人教版高一英语各单元知识点总结.pdf

高一英语各单元知识点总结及重难点解析Unitl-2重点句型1.What should a friend be like?询问对方看法2.1 think he/she should be.表达个人观点词语3.1 enjoy reading/Im fond of singing/1 like playing computer games.等表达喜好词语4.Chuck is on a flight when suddenly his plane crashes.“when”作并列连词用法5.What/Who/When/Where is it that？强调句特殊疑问句构造6.With so many people communicating in English everyday,“with+宾语+宾补”构造做状语7.Can you tell me how to pronounce？带连接副词（或代词）不定式做宾补用法重点词汇1.especially v.特别地2.imagine v.想像3.alone adv./adj.单独，孤单4.interest n.兴趣5.everyday adj.每天，寻常6.deserted adj.抛弃7.hunt v.搜寻8.share v.分享9.care v.在乎，关怀10.total n.总数11.majority n.大多数12.survive v.生存，活下来13.adventure n.冒 险14.scared adj.吓坏15.admit v.承认16.while conj.但是，而17.boring adj.令人厌烦18.except prep.除.之外19.quality n.质量20.favourite adj.最爱慕重点短语1.be fond of 兴趣2.treatas把.看作为.3.make friends with 与.交朋友4.argue with sb.about/over sth.与某人争论某事5.hunt for 寻找6.in order to 为了7.share.with 与.分享8.bring in引进；赚钱9.a great/good many 许多.10.have difficulty(in)doing 做.有困难11.end up with 以.结束12.except for 除.之外e about 发生14.make(a)fire 生火15.make yourself at home 别拘束16.the majority of 大多数17.drop sb.a line给某人写短信18.for the first time 第一次19.at all主线;居然20.have a(good)knowledge of精通.短语闯关下列短语都是这两个单元学过重要短语，请你依照汉语在横线上填入一种对的词，每个词4分，80分才干过关，你一定能过关，做好了闯关准备吗?那么咱们就开始吧？1.be fond 喜欢，兴趣of2.hunt 搜索。追寻，寻找for3.in to 为 了 order4.care 紧张，关怀 about5.such 例如，诸如 as6.drop sb a 给某人写信(普通指写短信)line7.make oneself at 另U 客气 home8.total 总共 in9.except 除了.之外 for10.stay 不睡，熬夜up11.about 发生 come12.end with 以.告终 up13.bring 引进，引来in14.a great 许许多多，极多many15.be 对.深感兴趣，深深迷上16.the Internet 上网 surf17.classes 逃学,逃课 skip18.get 约会，相聚，汇集together19.be proud 为.感至|骄傲of20.keep an on 照看，注意 eye21.be curious 对.感到好奇 about22.shut（使）住 口 up23.joke 开玩笑 about24.the name of 以.名义 in25.the time 总是，始终 all交际用语1.1 think.I like/love/hate.I enjoy.My interests are.2.Did you have a good flight?You must be very tired.Just make yourself at home.I beg your pardon?Can you tell me how to pronounce.?Get it.单词聚焦into1.argue v用法构词：argument n.1.C争论2.U讨论.辩论3.C论据搭配：argue with/against sb.over/on/about sth.与某人 争论某事argue for/against sth.辩论赞成/反对某事argue that.主张，以为，争辩说argue sb into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事情谊提示：“说服某人做/不做某事”还可表达为：talk/persuade/reason sb.into/out of doing sth.settle the argument 解决争端情谊提示：an argument with sb about/over sth.为某事和某人而发生争执【考例】What laughing we had about the socially respectable method for moving spaghetti（意大利式细面条）from plate to mouth.（全国卷 I）A.speeches B.lessons C.sayings D.arguments考查目的argue名词形式词义。答案与解析D argument词义是“争辩，辩论”。pare v用法构词：comparison n.比较搭配：compare.to.比拟；比作 compare.with/to.将.和.相比较 compare notes对笔记；互换意见考伊I】with the size of the whole earth,the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.（湖目匕）A.Compare B.When comparingC.Comparing D.When compared考查目的compare用法。答案与解析D本句compare用在句首作状语，并有“被比较”意思。3.consider v用法构词：consideration n.考虑，思考；体谅，顾及搭配:consider doing sth.考虑做某事 consider sb(to be/as).以为/觉得某人.(3)consider that-clause 以为.take sth into consideration 考虑 under consideration 在考虑中【考例 1 Charles Babbage is generally considered the first computer.