常用旅游英语300句必备学习.docx

美式论文、报告写作技巧

编者按：美式教育的特点即是课程内容强调学生参与及创新运用，因此，报告便成了常见的考核学生学习成果的方式，比如实验报告、学期报告、专题报告、研究报告及论文（含毕业论文）等。研究生presentation 及 seminar 的机会更是占很大的比重，有些甚至占学期成绩很大比例。如何完成报告、论文同时得到良好的成绩，是本文提供给有志留学的有心人参考的目的。

美国大学生由於自小已养成自动寻找答案习惯，在启发式的教育环境下，写报告、论文对他们来说比较不陌生，虽然专业知识上美国学生不见得比外籍学生强，但是表达能力由於自小培养，加上英语能力的优势，常比外籍学生在报告、论文方面有较隹的利基。反之中国学生比较缺乏报告写作的训练，因此如果在留学过程中无法适应美式教育会比较辛苦，其实论文、报告的写作要领其实不难，只要把握技巧就可水到渠成。

通常论文由篇首(Preliminaries)，本文(Texts)以及参考资料(References)三部分构成；而这三大部分各自内容如下：

(一) 篇首：

封面(Title)
序言(Preface)
谢词(Acknowledge)
提要(Summary)
目录(Tables and Appendixes)

(二) 本文：

引言(Introduction)
主体，含篇(Part)、章(Chapter)、节(Section) 、以及注释 (Footnotes)

(三)参考资料：

参考书目(References or Bibliography)
附录资料(Appendix)。

进行论文或报告写作之前，先要确定想要表达的主题，主题确定后，将其具体表达，即为题目。题目可以提供研究者：
一.研究的方向
二.研究的范围
三.资料搜集的范围
四.预期研究成果

通常在确定题目之後就开始找资料从事研究，建议在找资料之前最好去问教授有哪些参考资料来源可供参考引用。构思为确定写作大纲或 Proposal 的先前步骤， 大纲是论文、报告的骨干， Proposal 是研究的架构、流程及范围的说明书。如何构思大纲或Proposal为论文、报告写作前的必要准备工作。好的论文或研究报告，要基于在完整、详实的资料上，而参考资料除了和教授商借之外，最主要的来源就是图书馆了，一般参考资料来源可分成教科书或手册、政府机构的报告、科技或商业方面的杂志，及会议性质的资料。此外现代的电脑资料库也可帮助收集资料，在国外可利用学校的电脑连线资料库寻找自己需要的资料。当一切准备就绪，即可开始着手写报告，一般报告还分大报告如期末、专题等报告，及小报告如 Seminar 式的报告。

就算是小报告，也至少应含

(一)TITLE PAGES ：包含主题名称、作者、日期
(二)Summary： 即主要的结论
(三)Introduction：包括理论背景及内容
(四)Technical Sections：是论文的主体，为最重要的部份应再细分为 几个片断。
(五)Conclusions：即扼要的结论
(六)Appendixes：复杂公式的导引及叁考资料和电脑程式的报表可附加在 此项

美式报告的撰写通常要打字，两行式，行间若有未拼完的字要以音节来连接。写报告通常需要用到电脑，如有计算数字统计图表的需求，也常会用到程式软体如PASCAL、LOTUS，统计分析软体如SAS，也是不可或缺的，电脑绘图在今日已成为工商界及学术界的重要工具，文书处理更是最基本的要求，因此Word for Window、Powerpoint、Excel便成了颇受欢迎的工具。此外在英文语法、文法上的润饰与修改，如能请老美帮忙会比较好。

