高中英语语法主谓一致详细讲解名师优质课获奖市赛课一等奖课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,主谓一致,所谓主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词保持人称和数一致。,第1页,一、语法一致性标准,1.假如是each,another,onethe other,neither,either,everyone,everybody,everything,no one,someone,somebody,something,nothing,nobody作主语时，谓语动词用单数,第2页,比如：1.No one_ absent.,2._ everyone here?,3.There are two books,one _ small,the other _ big.,4.Either of the anwsers_right.,5.Each of us_(have)an English book.,6.We each _(have)an English book.,is,is,is,is,is,has,have,第3页,2.each+名词 and each+名词，many a+名词 and many a+名词，no+名词 and no+名词,every+名词 and every+名词,(这里全部名词都为单数）作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,第4页,比如：1.Many a student and many a teacher _(have)seen the film.,Many students_(be)here.,2.Each girl and each boy_(be)praised at the meetings.,3.No chair and no desk _(be)permitted to be taken out.,has,are,is,is,第5页,3.A/This/That+kind/type of+不可数名词/可数名词复数，谓语动词用单数,One of+名词复数，谓语动词用单数,A/This/That pair of+名词复数，谓语动词用单数,名词+of+this/that+kind/type 作主语时，谓语动词与名词保持一致。,第6页,比如：1.This kind of apples_ highly priced.,Apples of this kind_ highly priced.,2.This pair of trousers_ his.,3.A pair of shoes_ under the bed.,My shoes _ under the bed.,4.One of them_ damaged.,is,are,is,is,are,is,第7页,4.more than one+名词单数、many a+名词单数、the number of+名词复数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,a number of作主语时，谓语动词用复数。,第8页,比如：1.Many a student_ busy with his lessons.,2.The number of the students in our class_60.,A number of the students _(have)seen the film.,3.More than one person_injured in the accident yesterday.,is,is,have,was,第9页,5.表示时间、距离、金钱、度量等词作主语，用于表示整体概念时，谓语动词用单数。,比如：1.Fifteen minutes _ not enough.,2.Ten miles_ too much for him.,3.Twentyfive dollars_ too much to pay for the coat.,4.Three pounds _ not enough.,is,is,is,is,第10页,6.不可数名词、动名词、动词不定式和从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,比如：1.Seeing_ believing.,2.To see _ believing.,3.To be here _ a happy thing.,4.Saving his life _ my duty.,5.Who will go there _ decided.,is,is,is,is,is,第11页,7.由and连接两个名词，指同一事物，同一人，同一概念作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,比如：1.Bread and butter _ their daily food.,2.The writer and artist _ known to us.,The writer and the artist_ known to us.,3.A cart(运货车)and horse_seen in the distance.,is,is,are,is,第12页,4.A knife and fork _used by him.,5.Early to the bed and early to rise_a good habit.,is,is,第13页,由and和bothand连接两个并列成份作主语时，谓语动词用复数。,比如：1.Both bread and butter _ popular with children.,2.The black and the white cat_asleep.,The black and white cat _asleep.,3.Water and air _ necessary to people.,is,are,are,are,第14页,由and连接两个疑问词，接同一个动词不定式或同一个句子作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,比如：1.Where to find him and how to find him _unknown to us.,2.How and why he had to come to NewYork _ a story of success.,is,is,第15页,8.表示两数相加、两数相乘作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数又可用复数。,比如：1.Fifteen plus/and（加）five_ (make)twenty.,2.Five times(乘)six _ thirty.,表示两数相减、两数相除作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,make/makes,is/are,第16页,比如：1.Fifteen divided(除以)by three _ five.,2.Five minus(减)two _ three.,is,is,第17页,9.both,few,a few,many,several等词及所修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。,比如：1.Both of the students/students _the best.,2.Few of my friends _ here.,3.A few/Several girls _ going to see a film.,are,are,are,第18页,10.以“s”结尾表示学科名词(maths，physics，politics等)作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,第19页,二、逻辑一致性标准,1.当主语是all,most,half,part,the rest等词时，谓语动词取决于它所修饰名词或所替换名词单复数。,比如：1.All _ right.,All _ present.,2.The rest of the book _ interesting.,The rest of books _ on sale.,is,are,is,are,第20页,3.Most of the wood _ used to make chairs.,Most of the man _ young people.,4.Half of the house _ damaged.,Half of the boys _ going to the library.,is,is,are,are,第21页,2.a lot of,lots of,plenty of,some of,all of修饰不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。修饰可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。,none of+可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词单复数均可。,none of+不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,第22页,（3）amount of+不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,（4）quantities of+可数名词复数或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词均用复数。