(NMET 1993)A.to invent B.inventingC.to have invented D.having invented考查目的consider几种常用用法。答案与解析C consider自身是被动语态时，后接不定式各种构造。如果表达已经发生事 情.用不定式完毕形式。4.deserted adj.空无一人；被遗弃；被抛弃(1)空无一人 a deserted street/area 空无一人街道，地区；The office was quite deserted.办 公室里空无一人。(2)被遗弃a deserted child被遗弃孩子(3)desert*dezot n.沙漠desert dFzo:t vt.丢弃；遗弃He deserted his wife and children after becoming rich.5.difficulty n.(1)difficulty(普通作复数)难事，难点，难题 She met with many difficulties when travelling.(2)在如下句型中，difficulty是不可数名词，不能用复数形式。have(some)difficulty(in)doing sth.干某事有困难there is(some)difficulty(in)doing sth.have(some)difficulty with sth.卜在某事上有困难there is(some)difficulty with sth.do sth.with difficulty/without difficulty 困难地/轻而易举地做某事We had a lot of difficulty in finding your house.Do you have any difficulty with your English?【注意】(1)以上句型中,difficulty 前可加 some,little,much,a lot of,no,any 修饰(2)以上句型中，亦可用trouble来代替difficulty。6.favourite=favorite(AE)最爱慕；最爱慕人或事物(1)adj.最爱慕 My favorite sport is playing football.(2)n.C最爱慕人或事物 He is a favorite with his uncle.7.fun用法构词：funny adj.有趣.滑稽，好笑；奇特，古怪搭配：make fun of取笑；嘲弄;开某人玩笑(just)for/in fun=(just)for the fun of it 取乐，非认真地，说/做着玩(3)be full of fun.较好玩have fun with sb.和某人开一种玩笑have(some)fun玩得(很)高兴，玩得(很)开心It*s(great)fun to do sth干某事很有趣；干某事真是一件趣事；干某事真开心 What fun(it is)to do sth!干某事多么有趣呀!have a lot of fun doing sth干某事玩得很开心考例(200 上海春招)This is not a match.We*re play-ing chess just forA.habit B.hobby C.fun D.game考查目的fun构成短语for fun意思。答案与解析C,for fun常在句中用作状语，意思是，说/做着玩”。8.imagine 用法构词：imagination n.C/U想像，想像力，想像事物imaginative adj.富有想像力搭配：imagine sth/doing sth beyond（all）imagination（完全）出乎意料地【考例 1 I can hardly imagine Peter_across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.（MET 1991）A.sail B.to sail C.sailing D.to have sailed考查目的imagine基本用法。答案与解析C imagine后接动词-ing形式，本句Peter是这个动名词逻辑主语。9.interest 用法interest vt使.感兴趣 n.兴趣,兴趣U利息;利润 He has a great interest in politics.她对政治极感兴趣。/a broad interest广泛利益/a common interest共同利益/a strong interest 极强兴趣构词：interesting令人感兴趣（事物）interested（某人对某事）有兴趣搭配：interest sb in sth使某人注意，关怀或参入某事；使某人对某事感兴趣 be interested in 对 感兴趣（关怀）have an interest in sth./in doing sth.对某方面有兴趣（关 怀）；在.中有股份、权益等hold ones interest吸引住某人兴趣in the interest（s）of为.利益；为.起见；对.有利lose interest in对.不再感兴趣show/take（an）interest in/in doing sth.对 表达关怀（有兴趣）have/take/feel no interest in 对 不（不太）感兴趣with interest有兴趣地，津津有味地develop/find/feel interest in sth./in doing sth.在某方面培养/有兴趣lose interest in sth./in doing sth.对某方面失去兴趣有时 interest 可与不定冠词连用。He developed an interest in science.此夕卜：interest 作“兴趣”解时，是可数名词。His interests include reading and tennis.【考例 1,they immediately suggested that she put them together to make a single one longstory and paid Tracy a$50,000 advance.（全国卷 II）A.Interested B.AnxiouslyC.Seriously D.Encouraged考查目的interest派生词词义和用法。答案与解析A interested指（出版商）对这件事有兴趣。10.prove 用法构词：proof n.证据。实验，考验，（印刷）校样搭配：prove sth to sb向某人证明.prove to sb that从句向某人证明.prove（oneself）to be证明（自己）是，体现出【考伊J1 It was in the neighboring country United States that such resistance to spray was first.