c++面向对象程序设计课后习题答案(谭浩强版).doc

第一章
5:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
cout<<"This"<<"is";
cout<<"a"<<"C++";
cout<<"program."<<endl;
return 0;
}
6:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int a,b,c;
a=10;
b=23;
c=a+b;
cout<<"a+b=";
cout<<c;
cout<<endl;
return 0;
}

7:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int a,b,c;
int f(int x,int y,int z);
cin>>a>>b>>c;
c=f(a,b,c);
cout<<c<<endl;
return 0;
}

int f(int x,int y,int z)
{
int m;
if (x<y) m=x;
else m=y;
if (z<m) m=z;
return(m);
}

8: #include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int a,b,c;
cin>>a>>b;
c=a+b;
cout<<"a+b="<<a+b<<endl;
return 0;
}

9:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{int add(int x,int y);
int a,b,c;
cin>>a>>b;
c=add(a,b);
cout<<"a+b="<<c<<endl;
return 0;
}

int add(int x,int y)
{int c;
c=x+y;
return(c);
}

10:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{void sort(int x,int y,int z);
int x,y,z;
cin>>x>>y>>z;
sort(x,y,z);
return 0;
}

void sort(int x, int y, int z)
{
int temp;
if (x>y) {temp=x;x=y;y=temp;} //{ }内3个语句的作用是将x和y的值互换)
if (z<x) cout<<z<<','<<x<<','<<y<<endl;
else if (z<y) cout<<x<<','<<z<<','<<y<<endl;
else cout<<x<<','<<y<<','<<z<<endl;
}
11:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{int max(int a,int b,int c=0);
int a,b,c;
cin>>a>>b>>c;
cout<<"max(a,b,c)="<<max(a,b,c)<<endl;
cout<<"max(a,b)="<<max(a,b)<<endl;
return 0;
}

int max(int a,int b,int c)
{if(b>a) a=b;
if(c>a) a=c;
return a;
}
12:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
void change(int ,int );
int a,b;
cin>>a>>b;
if(a<b) change(a,b);
cout<<"max="<<a<<" min="<<b<<endl;
return 0;
}

void change(int ,int )
{
int r1,r2,temp;

temp=r1;
r1=r2;
r2=temp;

}
13:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{void sort(int &,int &,int &);
int a,b,c,a1,b1,c1;
cout<<"Please enter 3 integers:";
cin>>a>>b>>c;
a1=a;b1=b;c1=c;
sort(a1,b1,c1);
cout<<a<<" "<<b<<" "<<c<<" in sorted order is ";
cout<<a1<<" "<<b1<<" "<<c1<<endl;
return 0;
}
void sort(int &i,int &j,int &k)
{ void change(int &,int &);
if (i>j) change(i,j);
if (i>k) change(i,k);
if (j>k) change(j,k);
}
void change(int &x,int &y)
{ int temp;
temp=x;
x=y;
y=temp;
}

14:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{ string s1="week",s2="end";
cout<<"s1="<<s1<<endl;
cout<<"s2="<<s2<<endl;
s1=s1+s2;
cout<<"The new string is:"<<s1<<endl;
return 0;
}

15:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{ string str;
int i,n;
char temp;
cout<<"please input a string:";
cin>>str;
n=str.size();
for(i=0;i<n/2;i++)
{temp=str[i];str[i]=str[n-i-1];str[n-i-1]=temp;}
cout<<str<<endl;
return 0;
}

16:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{ int i;
string str[5]={"BASIC","C","FORTRAN","C++","PASCAL"};
void sort(string []);
sort(str);
cout<<"the sorted strings :"<<endl;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
cout<<str[i]<<" ";
cout<<endl;
return 0;
}

void sort(string s[])
{int i,j;
string t;
for (j=0;j<5;j++)
for(i=0;i<5-j;i++)
if (s[i]>s[i+1])
{t=s[i];s[i]=s[i+1];s[i+1]=t;}
}17: #include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
long c[5]={10100,-123567, 1198783,-165654, 3456};
int a[5]={1,9,0,23,-45};
float b[5]={2.4, 7.6, 5.5, 6.6, -2.3 };
void sort(int []);
void sort(float []);
void sort(long []);
sort(a);
sort(b);
sort(c);
return 0;
}

void sort(int a[])
{int i,j,t;
for (j=0;j<5;j++)
for(i=0;i<5-j;i++)
if (a[i]>a[i+1])
{t=a[i];a[i]=a[i+1];a[i+1]=t;}
cout<<"the sorted numbers :"<<endl;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
cout<<a[i]<<" ";
cout<<endl<<endl;
}

void sort(long a[])
{int i,j;
long t;
for (j=0;j<5;j++)
for(i=0;i<5-j;i++)
if (a[i]>a[i+1])
{t=a[i];a[i]=a[i+1];a[i+1]=t;}
cout<<"the sorted numbers :"<<endl;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
cout<<a[i]<<" ";
cout<<endl<<endl;
}

void sort(float a[])
{int i,j;
float t;
for (j=0;j<5;j++)
for(i=0;i<5-j;i++)
if (a[i]>a[i+1])
{t=a[i];a[i]=a[i+1];a[i+1]=t;}
cout<<"the sorted numbers :"<<endl;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
cout<<a[i]<<" ";
cout<<endl<<endl;
}

