英语句子成分分析分析解析.pptx

,#,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/3/8,句子的构成,基本句型,主语,+,系动词,+,表语（主系表）,主语,+,不及物动词,+,（其他成分）,主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语（主谓宾）,主语,+,及物动词,+,间接宾语,+,直接宾语,主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语,+,宾补,句子成分,主语,谓语,宾语,表语,宾补,定语,状语,同位语,I,told,my best,friend,Tom,to pick me up,at the airport,.,主语,谓,语,定语,宾,语,同位语,状,语,宾,语,补,足,语,句子成分,英文名,说明,常用词类,例句,主语,subject,句子所要说明的动作或状态的主体（人或事物）,名词、代词,动名词,不定式,从句等,I am a student.,谓语,predicate,表示主语的动作或状态,动词,You read the book.,表语,predicative,放在连系动词后表示主语的身份或特征。,名词、代词、形容词,动名词,分词,不定式,介词短语,从句等,She is a teacher.,宾语,object,表示及物动词动作的对象,名词、代词,动名词,不定式,从句等,Mike did the job.,定语,attribute,限定或修饰名词、代词等,形容词,动名词,分词不定式,介词短语,从句等,The black dog barks.,状语,adverbial,修饰动词形容词副词之用，表示时间地点状态程度等含义,副词,形容词,分词,不定式,介词短语,从句等,Run quickly.,句子成分,英文名,说明,常用词类,例句,宾语补足语,complement,对宾语进行补充说明，与宾语一起构成复合宾语。,名词、形容词,分词,不定式介词短语等,I find the book very boring.,同位语,appositive,对前面的名词或代词做进一步解释。,名词、数词、代词或从句,This is Mr.Li,our headmaster.,The news that he is ill worries us.,独立成分,Independent elements,与全句没有什么语法关系，有感叹词、肯定与否定的答语、插入语、呼语等,感叹词副词短语,Oh,hello,I think,to tell you the truth,Mr.Li,Your Majesty,Mum.Yes,no,主语,Jane,is good at playing the piano.,She,went out in a hurry.,Four,plus four is eight.,To see,is to believe.,Smoking,is bad for health.,The young,should respect the old.,What he has said,is true.,谓语,简单谓语,:,由动词或动词词组组成,I,saw,the flag on the top of the hill?,He,looked after,two orphans.,复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词,+,动词,;,He,can speak,English well,She,hasnt received,the e-mail yet.,表语,在系动词后的部分就是表语,常见的系动词有,:,be(am,is,are,were,was),appear,seem,feel,smell,taste,sound,look,get,grow,keep,turn,become,come,go,remain,，,etc.,The apple tastes,sweet,.,The war was,over.,They seem,to know the truth,.,Time is,precious,.,Im not,quite myself,today.,Who was,the first,?,He is,out of condition,.,The book is,what I need,.,宾语,宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语,.,直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人,.,He gave,me,some books,.,间接,宾语,直接,宾语,Please pass,me,the book.,He bought,me,some flowers,.,I like,my job,.,I love,you,.,He wanted,to leave here,.,They enjoyed,playing computer games,.,I didnt know,when to switch the machine off.,She wondered,why Jim was so angry with her.,宾语补足语,We must keep it,a secret,.,I found the book,interesting,.,Please keep the dog,out,.,Please make yourself,at home,.,She asked me,to lend her a hand,.,Do you smell something,burning,?,She had an arm,broken,in the accident.,He made himself,known to them,.,主动语态变成被动语态后,宾语补足语变成主补,.,I last saw him playing near the river.,He was seen,playing near the river,.,The teacher caught the student cheating,in the exam.,The student was caught,cheating in the exam.,We elected him monitor.,He was elected,monitor.,He pushed the door open.,The door was pushed,open,.,定语,He is a,clever,boy.,His father works in a,steel,work.,There are,54,students in our class.,Do you known,Bettys,sister?,He bought some,sleeping,pills.,There is a,sleeping,baby in bed.,His,spoken,language is good.,I met a friend on my way,home,.,(,形容词,),(,名词,),(,数词,),(,名词的所有格,),(,动名词,),(,现在分词,),(,过去分词,),(,副词,),The girl,in red,is his sister.,（介词短语）,We have a lot of work,to do,.,（不定式短语）,The girl,standing under the tree,is his sister.,（现在分词短语）,The bridge,built only one year ago,is broken.,Do you know the man,who spoke just now,?,(,从句,),状语,用于修饰形容词,副词,动词,介词短语或句子,.,可表示时间,地点,原因,结果,目的,方式,伴随,条件,程度,让步,频率等,.,I will be back,in a while,.,They are playing,on the playground,.,He was late,because he got up late,.,He got up so late,that I missed the train,.,I waited,to see you,.,He often went to school,by bus,.,His parents died,leaving him an orphan,.,Please call me,if it is necessary,.,This book is,very,interesting.,He went to school,in spite of his illness,.,He,always,comes late to