（05长春模仿）A.proved B.killed C.thought D.discussed考查目的考查prove意思。答案与解析A本题was proved意思是“得到证明”，有被动意味。11.provide 用法构词：provider n.供应者，供应者，养家者provided/providing conj.倘若搭配：provide sb with sth/sth to sb 给.提供；以.装备【考伊J1 His son the old man with all the food and the money he needed.A.provided B.fed C.afforded D.charred考查目的考查provide词义。答案与解析A provide与with搭配，意思是“向某人提供某物”。12.share 用法 搭配：share（in）sth.with sth.和某人分享、分担、共用某物 share sth（out）between/among.将某物分派、分给.(3)share joys/happiness and sorrows(with sb)(和某人)同甘共苦share one!s opinion批准某人意见【考例】Let Harry play with your toys as well,Clare-you must learn to.(NMET)A.support B.care C.spare D.share考查目的此题重要考查在语境中选取动词能力。答案与解析D四个选项含义分别为：support支持；care在乎，关怀；spare挤出(时间)，匀出某物；share分享，分担，与某人合用。依照语境可知说话者是想让Clare学会与人共 享把玩具(拿出来)和Harry 一起玩，share在此意为“合用玩具”，解此题核心是信息 play with your toys as welL 故 D 为最佳答案。13.solve 用法构词:solution n.1.C(问题)解答；(困难)解决办法2.U解答,解决3.U溶解搭配：the solution to解决.办法【考例 3 In the end,one suggestion seems to be the solution the problem.口匕京春招)A.with B.into C.for D.to考查目的solve名词solution有关搭配。答案与解析D 对于解决办法”，介词用to。14.total n./adj.所有()(1)in total 力口起来 In total,there must have been 0 people there.(2)a total of 总共 His expenses(支出)reached a total of$100.(3)the total of.总数 The total Of the bill is 230 dollars.15.when conj.when并列连词，=and then,表达“就在那时，突然”，常用如下句型中：(1)be doing.when正在做.突然.I was wandering through the streets when 1 caught sight of a tailors shop.(2)had done.when.冈U 做了.突然.I had just sat down when the light went out.(3)be about to dowhen冈U 要做.突然.I was just about to go swimming when ourguide saw me and shouted at me.16.while conj.(1)while从属连词，引导时间状语从句，从句动词用延续性动词，主句动作发生在从句动 作发生过程之中 o Come on,get these things away while I make the tea.(2)并列连词，表先后两个分句意义相反或相对，意为然而Some people waste food while others havent enough.(3)放在句首,表达“尽管；虽然“，相称于 although。While we don*t agree,we continue to be friendly.牛刀小试1用所给单词恰当形式填空：(compare,interest,fun,solve,argue,consider,share)1.All the novels are considered the young readers in the 1980s.(to have interested)2.Bob thought it to solve maths problems while others hated it.(fun)3.The headmaster ignored the between Mrs.Wang and his nephew,(argument)4.We cant decide.The plan needs to be.(considered)5.with Class Two,ours has more boy students.(Compared)6.1 find a better way this problem,(to solve)7.Nearly half of the companies the same opinion with the government,(share/shared)【词语比较】1.especially,speciallyespecially adv.特殊地；特别是(1)侧重于各种事物或人中比较突出 o I like all the subjects at school,especially English.(#别是英语）(2)especially 后可接介词短语或从句。Hike the Yuelu Mountains,especially in spring.(特别 是在春天)Noise is unpleasant,especially when you are trying to sleep.specially侧重特意地、专门地做某事(背面常接for sb或to do sth.)I made a chocolate cake specially for you.2.boring,bored,boreboring adj.令人厌烦 The book is very boring.bored adj.感到厌烦 Im bored with the book.bore vt.令人厌烦 This book bores me.有些表达情感及物动词，有与 bore类似用法。如：interest,excite,surprise,amaze,frighten,astonish,move,inspire,touch,scare,disappoint,puzzle,worry 立匕类I司 当前分 词形式，为“令人.”