论文、报告完成后有时会需要做解说(Presentation)，用英文来讲演对中国人来说算是一大挑战，通常课堂讲演时间为十五分钟到三十分钟，若是论文囗试则至少一小时。投影机及麦克风的使用对讲演的效果有很大帮助，正式讲演前多预习几次，时间宜控制适中，上台时忌讳低头拿着报告照念，需留意听众的反应，切中主题，避免太多数字的导引。
常用旅遊英語300句
Where can I catch a taxi? 哪里我可以叫到計程車？
The taxi zone is right on the left corner over there.出租車站台就在左邊轉角處。
Are you free? 您有空嗎？
Sure. Where are you going? 當然。您要去哪里？
Drive me back to Santa Clara.載我到聖塔克萊拉。
Santa Clara? OK. That's about 20 miles away.聖塔克萊拉？好的，大約是20英里遠。
How much will it cost? 需要多少錢？
That'll be thirty-six dollars, sir.先生，車費是36元。
Here you are. You can keep the change.給你。零錢不用找了。
You're very generous.你真慷慨。
That's alright. You're a lot of help.沒關係。你幫了很大的忙。
Take me to the railway station.載我到火車站。
Take me back.載我回去。
What is the charge for that? 那要多少費用？
How much extra do I have to pay for that? 我還要另外付多少？
Keep the change for yourself.找回的錢你留著。
The change is yours.找回的錢給你。
Don't give me the change anymore.不必給我找錢了。
Is this the bus that goes by the mall? 這班公共汽車經過商業街嗎？
No, it isn't. But you can transfer from this bus to bus number 24.
不，不經過。但是你可以搭這班車轉乘24路。
Good. How much is the fare? 好。車費多少？
It's seventy-five cents for adults and thirty cents for children under twelve.
大人75美分，12歲以下的小孩30分。
Will it cost for the transfer? 轉車要錢嗎？
Yes. When you get on the transfer bus, just show the bus driver this ticket stub.
要。當你上了轉乘的公共汽車時，就把這張票根給司機看。
You will only have to pay another ten cents and a nickle for your child.
你只需另外再付10美分，而你的孩子只要再付5美分。
That sounds pretty good.聽起來挺好的嘛！
You can take a seat now.現在你找個座位坐下吧。
When you're ready to get off, remember to press the button near your seat.
當你要下車時，記得按你座位旁的按鈕。
Is this bus going to Dallas? 這車開往達拉斯嗎？
Get me off at the Fifth Avenue.請在第五大道讓我下車。
Where can I put the coin? 硬幣要放在哪兒？
How long does it take? 要花多久時間？
Can you tell me how to get to the railroad station? 你能告訴我怎樣去火車站嗎？
May I help you, sir? 需要我幫忙嗎，先生？
I'd like to cash some traveller's checks here.我想在這兒兌換一些旅行支票。
Certainly. Do you have any identification? 當然可以。你有任何證明文件嗎？
Yes, I have my Passport. Here it is.是的，我有護照。這就是。
Fine. How much would you like to exchange, sir? 好的。您要兌換多少呢，先生？
What's the exchange rate today? 今天的兌換比率是多少？
A dollar is valued at eight point two RMB yuan.一美元價值8.2元人民幣。
Five hundred dollars, please. And could you give me ten dollar in small change?
請換500美元。再另外能否給我10元的小面額零錢？
Here you go, sir.可以，先生。
Will it take long? 要很久嗎？
No. Please endorse the check at the back.不會的。請在支票的背面簽名。
OK.好的。
Anything can I help you with? 有我能幫忙的地方嗎？
Are you being waited on? 您需要服務嗎？
I'd like to convert some RMB yuan to US dollar, please.請將我的一些人民幣換成美元。
Please cash this check.請兌現這張支票。
I want to pick up the car tomorrow morning at seven. Are you open then?
我想在明天早上7點提車。那時你們開門了嗎？
Yes, we are, Mr. Wang. How are you going to pay? 對，我們開門。你打算如何付錢？
May I pay in cash? 可以付現金嗎？
We'd prefer a credit card, if you have one.如果你有信用卡，我們較喜歡信用卡。
Yes, of course.可以，當然可以。
How long will you keep the car? 這車你要用多久？
Just three days.只要三天。
Are you going to return it here? 你要在這裏歸還嗎？
No. I want to leave it in Chicago.不。我想把它留在芝加哥。
That will be fine.那可以。
Here's my visa card.這是我的visa卡。
Just a minute. Here's your receipt.請等一下。這是你的收據。
Do you mind if I pay in cash? 你介意我付現金嗎？
Do you have any objections to my paying in cash? 你反對我付現金嗎？
My plans force me to leave it in Chicago.我的計畫使我必須將它留在芝加哥。
Anything else, sir? 先生，還要別的東西嗎？