,（5）a quantity of+可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数。,a quantity of+不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,第23页,比如：1.There_ lots of people waiting outside.,Lots of water _ going to be wasted.,2.Plenty of water _ needed everyone.,Plenty of books _ needed in our school.,3.None of my friends _ here.,None of the money _ left.,are,is,are,is,is,is/are,第24页,4.Amounts of work _(have)been fishined.,5.A quantity of food _ kept in the cave.,Quantities of food _ kept in the cave.,6.A quantity of books _ sold out.,Quantities of books _ sold out.,have,is,are,are,are,第25页,3.family,crew(全体人员),audience,group,government,team,club,public,class,enemy(敌人),committee（委员会）等集体名词作主语，指整体概念时，谓语动词用单数。指组员时，谓语动词用复数。,比如：1.Our class _ on the fourth floor.,Our class _ out.,is,are,第26页,2.The crew _ made up of able man.,The crew _ busy with their work.,3.My family _ not large,My family _ watching TV.,is,is,are,are,第27页,4.people,youth(年轻人),cattle(牛总成)，police(警察)作主语时，谓语动词用复数。,比如：1.The police _ searching for the lost child.,2.The cattle _ eating grass.,are,are,第28页,5.population 作为人口讲时，为集合名词，单独作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,比如：The population of China,is,large than that of Japan.,(2)假如population前有分数或百分数修饰作主语时，谓语动词用复数。,比如：Three fourths of the population,are,famers.,第29页,(3)形容人口多少用large/small,某地域人口有多少，用has a population of,问询人口多少用Whats the population of,第30页,6.假如主语中心名词后有with,together with,as well as,along with,but,besides,except,in addition to,not,rather than,more than,including,like(像),等，谓语动词取就远标准。,比如：1.The teacher with two students_ at the meeting.,2.She not I _going to see a doctor.,is,is,第31页,3.The girl as well as boys_（have）seen the film.,4.You rather than he_ punished yesterday.,5.No one but they_ my friends.,has,were,is,第32页,7.（1）分数或百分数+不可数名词或可数名词单数作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,（2）分数或百分数+可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数。,（3）one and a half+名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,（4）one or two+名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数。,（5）a/an+名词单数+or two作主语时，谓语动词通惯用单数。,第33页,比如：1.Three fourths of the surface on the earth _ sea.,2.Two thirds of the people _ against the plan.,3.One and a half apples _ a good meal for the beggar(乞丐).,4.One or two days _enough for the work.,5.A day or two _ enough for the work.,is,is,is,are,are,第34页,三、意义一致性标准,1.sheep,means,deer,Chinese,Japanese等单复数相同名词作主语时，谓语动词依据其意义决定。,比如：1.One sheep _ enough.,Ten sheep _ missing.,2.Every means _ tried.,All means _ tried.,is,is,are,are,第35页,注意：假如means前有a,such a,this,that,every,each修饰时，谓语动词用单数，假如means前有both,all,these,those修饰时，谓语动词用复数。,第36页,2.the+adj./done/doing 表示一类人作主语时，谓语动词用复数。表示事物作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,比如：1.The old _ taken good care of by the government.,2.The injured _ taken to hospital immediately.,3.The beautiful _(give)pleasures to all of us.,are,are,gives,第37页,3.(1)one of+名词复数+that/who+谓语动词复数形式,the only/very/just/last one of+名词复数+who/that+谓语动词单数形式。,比如：1.He is one of the students who _ praised.,2.He is the only one of the students who _ praised.,are,is,第38页,(2)在定语从句中，关系代词作主语时，其谓语动词单复数与先行词保持一致。,4.疑问词：which,what,who作主语时，依据意义决定谓语动词单复数。,比如：1.Which _ your room.,Which _ your rooms.,2.What I say and think_ out of your business.,is,are,are,第39页,3.Who _ your brother.,Who _ your classmates.,is,are,第40页,5.在强调句中，强调主语时，谓语动词与被强调部分保持一致。,比如：1.It was he that _ invited to the party.,2.It is I that _ your friend.,was,am,第41页,6.such作主语时，谓语动词单复数依据其意义而定。,比如：1.Such _ what he said.,2.She wants to have a big bed and many toys,such _ her wishes.,was,are,第42页,四、就近标准,1.Here/There+be/exist/live/stand/lie 连接几个主语时，谓语动词取就近标准。,比如：1.There _ a pen and two books.,There _ two books and a pen.,2.Here _ a pen and a few books.,Here _ a few books and a pen.,is,is,are,are,第43页,2.由or,eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut also,notbut连接两个主语时，谓语动词取就近标准。,比如：1.Not only he but also his parents _ at home.,2.Either you or I _ wrong.,3._ either you or I wrong?,4.Not you but I _ to answer for it.,5._ neither he nor I for the agreement.,are,am,Are,am,Is,第44页,