；过去分词形式，为“感到.3.except for,except,but,besides表达“除了”词或短语有：except;but;except for;besides;except that(when.)等。(1)except和but都表达“除了.之外。没有“，两者大多数状况下可以互换；但在no,all,nobody,nothing,no one 等词后多用 buto No one knows our teachefs address except/but him.(排除 him)(2)besides 除.之夕卜，还.,有附力口|生。What other foreign languages do you knowbesides English?(English 与 other languages 都属于 know 范畴)(3)except for只但是.，整体必定，某些修正，用于排除非同类事物，for表达细节上小变正 o Your article is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.4.know,know of9 know about(1)know用作动词，意思是“(直接地)获知，懂得，结识，熟悉I don*t know whether he is here or not./1 know him to be honest.know of和know about意思都是“（间接地）获知”，指听别人说到或从书报上看到，两者 没有什么区别。5.for example;such as(1)for example例如，用来举例阐明某一论点或状况。普通只举同类人或物中“一中”为 例，作插入语，可位于句首、句中或句末。可用 for instance替代。For example,air is invisible./His spelling is terrible!Look at this word,for example.(2)such as“例如”，用来列举事物，普通列举同类人或事物中几种例子。插在被列举事物 与前面名词之间，as 背面不可有逗号。Some of the European Languages come from Latin,such as French,Italian and Spanish.注意如把前面所述状况所有举出，用that is或namelyo短语归纳1.含aD短语1)first of all 一方面(强调顺序)2)in all(=in total二altogether)总共3)after all毕竟，终归4)at all究竟,主线5)above all最重要是(强调重要性)6)not(.)at all(=not(.)in the least)主线不，一点也不7)all the time 始终,始终8)all of a sudden(二suddenly)突然，冷不防9)all right 行，可以10)all at once 立刘，立即11)all day and all night 日日夜夜12)all over 遍及13)all alone独个儿，独立地14)all but几乎，差一点15)all in all 总说来16)all together 一道，同步，总共17)for all 尽管例句I woke up and didnt hear him at all.我醒了，一点儿也没有听到她说话。/He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.她摔了诸多跤，以至于浑身青一块紫一块。/You shouldnt scold her.After all,she is only five years old.你不应当责怪她，毕竟，她只有 五岁。/Children need many things,but above all,they need love.孩子需要许多东西，最重 要是，需要爱。/You must have known it all the time.你一定始终懂得这事。【考例】People may have different opinions about Karen,but I admire her.,she is a great musician.(甘肃、青 海)A.After all B.As a result C.In other words D.As usual考查目的重要考查四个短语用法。答案与解析A after all意为“毕竟.终归“；as a result意为“成果in other words意为“换 句话说；as usual意为“像往常同样”。本句意思是：虽然人们对她看法不一。但我还是佩 服她。由于她毕竟是一种伟大音乐家。【考彳列 1 rd like to buy a house modern,comfortable,and in a quiet neighborhood.(福建)A.in all B.above all C.after all D.at all考查目的重要考查all构成四个短语。答案与解析B in all意为“总共”;above all意为“最重要是；after all意为毕竟；at all 意为“究竟本句话意思是：我想买一种房子，当代、舒服，但最重要是在一种安静地 区。2.at all用在必定句中，居然Tm surprised that you came at all.用在否定句中，一点也不There was nothing to worry about at all.(3)用在疑问句中，究竟究竟Have you been there at all?(4)用在条件句中，真，的确If you do it at all,do it well.3.含“be+形容词+介词”短语1)be good at 擅长于2)be interested in 对.感兴趣3)be pleased/satisfied/content with 对.满意4)be famous for 因.而出名5)be kind/good to 对.好6)be lost in 沉湎于7)be active in在某方面积极8)be sure about/of 确信9)be afraid of 胆怯10)be full of 布满11)be filled with 布满12)be made of/from 由.构成13)be generous to 对.慷慨14)be popular with 受欢迎15)be confident of 确信16)be fond of喜欢，爱慕17)be angry with/at 对.发脾气18)be late for 迟至U19)be amazed/surprised/astonished/shocked at 对.感至I 惊讶20)be busy doing 忙着做.21)be excited about 对.感到兴奋22)be worried about 紧张23)be used for/as 用于24)be curious about 对.