That's all for now. How much do I owe you? 目前這些就夠了，我要付你多少錢？
That'll be fifty-five dollars and twenty cents.一共55元2角。
Can't you make it a little cheaper? 你不能算便宜一點？
Oh, no sir. We already gave you a discount on each item.
哦，不行，先生。每一件東西我們都給你打過折扣了。
OK. I understand. Thank you.好吧，我懂了，謝謝你。
Any discount, OK? 可以打個折扣嗎？
It is too expensive. How about half the price? 太貴了，半價怎麼樣？
Only a five percent discount? How about twenty percent? 只打九五折？八折怎麼樣？
What a price! Lower it, please? 這麼高的價格！請降點。
I'll take it. But the price is a bit high. How about free wrapping?
我買了。但價格有點高，免費包裝怎麼樣？
Good afternoon. What's the trouble? 下午好。有什麼不舒服嗎？
I've had a pretty high fever since yesterday morning.從昨天早上起，我就一直發高燒。
Anything else? 還有其他的嗎？
Yes. I have an upset stomach.是的，我的胃很難受。
I see. We'll take a good look at you.我明白了。我們會好好替你看看。
Do you have any other symptoms? Any more than those you've described?
你有沒有其他的症狀？除了那些你已敍述過的？
No. That's about all.沒有。大概就是這些。
Well, I don't think it's anything serious.嗯，我想沒有什麼嚴重的。
I'm relieved to hear that.你的話使我松了一口氣。
I'm having trouble eating.我吃東西時有困難。
What I eat won't stay down.我吃東西時感到噁心。
Nothing will stay down when I eat.我吃下去的東西全吐出來了。
I'm having some trouble keeping food down.我吃東西時感到困難。
That's load off my mind.這一來我心裏輕鬆了。
That's relief.真令人欣慰。
That's reassuring.真令人安心。
Are there any tours for the Grand Canyon? 有到大峽谷的旅遊團嗎？
There are several tours of the Grand Canyon.到大峽谷有好幾個旅遊團。
Have you been to our Tourist Information Center?"你去過我們的""旅客服務中心""嗎？"
No, I haven't. Would you show me where that is? 不，沒去過。你可以告訴我去哪里嗎？
Sure. It's up ahead to your left.好的。往前走，在你的左邊。
I heard that some tours actually go down into the canyon. Is that true?
我聽說有的旅遊團真正下到峽谷裏去了。那是真的嗎？
Yes. It's a great way to really see the canyon.真的。那是真正參觀峽谷的好方式。
In addition, it's great exercise too, since we do a lot of hiking.
還有，那也是個好的運動，因為我們要長距離徒步旅行。
That sounds fantastic. Where do I go to sign up for that tour?
那聽起來好極了。我到哪里去報名參加呢？
Go inside the Information Center.到服務中心去。
And tell them you want to go on the tour that goes down into the canyon.
跟他們說你要參加到峽谷裏去的旅遊團。
You pay there. I have the next group to go down. I'll see you soon then.
你在那兒付錢。我帶的下一個團就是要下去的。回見！
Would you mind telling me what the climate is like in California?
您能告訴我加利福尼亞的氣候怎麼樣？
Have you ever been there? 你去過那兒嗎？
Is it true that it's full of wonders there? 那裏充滿了奇異的景觀，是真的嗎？
When was it built? 它是什麼時候建造的？
Could you give me some information on your European tours?
你可以給我一些你們經辦的有關歐洲旅行的資料嗎？
Our pleasure.好的。
We have several package tours you may choose, from ten days to three weeks in Europe. 我們有幾套歐洲旅遊計畫選擇，時間從10天到3個星期。
I would be interested in a ten-day trip around Christmas time.
我有興趣在耶誕節前後去玩10天。
I have one ten-day tour that is still available. It will depart from New York on Dec. 24.
我們一個10天的旅行團還有空位，12月24號離開紐約。
What is the cost? 費用是多少？
The price for one person for a ten-day tour is only $ 1088, which includes round-trip airfare. 十日游每人只要1088美元。這個費用包括來回機票。
That sounds reasonable. Let me think it over. And I'll call you back to make reservations. 聽起來價錢還算公道。讓我考慮一下，我會再打電話預定。
OK. But don't delay too long. Or that trip will be all booked.
好，但不要拖太久，否則會訂滿的。
May I have a bus map, please? 請給我一份公共汽車路線圖好嗎？
If I were you, I'd try one of the newspaper stands.如果我是你，我會到一個書報亭去看看。
I would like to know about your honeymoon travel packages.
