成人高等教育学士学位英语考试复习资料.docx

成人高等教育学士学位英语
考试复习资料
一、考试题型
本考试包括5个部分：阅读理解、词汇和语法、完形填空、英译汉和写作。客观题目全部按顺序统一编号。考试时间为120分钟。
第一部分 阅读理解(ReadingComprehension)，共4篇短文，共20题，占总分的40%。
第二部分 词汇和语法(Vocabulary and Structure)，共40题，占总分的20%。
第三部分 完形填空(Cloze)，共20题，占总分的10%。
第四部分 英译汉(Translation from English into Chinese)，1一2个段落，占总分的15%。
第五部分 写作(Writing)，占总分的15%。

阅读理解专项练习

Passage 1
The secret of being born lucky is a summer birthday, with May babies most likely to enjoy a lifetime’s good fortune, according to a study of more than 40,000 people. The time of year at which you are born has an enduring influence on levels of optimism and self-reported luck, according to a research by British and Swedish scientists. May was the luckiest month in which to be born, with 50 percent of those born then considering themselves lucky, while October was the least lucky month, with just 43 percent claiming good fortune.
The findings add to growing evidence that the phenomenon of luck is not all down to chance, but is affected by a person’s general disposition. Other research has shown that whether people think themselves fortunate depends less on objective success than on having a “glass half-full” or “half-empty” approach to life. “What we are seeing suggests that something is influencing how people perceive their luckiness. My hypothesis is that people create their own luck by traits such as optimism, that luck is a psychological phenomenon rather than a matter of blind chance,” said Professor Richard Wiseman, who led the research.
The pattern of the result, with those born in spring and in summer reporting themselves luckier than those born in autumn or winter, could have two potential explanations, Professor Wiseman said.
1. According to the passage, whether people think themselves lucky or not depends on the following factors EXCEPT _______.
A. one’s objective success
B. one’s general disposition
C. one’s attitude to life
D. one’s place of birth
2. According to the passage, those who were born in ________ regard themselves as the most fortunate.
A. March B. April C. May D. October
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Optimistic people tend to be luckier.
B. Devoted people tend to be luckier.
C. Objective success is more important than one’s general disposition in feeling lucky.
D. People drinking more water tend to be luckier.
4. Which of the following words can be best replace the word “trait” (Line 7, Para. 2)?
A. Quality. B. Expectation. C. Belief. D. Idea
5. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Luck is Something Born
B. Luck is Not All Down to Chance
C. Luck is a Matter of Blind Chance
D. Luck and Age

Passage 2
Man has always wanted to fly. Some of the greatest men in history had thought about the problem. One of them, for example, was the great Italian artist, Leonardo Da Vinci. In the 16th century he made designs for machines that would fly, but they were never built.
Throughout history, other less famous men had wanted to fly. An example was a man in England 800 years ago. He made a pair of wings from chicken feathers. Then he fixed them to his body and jumped into air from a tall building. He did not fly very far. Instead, he fell to the ground and broke every bone of his body and rested in peace.
The first real step took place in France, in 1783. Two brothers, the Montgolfiers, made a very large “hot air balloon”. They knew that hot air rises. Why not fill a balloon with it? The balloon was made of cloth and paper. In September of that year, the King and Queen of France came to see the balloon. They watched it carry the very first air passengers into the sky. The passengers were a sheep and a chicken. We do not know how they felt about the trip. But we do know that the trip lasted eight minutes and that the animals landed safely. Two months later, two men did the same thing. They rose above Paris in a balloon of the same kind. Their trip lasted twenty-five minutes and they traveled about.
1. Leonardo Da Vinci _______.
A. said that man would fly in the sky one day
B. built a kind of machine which never flew
C. made designs for flying machines
D. drew many beautiful pictures of birds
2. Eight hundred years ago an Englishman _______.
A. made a kind of flying machine
B. tried to fly with wings made of chicken feathers
C. wanted to build a kind of balloon
D. tried to fly on a large bird
3. In fact, the Englishman who tried to fly _______.
A. got badly wounded B. succeeded in flying
C. lost his life D. flew only 8 minutes
4. The very first air passengers in the balloon were _______.
A. two animals B. the Montgolfiers
C. two Frenchmen D. the King and Queen
5. When did two Frenchmen rise above Paris?
A. In December 1783. B. In September 1783.
C. In the 17th century. D. In November 1783.