18: #include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
template <typename T>
void sort(T a[])
{int i,j,min;
T t;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{min=i;
for (j=i+1;j<5;j++)
if(a[min]>a[j]) min=j;
t=a[i]; a[i]=a[min]; a[min]=t;
}
cout<<"the sorted numbers :"<<endl;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
cout<<a[i]<<" ";
cout<<endl<<endl;
}

int main()
{ int a[5]={1,9,0,23,-45};
float b[5]={2.4, 7.6, 5.5, 6.6, -2.3 };
long c[5]={10100,-123567, 1198783,-165654, 3456};
sort(a);
sort(b);
sort(c);
return 0;
}

第二章
1

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Time
{
public:
void set_time();
void show_time();
private: //成员改为公用的
int hour;
int minute;
int sec;

};

void Time::set_time() //在main函数之前定义
{
cin>>hour;
cin>>minute;
cin>>sec;
}

void Time::show_time() //在main函数之前定义
{
cout<<hour<<":"<<minute<<":"<<sec<<endl;
}

int main()
{Time t1;
t1.set_time();
t1.show_time();
return 0;
}

2：
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Time
{public:
void set_time(void)
{cin>>hour;
cin>>minute;
cin>>sec;
}
void show_time(void)
{cout<<hour<<":"<<minute<<":"<<sec<<endl;}

private: int hour;
int minute;
int sec;
};

Time t;
int main()
{
t.set_time();
t.show_time();
return 0;
}
3：
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Time
{public:
void set_time(void);
void show_time(void);
private:
int hour;
int minute;
int sec;
};

void Time::set_time(void)
{cin>>hour;
cin>>minute;
cin>>sec;
}

void Time::show_time(void)
{cout<<hour<<":"<<minute<<":"<<sec<<endl;}

Time t;
int main()
{ t.set_time();
t.show_time();
return 0;
}
4：
//xt2-4-1.cpp(main.cpp)
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "xt2-4.h"
int main()
{Student stud;
stud.set_value();
stud.display();
return 0;
}

//xt2-4-2.cpp(即student.cpp)
#include "xt2-4.h" //在此文件中进行函数的定义
#include <iostream>
using namespace std; //不要漏写此行
void Student::display( )
{ cout<<"num:"<<num<<endl;
cout<<"name:"<<name<<endl;
cout<<"sex:"<<sex<<endl;
}

void Student::set_value()
{ cin>>num;
cin>>name;
cin>>sex;
}
5：
//xt2-5-1.cpp(file1.cpp)
#include <iostream>
#include "xt2-5.h"
int main()
{Array_max arrmax;
arrmax.set_value();
arrmax.max_value();
arrmax.show_value();
return 0;
}

//xt2-5-2.cpp(arraymax.cpp)
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "xt2-5.h"
void Array_max::set_value()
{ int i;
for (i=0;i<10;i++)
cin>>array[i];
}

void Array_max::max_value()
{int i;
max=array[0];
for (i=1;i<10;i++)
if(array[i]>max) max=array[i];
}

void Array_max::show_value()
{cout<<"max="<<max<<endl;
}

6：解法一

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Box
{public:
void get_value();
float volume();
void display();
public:
float lengh;
float width;
float height;
};

void Box::get_value()
{ cout<<"please input lengh, width,height:";
cin>>lengh;
cin>>width;
cin>>height;
}

float Box::volume()
{ return(lengh*width*height);}

void Box::display()
{ cout<<volume()<<endl;}

int main()
{Box box1,box2,box3;
box1.get_value();
cout<<"volmue of bax1 is ";
box1.display();
box2.get_value();
cout<<"volmue of bax2 is ";
box2.display();
box3.get_value();
cout<<"volmue of bax3 is ";
box3.display();
return 0;
}
解法二：
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Box
{public:
void get_value();
void volume();
void display();
public:
float lengh;
float width;
float height;
float vol;
};

void Box::get_value()
{ cout<<"please input lengh, width,height:";
cin>>lengh;
cin>>width;
cin>>height;
}

void Box::volume()
{ vol=lengh*width*height;}

void Box::display()
{ cout<<vol<<endl;}

int main()
{Box box1,box2,box3;
box1.get_value();
box1.volume();
cout<<"volmue of bax1 is ";
box1.display();
box2.get_value();
box2.volume();
cout<<"volmue of bax2 is ";
box2.display();
box3.get_value();
box3.volume();
cout<<"volmue of bax3 is ";
box3.display();
return 0;
}

第三章
2:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Date
{public:
Date(int,int,int);
Date(int,int);
Date(int);
Date();
void display();
private:
int month;
int day;
int year;
};