我想要知道你們辦的有關蜜月旅行計畫。
Where are we now? 我們現在是在什麼地方呢？
I don't know. We're completely lost.我不知道，我們完全迷路了。
Oh, here comes a police officer. Let's ask him.哦，一位員警過來了，我們去問問他。
OK. Excuse me. May I ask where we are now? 好啊。對不起，請問我們現在是在什麼地方？
Yes, you've right in the middle of the Fifth Avenue vegetable market.
你們就在第五街的蔬菜市場裏。
Where would you like to go? 你們要去哪里呢？
Excuse me, officer, which way shall I take? I want to go back to Beijing Hotel.
對不起，警官。我想回北京賓館，我該走哪條路。
Take the right one and go ahead and it will take you five minutes. You can't miss it.
走右邊這條路，一直朝前走，只要五分鐘的時間你就到了。
Thank you.謝謝您。
I'm afraid I have lost my way. Where can I take a bus if I want to go back to the downtown? 我迷路了，如果我想回市中心，我在哪兒可以坐公車？
I want to go to the railway station. Could you show me the way?
我想去火車站，您能帶我去嗎？
Where's this place in the map? 這裏在地圖的哪個位置？
Is this the right way to the station? 往車站走這條路對嗎？
How can I get to Sheraton Hotel? 往喜來登賓館怎麼走？
Welcome to China. May I have a look at your customs declaration?
歡迎來中國。我可以看一下您的入境申請報表嗎？
Yes. Here you are.好的，都在這兒。
You go ahead with the formalities. I'll see to the heavy luggage.
您先去辦手續，我來幫您照看大件行李。
That's great. I'll come back right after the formalities.那太好了。手續辦完後我就回來。
What type of visa have you got? 您持的是哪種簽證？
I have a tourist visa.旅遊簽證。
Would you mind opening your suitcase? 請把您的箱子打開，好嗎？
Not at all. Check it, please.好的，請檢查。
Would you please make a record of all your foreign currencies?
請把你所帶的外幣登記一下，好嗎？
OK. I'll do as you say.好的，照辦。
Have you filled in the baggage declaration? 行李申請單填好了嗎？
No. I really don't know how to go about it.沒有。我真不知道如何填。
Do you have anything to declare for customs? 有什麼要申報呀？
No. I have nothing to declare.沒有。我沒有什麼要申報的。
How long are you going to stay here? 您在這裏呆多久？
About one month. I'm just sightseeing.大約一個月。我只是觀光旅遊。
Have you anything dutiable? 您有應繳稅的東西嗎？
No, these are only personal effects.沒有，這只是些私人用品。
Is that all for customs formalities? 海關檢查就這些了嗎？
Yes, you are through with it. I hope you will enjoy your stay in China.
是的，檢查完畢。希望您在中國過得愉快。
Are you carrying any items that need to be declared? 你沒有攜帶需要申報的東西嗎？
Do you have anything that must be claimed? 難道你沒需要申報的東西嗎？
Would you please hand me your customs declaration form? 請出示您的申報表給我？
Please have your customs declaration form ready.請把您的申報表準備好。
All my bags are checked in. I guess I'm all set to go.我的行李都檢查完了，看來我可以走了。
I know you must be excited to go home after such a long business trip.
出差這麼久，終於要回家了，我想你一定很高興。
I am sure. So, we'll be expecting the first shipment in less than a month.
那當然。我們都希望第一批貨在一個月之內可以裝船。
Yes, that's right. They'll be there in no time.沒錯，貨很快就會運到。
Good. Tell Mr. Gao at the factory to keep up the good work.
很好，請告訴工廠的高先生繼續努力。
I think all the products are going to sell very well.我相信這批貨一定會賣得很好。
We hope so! It's always good to work with you, Tom.
希望如此！湯姆，和你們合作總是很愉快。
I want to thank you for placing such a big order with us. You won't be disappointed.
謝謝你下了這麼大的訂單，你一定不會失望的。
I'm sure I won't. I really appreciate all of your hospitality.
這點我相信。我真的很感激你的招待。
It was my please.榮幸之至。
And I'd like to give you a little something to take home. Let me unroll it.
對了，我有樣小東西想送你，讓我把它打開。
This is beautiful! Chinese calligraphy. What do these characters mean?
好漂亮！是中國書法！這上面寫的是什麼意思？
They mean long life. I remember you liked the calligraphy at the Palace Museum.
長命百歲。我記得上次去故宮，你特別喜歡書法。
