一般过去时与一般将来时详解.doc

一般过去时
一般过去时的用法
1表示过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。
标志词：yesterday(昨天), last (上一个)(week ,year), ，(five ,one year; one day, an hour ) ago (以前),
in 2002(在2002年), just now 等

例如：Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了？
After a few years,she started to play the piano. 几年后，她开始弹钢琴。
动词过去式的规则变化
构成规则
动词原形
动词过去式
一般在动词原形末尾加-ed，在清辅音后读∕t∕；在浊辅音和元音后读∕d∕；在∕t∕,∕d∕后读/id∕。

look
play
work

looked
played
worked
结尾是e的动词在末尾加-d
like
live
hope
liked
lived
hoped
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed
plan
stop
drop
planned
stopped
dropped
结尾是“辅音字母＋y”的动词，先变“y”为“i”再加-ed
study
worry
cry
studies
worries
cries

巧记一般过去时：
动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事；be用was或用were, have, has变had；
谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。
否定句很简单，主语之后didn’t添； 不含be动词时
疑问句也不难，did放在主语前； 如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原；
例题：把下列句子变一般疑问句 并作肯定回答和否定回答和否定句。
1、 Jim went home yesterday.(变一般疑问句）

2 、I drank a glass of water yesterday morning.(变一般疑问句）

3、 I cleaned my room last Sunday.

4. She watered the flowers last week.

5\ I helped my mother do housework last Sunday.

例题：对划线部分提问。When where what who how
1、 Jim went home yesterday

I helped my mother do housework last Sunday.

2 、I drank a glass of water yesterday morning.

I cleaned my room last Sunday.

3、She watered the flowers last week.

I cleaned my room last Sunday

5\ I helped my mother do housework last Sunday.

My mother went home by bus one hour age.

6\ My mother went home by bus one hour age.

M y sister went to school by metro last week.

动词若是was, were, 否定就把not添。 含be动词时
疑问句也不难，要把was，were放在主语前。
be的一般过去时：学习动词be的一般过去时，下面有一口诀，它可以帮你们更好地掌
握动词be的一般过去时。 be的过去时有四巧：
一是时间状语巧，表示过去的短语要记牢；
二是形式巧，单数was，复数were；
三巧是否定句结构，not紧跟was／were；
四是疑问句式巧，was／were向前跑(提前)。
变一般疑问句和肯定否定回答
There were many fruit trees on the farm last year.

I was in the classroom yesterday morning．

He was at school last Tuesday．

They were over there a moment ago．
对划线部分提问
1、There were many fruit trees on the farm last year.

There were some apples and a pear on the desk yesterday.

There was a pear and some apples on the desk yesterday.

2、There was a pear and some apples on the desk yesterday.

I was in the classroom yesterday morning．

3、He was at school last Tuesday．

I was in the classroom yesterday morning．

4、 I was in the classroom yesterday morning．

They were over there a moment ago．

例题2、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Tom and Mary_______(come)to China last month.
2.Mary ___________(read)English yesterday morning.
3.Tom____________(begin)to learn Chinese last year.
4.My mother______________(not do)housework yesterday
【一巧】时间状语（即标志词）巧。一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，恰巧
与表示过去的一些时间状语连用。
【二巧】形式巧。它与一般现在时一样，形式多样：当主语是第一人称单数或第三人称单数时，谓语动词用was；主语是第二人称或其他人称复数时，谓语动词用were。
例如： I was in the classroom yesterday morning． 昨天早上我在教室里。
He was at school last Tuesday． 上周二他在学校。
They were over there a moment ago． 刚才他们在那边。
【三巧】否定句结构巧。与动词be的一般现在时一样，它在动词后面加not即可变成否定句，并且was, were与not可以缩写成wasn't, weren't。即：
主语 ＋ wasn't／ weren't ＋ 表语 ＋ 其他。例如：
I was not (＝wasn't) here yesterday． 昨天我不在这儿。
My parents were not (＝weren't) at home last Sunday． 上周日我父母不在家。
【四巧】 疑问句式巧。把was, were提到句首，句末用问号即可变为一般疑问句。即：
Was(Were) ＋ 主语 ＋表语 ＋ 其他？这恰巧与动词be的一般现在时的疑问句式相似。
例如：Were you at home the day before yesterday﹖ 前天你在家吗？
Was she late this morning﹖ 今天早上她迟到了吗？
更巧的是疑问句的答语也相似，肯定回答用“Yes, 主语＋was／were．”；
否定回答用“No,主语＋wasn't／weren't．”。
例如：—Were Wei Hua and Han Mei here just now﹖ 刚才魏华和韩梅在这儿吗？
—Yes, they were． (No, they weren't．) 是的，她们在。（不，她们不在。）
一、句型转换
1.The children had a good time in the park
否定句：___________________________________
一般疑问句：______________________________________________
对划线部分提问：___________________________________
2.There were nine hundred people at the concert.
否定句：___________________________________
一般疑问句：______________________________________________
对划线部分提问：___________________________________
3.Ann did her homework yesterday evening.
否定句：___________________________________
一般疑问句：______________________________________________
对划线部分提问：___________________________________
4.Last week I read an English book.
否定句：___________________________________
一般疑问句：______________________________________________
对划线部分提问：___________________________________
5.My brother was in the park just now.
否定句：___________________________________
一般疑问句：______________________________________________
对划线部分提问：___________________________________
随堂练习
单项选择： 从下列各题后所给的四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。(10)
( )1．My father ill yesterday．
A． isn't B． aren't C． wasn't D． weren't
( )2． your parents at home last week﹖
A． Is B． Was C． Are D． Were
( )3．－The twins in Dalian last year．
－They here now．
A．are; were B．were; are C．was; are D．were; was
( )4． your father at work the day yesterday(前天）﹖
A．Was; before B．Is; before C．Was; after D．Is; after
( )5．—Who was on duty last Friday﹖
— ．
A．I am B．I was C．Yes, I was D．No, I wasn't
( )6. I cleaned my classroom ___________.
A.with three hours B.three hours ago
C.in three hours D.three hours before
( ) 7. I came _______ my house two days ago .
A.back on B.back to C.to back D.back
( ) 8. －___________?
－He did some reading at home.
A.What does your father do yesterday evening
B.What does your brother do in the school
C.What did your brother do over the weekend
D.Where did your brother go last Sunday
( ) 9.－ What did you do ________ ?
－I went to the movies.
A.next morning B.over the weekend C.in the weekend D.next Monday
( ) 10.The koala sleeps _______，but gets up _________.
A.during the day; at the evening B.at day ;during night
C.in the day ;during the evening D.during the day ; at night
一般将来时
am
基本结构：主语 ＋ be is ＋ going to ＋ 动原
are
主语 + will + 动原
肯定形式：主语＋am/is/are going to ＋ 动原；
主语 + will + 动原
否定形式：主语＋am/is/are＋not going to ＋ 动原；
主语 + will not + 动原
疑问形式：is/are＋主语＋going to ＋ 动原
Will + 主语 + 动原
一、一般将来时的用法
1.表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与tomorrow, next year等连用。
例如：I am going to meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning.
2.表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。
例如: I am going to come and see you every Saturday next year. 明年我将每个星期六来看你。
3.表示主语进行某一行动的打算意图。这种打算常经过预先考虑并含有自己做好某些准备的意思。即计划，安排要发生的事。
例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？
The play is going to be produced next month. 这出戏下月开播。
4.表示说话人确信如此或有某种迹象表明某事即将发生。
例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。
二、巩固练习：
1. Mrs. Brown is going to buy a digital camera. （对划线部分提问）

