语法专题三：状语从句.doc

省镇中高三英语二轮复习语法专题
语法专题三：状语从句
1. 状语从句的类型
1) 时间状语从句：常见引导词有：
when：表示主句和从句的动作同时或先后发生，强调点，表“就在那时；突然”。
while：常表示延续性动词或状态；while也可表示对比的转折。
as soon as： 表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。
hardly / scarcely … when；no sooner … than：表示“还没来得及……就；刚……就”。
directly, immediately, instantly：副词当连词用，表示“一……就”。
the moment, the minute, the second：充当连词，等于when / as soon as。
each time, every time, next time, by the time等：也可以引导时间状语从句。
since：引导的时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。常用句型：It is + 段时间 + since从句，“自从……有多长时间了”。
until：常与not连用，表示“直到……才……”；Not until置于句首时，主句要部分倒装；在It is / was…that / who…强调结构中，须连在一起。
2) 让步状语从句：常见引导词有：although, though, even if, even though, as等。
3) 原因状语从句：常见引导词有：
because：常用于回答why, 语气最强；强调原因，常与just, only等起强调作用的副词连用；可引导表语从句。
for：是个并列连词，一般不放在句首，常表示一种推测或解释，或用作附加说明，语气弱。
as, since：常译为“既然、由于”，表示十分明显的原因，语气较弱。
now that：表示“既然”的意思。
4) 地点状语从句：常见引导词有：where, wherever等。
5) 目的状语从句：常见引导词有：that, so that, in order that等。目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词连用，否则可能是结果状语从句。不可置于句首。目的状语从句还可以用动词不定式来替换。
6) 结果状语从句：常见引导词有：that, so that, so … that, such … that …等。
7) 方式状语从句：由as, as if(though)等引导。
8) 比较状语从句：由than, as等引导。
9) 条件状语从句：由if, unless, so (as) long as, in case, once, a far as, on condition that等引导。
2. 注意：
1) 主将从现规则：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句中，若主句用一般将来时，或是祈使句，或是含有情态动词的谓语形式，从句则用一般现在时表示将来时，如：You can join our club when you get a bit older.
2) 疑问词 + ever和no matter + 疑问词的区别：疑问词 + ever可引导名词性从句和让步状语从句；no matter + 疑问词，只能引导让步状语从句。
巩固练习：
1.______ you’ve tried it, you can’t imagine how pleasant it is.
A. Unless         B. Because            C. Although           D. When
2. He left in ______ a hurry ______ he forgot his key.
A. such, that B. so, that C. the same, as D. such, as
3. He has loved me ______ I were his son.
A. because B. as C. if D. as though
4. I don’t think I’ll need any money but I’ll bring some ______.
A. as last        B. in case         C. once again        D. in time
5. Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up ______ I could answer.
A. as           B. since         C. before        D. until
6. We must do it well, ______there are a lot of difficulties.
A. as if    B. as though    C. even though    D. even as
7. ______ has taken part in the Athens Olympic Games is worth praising no matter ______ he has won medals or not.
A. Who; if    B. Anyone; whether    C. Whoever; whether      D. Whoever; how
8. ---It’s a long time ______ I saw you last.
---Yes, and what a pity it is now that it will be a long time ______ we see each other again.
A. before; since     B. since; when    C. since; before     D. when; before
9. The head of the company promised to deal with matters of this sort______ he returned to his office.
A. until    B. while  C. by the time   D. the moment
10. He had already walked three or four miles______ he saw a cart by the side of the road.
A. while        B. when                 C. the moment           D. unless
11. Much ______ the young couple needed money to make the down payment for the apartment, they wouldn’t ask their parents for help.
A. although　 　 B. as　 　　 C. even if　 　 D. while
12. I have kept the photo ______ I can always see it, as it reminds me of the days when I studied in Britain.
A. at which    B. when              C. where      D. at the place
13. I would appreciate it ______ you can help me with my English this afternoon.
A. because        B. until              C. when                 D. if
14. ______ you may be right, I can’t altogether agree.
A. As           B. While               C. If               D. Since
15.______ was 1998 ______ I graduated from the university.
A. It; when         B. It; that             C. That; when      D. That; that
16. The famous scientist grew up ______ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.
A. when    B. whenever             C. where             D. wherever
17. “It gives me great joy and I feel more pressure than I did ______ I won in China,” Ding Junhui said.
A. that   B. when             C. which                D. how
18. Parents should take seriously their children’s requests for sunglasses ______ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather.
A. because B. through C. unless D. if
19. John shut everyone out of the kitchen _____ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.
A. which B. when C. so that D. as if
20. ______ everybody knows about it, I don’t want to talk any more.
A. For B. Even C. Since D. However

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