So I thought you might like it.所以，我想你可能會喜歡這個。
That's very nice of you. Where did you get it? It's not a print.
真細心！你從哪兒弄來的？這還不是複製的呢！
No, it's an original. My father's friend is a calligrapher, and I had him make it for you.
沒錯，這可是真跡。我父親的朋友是書法家，專門幫你寫的。
And his name and the date are on the bottom.他的名字和日期都在下面。
I'll hang it in my office. But I feel bad I didn't get you anything.
我要把它掛在辦公室。不過，真不好意思，我什麼也沒送你。
Don't worry about it. It's a taken of my appreciation for your business, and friendship.
沒關係的。這是向你表示我們在生意及友誼上的一點心意。
If you have time around Christmas, please come to visit my family.
如果你耶誕節前後有空，歡迎到我家來玩。
And I'll be able to show you around our city.我可以帶你在我們那兒四處看看。
Thanks for the invitation. And please give my regards to your wife.
謝謝你的邀請。請代我問候貴夫人。
You do the same. Well, I'd better go. Thanks again for everything.
你也代我問候一聲。好，我得走了，再次謝謝你們的招待。
Take care, and have a nice flight.請保重！祝你一路順風！
Thank you for taking care of me here.多謝您的周到招待。
I really appreciate all of your hospitality.十分感謝您的款待。
Here's something for you.這有東西送你。
Please accept these gifts with my thanks.請接受這些禮物以表達我的謝意。
Have a safe trip back.祝您平安返家。
Have a nice flight.祝您一路順風。
Take care on your way back.回程保重了。
Happy landings! 一路順風！
Good morning, sir. May I help you? 早安，先生。能為您服務嗎？
Yes. I have a room booked with you, for three days starting today. Name of Lu, L-U.
是的，我已向你們訂了房間，從今天開始，共三天。姓陸，L-U。
Thank you, Mr. Lu. Please wait a moment while I check our reservations list.
謝謝，陸先生。請稍等，我查一下訂房名單。
That's Mr. Steven Lu, from Taipei? 您是Steven Lu，從臺北來的？
Yes, it is.是的，沒錯。
Mr. Lu, everything is OK. Your booking is from today through Wednesday. Single room.陸先生，沒問題的。您從今天訂到星期三，單人房。
Your room number is 512. Here's your key.房間號碼是512。這是您的鑰匙。
Thanks. Could you point me in the right direction? 謝謝。您能告訴我要往哪里走嗎？
Certainly, sir. The elevators are right across the lobby.
當然可以，先生。電梯就在大廳的正對面。
Floors one to eight are the elevators to the left.一到八樓上下使用的電梯在左邊。
Hi. I'd like to cash an American Express traveler's check.
嗨，我想兌換美國運通的旅行支票。
Sure. Would you please sign your name on the back, sir, with your passport number?
沒問題。先生，請您在支票背後簽上名字和護照號碼。
And I'll need to see your passport.另外，我需要看一下您的護照。
Sure. Can you give me fifty dollars in small bills, please, and ten dollars in change?
好的。你可以幫我把50塊錢換成小鈔，10塊換成零錢嗎？
No problems. Here's your passport, and here's your money. Have a nice day, Mr. Lu.
沒問題。這是您的護照，還有您的錢。祝您愉快，陸先生。
I have room reserved.我已訂了房。
Please wait a second.請稍等。
Please hold on a moment.請等會兒。
Hello. I'm calling from Room 1116.喂，我這裏是1116號房間。
Yes? Can I do something for you? 什麼事？我能為您效勞嗎？
I'm ready to check out now.我準備好要結賬。
I have your bill right here.您的帳單在這裏。
Did you make any long distance calls this morning, or did you sign for your breakfast?
您今天早上沒有打長途電話或吃早餐記賬？
No, I didn't.沒有。
Fine. The bill comes to $ 300 even.好。帳單上總共是300元整。
May I check it? 我可以核對一下嗎？
By all means, you ahead.當然可以。隨便。
What is this charge here? 這是什麼費用？
That's for a long distance call you make two nights ago.
這是你兩天前打的一個長途電話的費用。
I see. Is a credit card OK? 我明白了。用信用卡可以嗎？
Yes, of course.可以，當然可以。
May I look it over? 我可以過目一遍嗎？
I'll check it, if I may.如果可以的話，我要核對。
Do you accept credit cards? 你們接受信用卡嗎？
Is it all right if I use my credit card? 如果我使用信用卡行嗎？
Will you honor a credit card? 你們承認信用卡嗎？
Excuse me. Can you direct me to the toy dep