school.,基本句型,主语,+,系动词,+,表语（主系表）,主语,+,不及物动词,+,其他成分,(,主谓,),主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语（主谓宾）,主语,+,及物动词,+,间接宾语,+,直接宾语（主谓双宾）,主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语,+,宾补,简单句的五种形式,S+P,I am astonished.,S+V,Albert Einsteins name never dies.The book sells well.,S+V+O,Raga likes sports,gardening and playing the drums.,S+V+o+O,Can you tell me the way to the station?,S+V+O+C,We call him a walking dictionary.,He went.,He went there.,He went there yesterday.,He went there to see his mother yesterday.,He went there to see his mother ill in hospital,by bike yesterday.,Exercises:,分析句子结构,You are a student.,He felt happy today.,What you said made me happy.,Could you give me some advice on how to learn English well?,After he finished his homework,he went away.,He likes pop music.,I stayed awake until 11:30 one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.,Anne named her diary kitty because she thought it was her best friend.,Time,flies,fast,.,There will be,a good meal,for us,at our aunts,.,The rive,rose,ten feet,in the night,.,I heard,him,shout.,He bought,some sweets,for his son,.,I prefer,my coffee,hot,.,Dont worry about me;just,take care of,yourself.,You can rely on him to do anything,that is necessary,.,A lot of,noise,is going on,outside,.,The little girl,can dress,herself,now.,It was a pity,that you,didnt watch,that wonderful match,.,I felt my heart,beat,rapidly.,Do you want,to come to the party,?,We should do something,to help the students,in difficulties,.,How long,have you worked in the hospital?,三、自我测试,1,、选择题。,1.She tried hard,but she still couldnt make us _ our mind.,A.to change,B.changed,C.change,D.changing,2.When the old lady is alone in the house,her dog makes her feel _ and relaxed.,A.healthy,B.lonely,C.safe,D.angry,3.As Edison grew _,he never lost his interest in science.,A.the elder,B.elder,C.the older,D.older,4.Its not polite to stand by and looked at the old man _.,A.is made fun of,B.being made fun of,C.is made fun,D.being made fun,5.The old movie reminded them _ the wonderful time they had spent together.,A.to B.for C.in D.of,6.Id like to _ your essay with you when you have time.,A.go over B.go by C.go for D.go after,7.The report showed us very clearly how the plane got _ and crashed in the end.,A.into control B.within control,C.out of control D.under control,8.Most of the machines in the workshop,_,next month.,A.are repaired B.have been repaired,C.were repaired D.will be repaired,9.When applying for a job,you have to _ a resume.,A.get off B.hand in,C.put out D.take away,10.The wine _ a little bitter this time.,A.tastes B.sounds C.looks,D.feels,11.The boss told his secretary to,_,the documents for later use.,A.put away B.turn on C.make up D.break out,12.We should _ this in mind:Dont judge a person by his appearance.,A.bear B.put C.place D.print,13.If I work in a small factory;it is not,_,for me to gain much experience.,A.weekly B.friendly C.likely D.lively,14.The villagers have offered much help to us and we think we should do something for them,_,.,A.in return B.in place C.in fashion D.in danger,15.According to the time table,，,the train for Beijing _at 9:10 p.m.from Monday to Friday.,A.was leaving B.is leaving C.leaves D.has left,16.,_,is quite difficult for Mary to pass the interview.,A.What B.This C.That D.It,17.Mr.Black is looking forward to,_,his Chinese partner soon.,A.seeing B.see C.be seeing D.have seen,18.I tried hard,but I couldnt find the _ to the problem.,A.solution B.help C.reply D.demand,19.,English,they have to study a second foreign language.,A.Except B.Except for C.Beside D.Besides,20.She gave up her _ as a reporter at the age of 25.,A.career B.interest C.life D.habit,21.This morning when I was walking to my office,I,_,to see an old friend of mine near the office building.,A.occurred B.happened C.managed D.settled,22._ writing a letter to the manager,he