被动语态文档.doc
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1楼 英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。初中阶段的被动语态有五种时态,我们可以从以下方面进行小结: 一、被动语态的时态及结构(以动词do为例) 结构:主语 + be + 过去分词 时态:1. 一般现在时: am (is, are) done. 2.带情态动词的被动语态:must (can, may, should, need, would) be done 3. 一般过去时: was (were) done * 4. 一般将来时: will (shall) be done * 5. 现在进行时: am (is, are) being done 6. 现在完成时: have (has) been done 二、从初中阶段所学五种基本句型谈变被动语态时应注意的问题。 1.主语 + 连系动词 + 表语 (S+V+P) 此结构不可用被动语态。 (正) The flowers smell sweet. (误) The flowers are smelt sweet. 2.主语 + 不及物动词 (S+V) 此结构不可变被动语态。 (正) An accident happened last night. (误) An accident was happened last night. 3.主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 (S + V+ O) (1)将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语 Children often sing this song This song is often sung by children. (2)将含有介词或副词的动词短语变为被动结构时,不可将介词或副词去掉。 We should listen to the teachers carefully. The teachers should be listened to carefully. 4.主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 (S + V+ IO+ DO) (1).将表人的间接宾语变为主语,直接宾语不变。 He showed us a picture . We were shown a picture. (2).将指物的直接宾语变为主语,要在间接宾语前加介词to或for. 常用加to的动词give, show, pass, read等 常用加for的动词 buy, get, make, sing, draw 等 A picture was shown to us. A dictionary was bought for me by my parents. 5. 主语+及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 (S+ V+ O + C) 如动词为 make, see, hear, watch 等,后接宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时,变被动语态时要加上“to” 。 I saw him fall off the tree. He was seen to fall off the tree. 6. "be + 过去分词" 并非都是被动语态,系动词 be, feel, seem,look,等词后面的过去分词已转化为形容词,作表语用,表示某种状态。 I'm interested in mathematics. 我对数学感兴趣。 *7. 某些动词用主动语态来表示被动含义。The woman's clothes sell well. 女装卖的快。This book sells best.这本书很畅销. 3楼 二、把下列句子改写成被动语态 1.They make machines in that factory. __________________________________ 2.Every body likes this song. __________________________________ 3.He doesn't show the stamps to me. __________________________________ 4.People don't grow rice in the west of Japan._____________________________ 5.He often helps Tom when Tom is in trouble._______________________________ 6.Do the workers build many buildings? __________________________________ 7.Does Kate sometimes break glasses? __________________________________ 8.Do you always send a letter to Mr Hu? __________________________________ 9.What does the teacher often tell the boys to do?_________________________ 10.How many desks do they buy every term?__________________________________ 11.They sold that kind of shoes in this shop last week.____________________ 12.Granny told us a story last night. __________________________________ 13.He didn't give the dictionary to me yesterday.__________________________ 14.He didn't buy anything there before he left.____________________________ 15.Did he clean the blackboard just now?__________________________________ 16.When did she cook supper yesterday? __________________________________ 17.Where did she make them? __________________________________ 18.Whose ruler did you borrow? __________________________________ 19.We must tie the young tree to the stick.________________________________ 20.They can't mend the bike in that shop.__________________________________ 21.You should take good care of her baby.__________________________________ 22.You may take it back home. __________________________________ 23.May I look after the baby at home? __________________________________ 24.Must we hand in our exercise-books now?_________________________________ 25.Can you mend this radio here? __________________________________ 被 动 语 态 练 习 2 一、 将下列句子变为被动语态,每空一词。 1. We can finish the work in two days. The work _____ _____ _____ in two days. 2. They produce silk in Suzhou. Silk ____ ______ in Suzhou. 3. The children will sing an English song. An English song ____ ____ ___ by the children. 4. You needn't do it now. It ____ _____ _____ by you now. 5. Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week. A New Year Card ____ ____ ____ her by me last week. 6. Peole use metal for making machines. Metal ____ ____ for making machines. 7. He made me do that for him. I ____ ____ ____ that for him. 8.I have given this book to the library. This book ___ ____ ____ to the library. 9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago? ____ a bridge ____ here by them a year ago? 10.We'll put on an English play in our school.An English play ____ ____ _____ on in our school. 11.More and more farmers buy colour TV sets. Colour TV sets ___ ___ ___ more and more farmers. 12.My brother often mends his watch. His watch ____ ____ ____ by my brother. 13.We must water the flowers every day. The flowers must ___ ___ (by us) every day. 14.They use knives for cutting things. Knives ___ ___ for cutting things. 15.He made the farmers work for a long time. The farmers ____ ____ ____ ____ for a long time. 16.Did he break the window yesterday? ____ the window ___ ____ ___ yesterday? 17.They have sold out the light green dresses. The light green dresses ____ _____ ____ out. 18.We clean the classroom every day. The classroom ____ ____ every day. 19. You must not plant trees in very dry earth. Trees ___ ____ _____ _____ in very dry earth. 20.You can dig a hole in the earth. A Hole ____ ____ _____ in the earth. 4楼 二、 用动词的正确语态填空。 1. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. 2. That play ________(put) on again sometime next month. 3. The old man is ill. He ______ (must send) to the hospital. 4. Vegetables,eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop. 5. What _______ a knife ______ (make) of? It _______________(make) of metal and wood. 6. A Piano concert _____________(give) here last Friday. 7. ______ the magazine ____(can take) out of the library? 8. The room _____________ (clean) by me every day. 9. The stars _____________ (can see) in the daytime. 10. Some flowers __________(water) by Li Ming already. 11. These kinds of machines __________(make) in Japan. 12. Apples _________ ________(grow) in this farm. 13. Russian _______ ______ (learn)as the second language by some students in China. 14. Planes,cars and trains _____ _____ (use) by business people for travelling. 15. The cinema ______ _____ (bulid) in 1985. 16. The bike ___ ____ ____ ___ (must not put) here. 17. A beautiful horse ____ ____ ___ (draw) by John next day. 18. This kind of machine ______ _____(can made) by uncle Wang. 19. Mr. Green ___ ___ (open) two new school. 20. The PLA ______ ______ (found) on August 1st,1927. 21. By the time he was ten, the boy ________(learn)English and French. 22. How long _____ your uncle ____(be) in the city? 23. ______ you ____(see) the film yet? Yes, I _______(see) it last week. 24. Uncle Wang ____________(live) here since 1980 25. Listen! Someone _________(sing). 26. Tom ________(not have) breakfast yesterday morning.A- 配套讲稿:
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