing?,2,you,your,will,how,finish,homework,soon,How soon will you finish your homework?,3,get,yesterday,up,he,late,He got up late yesterday,4,on,book,my,there,desk,some,are,There are some books on my desk,5,was,word,glad,he,say,so,that,a,couldnt,he,He was so glad that he couldnt say a word,48,49,50,51,