Passage 3
Dieting to lose weight has become very popular in recent years. People have become more health conscious and try to take better care of their bodies by eating more nutritiously（有营养的） and exercising more regularly to lose any unnecessary fat that they may have.
Not only are people being more careful about what they eat, they are also concerned with how they eat and how their meals are prepared. People are taking more time for each meal. Many avoid the so called “plastic” fast-food hamburgers and choose to eat a salad or a sandwich of more healthful ingredients(成分) in a quiet restaurant with a more leisurely atmosphere. At home, they also try to take enough time to eat a relaxing dinner without phone or TV interruptions.
While dieting may be viewed as beneficial, it has also become a serious problem for Americans, particularly for young women. Dieting for them has actually become a psychological addiction(依赖). They eat so little that they can lose as much as fifty percent of their total body weight, and although they look like skeletons, they still insist that they are fat.
The current waves of exercising, dieting and the problems produced have caused many organizations to begin educating the public. Many schools, hospitals, health organizations, newspapers and magazines, for example, are offering classes, printing booklet articles, etc. to inform the public of the way to exercise and diet, of the dangers of dieting too rapidly, and of the places people can go for medical help if they find themselves on the road to “diet addiction”.
1. These days people are dieting more because _______.
A. they have become fatter and fatter
B. they have realized the danger of eating
C. they have become more health conscious
D. they have taken better care of themselves
2. What changes have people made in the atmosphere of mealtime?
A. They are taking more time for each meal.
B. They are eating in quiet restaurants with more leisurely atmosphere.
C. At home they are eating without phone or TV interruptions.
D. All of the above.
3. “They look like skeletons” in the third paragraph most probably means ________.
A. they are very pretty
B. they are very ugly
C. they are too thin
D. they are starving
4. The main idea of the last paragraph is about ________.
A. how the organizations try to help people with dieting addiction
B. what kind of media can be used to educate the public
C. where people with dieting addiction can go to ask for help
D. what causes the organizations to begin educating the public
5. According to the passage, we can infer that the atmosphere of eating has something to do with ________.
A. dieting B. manners C. health D. exercising

Passage 4
Do you know who Benjamin Banneker was and what he did? Benjamin Banneker was a self-educated scientist at a time when most African Americans were slaves. Born a free black man in the British Colony of Maryland in 1731, he received some formal education, but he mostly borrowed books and taught himself science and mathematics. At 22, he borrowed a pocket watch, and without any training, figured out how to carve a working wooden clock that chimed each hour. Because of this clock, he became well known and people would visit him just to see his creation.
Banneker ran his family farm from many years, but when he was in his late 50s, a neighbor’s son lent him a telescope. He became interested in astronomy, the study of the planets and stars, and again taught himself a new science. He made calculations of tides, sunrises and sunsets, and even predicted an eclipse. For several years he published an almanac of these calculations. Today, he is best known for publishing six almanacs, called “Benjamin Banneker’s Almanac” between 1792 and 1797.
In the 1790s, Banneker also helped survey and lay out the land for Washington, D. C., which became the nation’s capital. For a look at Banneker’s amazing life, visit the Benjamin Banneker Historical Park & Museum in Ellicott City, Maryland.
1. What was the status of most African-Americans at Banneker’s time?
A. Most African-Americans could have formal education.
B. Most African-Americans could be self-educated.
C. Most African-Americans had freedom.
D. Most African-Americans were slaves.
2. What subjects did Benjamin teach himself?
A. Science and mathematics.
B. Science, mathematics and astronomy.
C. Astronomy only.
D. Six Almanac.
3. He became famous at the age of 22 because of ______.
A. a watch B. a telescope C. a book D. a clock
4. The word “almanac” (Line 5, Para. 2) probably means ________.
A. a book B. an object C. a survey D. a diary
5. Which of Mr. Banneker’s works is best known?
A. Eclipse prediction.
B. Helping surveying the capital.
C. Benjamin Banneker’s Almanac.
D. A wooden clock.