Date::Date(int m,int d,int y):month(m),day(d),year(y)
{ }

Date::Date(int m,int d):month(m),day(d)
{year=2005;}

Date::Date(int m):month(m)
{day=1;
year=2005;
}

Date::Date()
{month=1;
day=1;
year=2005;
}

void Date::display()
{cout<<month<<"/"<<day<<"/"<<year<<endl;}

int main()
{
Date d1(10,13,2005);
Date d2(12,30);
Date d3(10);
Date d4;
d1.display();
d2.display();
d3.display();
d4.display();
return 0;
}
3:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Date
{public:
Date(int=1,int=1,int=2005);
void display();
private:
int month;
int day;
int year;
};

Date::Date(int m,int d,int y):month(m),day(d),year(y)
{ }

void Date::display()
{cout<<month<<"/"<<day<<"/"<<year<<endl;}

int main()
{
Date d1(10,13,2005);
Date d2(12,30);
Date d3(10);
Date d4;
d1.display();
d2.display();
d3.display();
d4.display();
return 0;
}
4:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Student
{public:
Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}
void display();
private:
int num;
float score;
};

void Student::display()
{cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;}

int main()
{Student stud[5]={
Student(101,78.5),Student(102,85.5),Student(103,98.5),
Student(104,100.0),Student(105,95.5)};
Student *p=stud;
for(int i=0;i<=2;p=p+2,i++)
p->display();
return 0;
}

5:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Student
{public:
Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}
int num;
float score;
};

void main()
{Student stud[5]={
Student(101,78.5),Student(102,85.5),Student(103,98.5),
Student(104,100.0),Student(105,95.5)};
void max(Student* );
Student *p=&stud[0];
max(p);
}

void max(Student *arr)
{float max_score=arr[0].score;
int k=0;
for(int i=1;i<5;i++)
if(arr[i].score>max_score) {max_score=arr[i].score;k=i;}
cout<<arr[k].num<<" "<<max_score<<endl;
}

6:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Student
{public:
Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}
void change(int n,float s) {num=n;score=s;}
void display(){cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;}
private:
int num;
float score;
};

int main()
{Student stud(101,78.5);
stud.display();
stud.change(101,80.5);
stud.display();
return 0;
}

7: 解法一
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Student
{public:
Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}
void change(int n,float s) {num=n;score=s;}
void display() {cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;}
//可改为:void display() const {cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;}
private:
int num;
float score;
};

int main()
{const Student
stud(101,78.5);
stud.display();
//stud.change(101,80.5);
stud.display();
return 0;
}

解法二：
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Student
{public:
Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}
void change(int n,float s) const {num=n;score=s;}
void display() const {cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;}
private:
mutable int num;
mutable float score;
};

int main()
{const Student stud(101,78.5);
stud.display();
stud.change(101,80.5);
stud.display();
return 0;
}

解法三：
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Student
{public:
Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}
void change(int n,float s) {num=n;score=s;}
void display() {cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;}
private:
int num;
float score;
};

int main()
{Student stud(101,78.5);
Student *p=&stud;
p->display();
p->change(101,80.5);
p->display();
return 0;
}

8：
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Student
{public:
Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}
void change(int n,float s) {num=n;score=s;}
void display() {cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;}
private:
int num;
float score;
};

int main()
{Student stud(101,78.5);
void fun(Student&);
fun(stud);
return 0;
}

void fun(Student &stu)
{stu.display();
stu.change(101,80.5);
stu.display();
}

9：
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Product
{public:
Product(int n,int q,float p):num(n),quantity(q),price(p){};
void total();
static float average();
static void display();

private:
int num;
int quantity;
float price;
static float discount;
static float sum;
static int n;
};

void Product::total()
{float rate=1.0;
if(quantity>10) rate=0.98*rate;
sum=sum+quantity*price*rate*(1-discount);
n=n+quantity;
}

void Product::display()
{cout<<sum<<endl;
cout<<average()<<endl;
}

float Product::average()
{return(sum/n);}

float Product::discount=0.05;
float Product::sum=0;
int Product::n=0;

int main()
{
Product Prod[3]={
Product(101,5,23.5),Product(102,12,24.56),Product(103,100,21.5)
};
for(int i=0;i<3;i++)
Prod[i].total();
Product::display();
return 0;
}

10：
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Date;
class Time
{public:
Time(int,int,int);
friend void display(const Date &,const Time &);
private:
int hour;
int minute;
int sec;
};

Time::Time(int h,int m,int s)
{hour=h;
minute=m;
sec=s;
}

class Date
{public:
Date(int,int,int);
friend void display(const Date &,const Time &);
private:
int month;
int day;
int year;
};

Date::Date(int m,int d,int y)
{month=m;
day=d;
year=y;
}

void display(const Date &d,const Time &t)
{
cout<<d.month<<"/"<<d.day<<"/"<<d.year<<endl;
cout<<t.hour<<":"<<t.minute<<":"<<t.sec<<endl;
}

int main()
{
Time t1(10,13,56);
Date d1(12,25,2004);
display(d1,t1);
return 0;
}

11：
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Time;
class Date
{public:
Date(int,int,int);
friend Time;
private:
int month;
int day;
int year;
};

Date::Date(i