2.My boss is going to fly to London on business the day after tomorrow. （用often改写）

3.Sam is going to visit Landon next week. （变成一般疑问句并否定回答）

4.他们今晚要去看足球赛。 （翻译句子）

5.他们一家什么时候去长城啊？

随堂练习
一、用所给动词的一般将来时填空
1. I （leave）in a minute. I （finish）all my work before I （leave）.
2. —How long you （study）in our country?
—I （plan）to be here for about one more year.
—I （hope）to visit the other parts of your country.
—What ______ you （do）after you （leave）here?
—I （return）home and （get）a job.
3. I ______（be）tired. I （go）to bed early tonight.
4. Mary’s birthday is next Monday, her mother （give）her a present.
5. It is very cold these days. It （snow）soon.
6. — you （be）here this Saturday?
—No. I （visit）my teacher.
7. —______ I （get）you a copy of today’s newspaper?
—Thank you.
8. I am afraid there （be）a meeting this afternoon. I can’t join you.
9. Mike （believe, not）this until he （see）it with his own eyes.
10. Most of us don’t think their team （win）.
时态的基本判定方式：
一、时间状语同时态的关系：一般情况下，简单句可根据句中的时间状语确定谓语动词的时态。其判定方式如下：
1.句中含有yesterday；last year（last＋具体时间）； two days ago（一段时间＋ago）；just now；this morning；in 2008（in ＋过去的年代）；the other day；over the weekend等时间状语时，谓语动词用一般过去时；
2.句中含有tomorrow；next week（next ＋具体时间）；in two hours（in ＋一段时间）；(how) soon; from now on；10 years from now（一段时间＋from now）；in the future；in 2012（in ＋将来的年代）；by（the end of) next month（by＋将来时间）；for the weekend；this afternoon；this evening；this weekend等时间状语时，谓语动词用一般将来时；
练习；请选择正确的词，把下列句子补充完整。
1. I （ask / asked / is asking） him a question yesterday. 
3. Did you （water / watered / waters） flowers last week?
6. Judy didn’t ____________ （went / go / going） to school yesterday.
8. There ____________ （were / are / was） some trees near houses two years ago.
10. Mr. White _____________ （came / comes / is coming） China last year.
11. She is going to ___________ （have / had / has） a big party this Sunday
12. Where did you ____________ （meet / met / meeting） Miss White.
13. They wanted to ___________ （go / went / going） to Beijing last week.
14. Look, Tom ____________ （watches / watched / is watching） TV in the living-room。
16. It ____________ （will be / was / is） rainy tomorrow.
17. Sally usually ______________ （is going / goes / went） to school on foot. 
18. ___________ （Are / Do / Did） you often fly a kite?
20. I’m ___________ （do / did / doing） some reading in the classroom.
21. Is Yongxian ____________ （cleans / cleaned / cleaning） the house?
22. That girl can __________ （sing / sings / sang） English songs.
23. They will __________ （climb / climbed / climbing） Baiyun Mountain this weekend.
24. My sister likes ___________ （swims / swam / swimming） very much.
25. Did you _____________ （play / playing / played） TV games last night?
26. My uncle ____________ （lived / lives / is living） on the third floor.
27. Ben will ___________ （is / was / be） all right tomorrow. 
28. Where __________ （is / was / are） she after school yesterday?
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