好奇例句Lin Lin is confident of his ability to get work for himself.林林确信自己有能力做这活。He was generous to everybody with money,as a result,he saved little.她对谁花钱都很慷慨，成果没有攒到多少钱。She is very active in helping the poor.在协助穷人方面，她很热心。Pop music is popular with the young generation.流行歌曲受年轻一代欢迎。Lost in thought,he didnt realize that I came in.她陷入思考之中，没故意识到我进来了。I was amazed at the sight so that I didnt know what to do.看到这一幕我非常惊讶，不懂得该做什么。Students in Senior 3 are busy preparing for the coming final exam.高三学生在忙于准备即将到来期末考 试。【考例1】(重庆)You know,Bob is a little slow understanding,so.So I have to be patient_him.A.in;with B.on;with C.in;to D.at;for考查目的同定搭配中介词选取。答案与解析A be slow in 意为“在.方面反映迟钝，be patient with意为“对.有耐心”。4.end up with.以.结束(1)end up with+n.以.结束The party ended up with the singing of Auld Lang Syne.(2)end up as最后成为.He will end up as a president some day.(3)end up+地点状语最后(有.结局)If you drive your car like that,youll end(up)inhospital.5.“make+名词”短语 make a noise 吵闹make faces做鬼脸，做苦脸make room for给.腾出地方make the bed整顿床铺 make phone calls 才丁电话 make friends with 交朋友 make money 赚钱make use of运用make a decision做出决定 make a mistake出 错误例句The boy made a face at his teacher when she turned her back.教师转身时，男孩朝教师 做了个鬼脸。Working in the kitchen made the boy into a good cook.在厨房里干活使男孩成为一位先进厨师。They were moved out to a nearby hotel,to make room for more important persons.为了 给更重 要人物腾出地方，她们被搬到了附近一家旅店。【考伤1 The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to.(月匕京春 招)A.make it out B.make it offC.make it up D.make it over 考查目的重要考查make短语。答案与解析A make out意为“领悟、弄明白、发现真相 make off意为“连忙跑掉；make up意为“弥补、打扮、构成”；makeover意为“转让、改造”。由于受到困惑，因此应当是试 图发现真相。【考例】When shall we start?-Lets it at 8:30.Is that all right?(北京)A.set B.meet C.make D.take考查目的此题重要考查make短语。答案与解析C make i俨规定期间”为固定短语。本句话意思是“把出发时间定在8点半”。set意思是“对时间”、“调时间”。6.make fire 点火有如下fire(n.)短语：be on fire着火了(表达状态)/catch fire燃着；着火(表达动作)/play with fire 玩火；干冒险事/Set sth.on fire 二 set fire to sth.放火烧./make(a)fire 点火；生火/start(cause)a fire 引起火灾注意fire作“火灾一堆火解时，为可数名词。7.a great/good many 许多(1)a great/good many+名词复数,中 间无ofA great many people have seen the film.(2)a great/good many+of+the/these/those/one*s+名词复数 A great many of the people have seen the film.8.make yourself at home 另U 拘束(1)make yourself at home 别拘束(主人对客人说委婉语)一 Good evening,Jim.-Good evening,Mary.Come in and make yourself at home.(2)(all)by oneself 独自(没有别人协助)You can*t possibly do it all by yourself.(3)enjoy oneself=have a good time 玩得高兴 Please enjoy yourself while you*re spending your holiday in Hawaii.(4)for oneself 亲自；为自己 The student wants to think it for himself./One should not live for oneself alone.(5)of oneself 自动地 The door closed of itself suddenly.(6)be oneself 身体或情绪好 I am not myself today.(7)help oneself to+n./pron.随便.Please help yourself to the fish.(8)in oneself 自 身 This is not a bad idea in itself.(9)come to oneself 苏醒 The injured man came to him-self in five minutes.(10)between ourselves 私下说话 All this is between ourselves.9.the majority of.大多数.(1)a/the majority of+名词复数，作主语时，谓语动词多用复数。the majority单独作主 语，谓语动词用