Passage 5
The clock struck eleven at night. The whole house was quiet. Everyone was in bed except me. Under the strong light, I looked sadly before me at a huge pile of that troublesome stuff they call “books”.
I was going to have my examination the next day. “When can I go to bed?” I asked myself. I didn’t answer. In fact, I dare not.
The clock struck twelve. “Oh, dear!” I cried. “Ten more books to read before I can go to bed!” We pupils are the most wretched creatures in the world. Dad does not agree with me on this. He did not have to work so hard when he was a boy.
The clock stroke one. I was quite desperate now. I forgot all I had learned. I was too tired to go on. I did the only thing I could. I prayed, “Oh, God, please help me pass the exam tomorrow. I do promise to work hard afterwards, Amen.”
My eyes were so heavy that I could hardly open them. A few minutes later, with my head on the desk, I fell asleep.
1. When the author was going over his lessons, all the others in the house were _______.
A. quietly laughing at him B. outside
C. working in bed D. asleep
2. The underlined word “wretched” in Para. 3 probably means ______.
A. very happy B. very unhappy
C. disappointed D. hopeful.
3. Reviewing his lessons didn’t help him because _______.
A. he hadn’t studied hard before the examination
B. he was very tired
C. his eyes lid were so heavy that he couldn’t keep them open
D. it was too late at night
4. What do you suppose happed to the author?
A. He went to church to pray again.
B. He failed in the exam.
C. He passed the exam by sheer luck.
D. He was punished by his teacher.
5. The best title for the passage would be ______.
A. A Slow Student
B. Working Far into the Night
C. The Night before the Examination
D. Going over My Lessons

Passage 6
Today anyone will accept money in exchange for goods and services. People use money to buy food, furniture, books, bicycles and hundreds of others they need or want. When they work, they usually get paid in money.
Most of the money today is made of metal pr paper. But people used to use all kinds of things as money. One of the first kinds of money was shells. Shells were not the only things used as money. In China, cloth and knives were used. In the Philippine Islands, rice was used as money. In parts of Africa, cattle were one of the earliest money. Other animals were used as money too.
The first metal coins were made in China. They were round and had a square hole in the center. People strung them together and carried them from place to place. Different countries have used different metals and designs for their money. The first coins in England were made of tin. Sweden and Russia used copper to make their money. Later, other countries began to make coins of gold and silver.
But even gold and silver were inconvenient if you had to buy something expensive. Again the Chinese thought of a way to improve money. They began to use paper money. The first paper money looked more like a note from one person to another than paper money used today.
Money has had an interesting history from the days of shell money until today.
1. Which of the following can be cited as an example of the use of money in exchange for services?
A. To sell a bicycle for $20.
B. To get some money for old books at a garage sale.
C. To buy things you need or want.
D. To get paid for your work.
2. Where were shells used as money in history?
A. In the Philippines. B. In China.
C. In Africa. D. We don’t know.
3. Why did ancient Chinese coins have a square hole in the center?
A. Because it would be easier to put them together and carry them around.
B. Because it would be lighter for people to carry from place to place.
C. Because people wanted to make it look nicer.
D. Because people wanted to save the expensive metal they were made from.
4. Why does the author say that even gold and silver were inconvenient if you had to buy something expensive?
A. Because they are difficult for people to obtain.
B. Because they themselves are expensive, too.
C. Because they are not easy to carry around.
D. Because they are easy to steal.
5. Which do you choose as the best title for this passage?
A. Money and Its Use
B. Different Things Used as Money
C. Different Countries, Different Money
D. The History of Money

Passage 7
In Denmark, parents are allowed to set up a new school if they are dissatisfied with the school in the area where they are living. Although these schools have to follow the national course, they are allowed a lot of choices in deciding what to teach.
Some of these new schools are called “small schools” because usually the number of pupils in them is only sixty, but a school has to have at least twenty-seven pupils. Cooleenbridge School in Ireland, is a small school similar to the ones in Denmark, it was set up by parents who came from Holland, Germany, Czechoslovakia, England and other parts of Ireland. They came because they wanted to live in the countryside and to grow their own food. In June 198