decided to talk to him in person.,A.Due to B.Because of C.As for D.Instead of,23.It will only take me a minute to get your watch fixed;it will be ready _.,A.by the way B.right away,C.at last D.in that case,24.As far as Im concerned,I dont like _ in that way.,A.to be treated B.to treat,C.treated D.treating,25.Some people who are very intelligent and successful in their fields find _difficult to succeed in language learning.,A.them B.themselves C.it D.itself,26.Only when we hurried to the airport _the flight was cancelled.,A.we found B.did we find,C.have we found D.we have found,27.This novel is worth reading,because it gives a detailed description of the historical _ in 1949.,A.accidents B.cases C.events D.things,28._,a friend of Mrs.Black found the watch she had lost two days before.,A.Especially B.Usually,C.Generally D.Fortunately,29.The newspaper _ two people were killed in the accident.,A.says B.talks C.calls D.asks,30.He said,“I _ a lot of new words by the end of last year.”,A.had already learnt B.would have already learnt,C.have already learnt D.already learnt,31.She told us briefly about how they succeeded in _ the new product.,A.develop B.to develop,C.developed D.developing,32.The father was delighted to hear the child,_,that.,A.to say B.to have said C.say D.said,33.Its reported that the police are _ the area for the criminal.,A.processing B.searching C.operating D.handling,34.The general manager sat there,_,to the report from each department.,A.to listen B.listen,C.being listened D.listening,35.The manager showed the new employee _ to find the supplies.,A.what B.where,C.that D.which,36.No one has been able to prove that fish is,better for the brain than many other kinds of food.,A.some B.so C.as D.any,37.Mary found _ extremely difficult to pass the examination.,A.it B.this C.that D.What,38.More and more Chinese people are _ wildlife conservation and environmental protection.,A.certain of B.concerned about C.capable of D.crazy about,39.We now know that about _ all the kinds of seaweed are animals.,A.one fourth B.one fourth of C.one four of D.the one fourth,40.Scientists could see many things that most people would _ to see.,A.feel B.fail C.fall D.fill,41.The nurse took _ of my blood to test.,A.an example B.an instance C.a case D.a sample,42.Large and powerful,the atmosphere consists of an ocean of gases hundreds of miles,.,A.high B.higher C.highlyD.height,43.The sales department was required to _ a plan in three weeks.,A.turn up B.get up C.come up with D.put up with,2.,用所给动词的正确形式填空：,I wondered why the boy often avoided(talk)_ with his classmates.,Although John was not experienced in business,he did it with(confident)_.,There was a stranger(stand)_ at the door.,The main benefit of(work)_ with the company is the opportunity to travel abroad.,It is well-known that sports will(strength)_ the friendship between nations.,It was(luck)_indeed for Mr.Fox to have changed his flight and arrived(safe)_,_.,Mark was a little upset,for the manager didnt allow him(take)_,_ his holiday the following week.,.,talking,confidence,standing,working,strengthen,lucky,safely,to take,2.,用所给动词的正确形式填空：,I dont mind(have)_ a dog in the house so long as its clean and it doesnt smell.,He wanted the letter(mail)_at once.,It is difficult for a(foreign)_ to learn Chinese.,On hearing the good news that our new products sold well in the market,we all got _.,It will be very(help)_ if each member presents his or her own opinion at the meeting.,Johns performance in this exam made us feel rather(disappoint)_.,If your credit is good,you will be allowed(use)_ the credit card.,Give the application to the man(sit)_at the desk,please.,having,to be mailed,foreigner,excited,helpful,disappointed,to use,sitting,John went to town yesterday and had his computer(repair)_ there.,In 1964,the Olympic Games in Tokyo became the first program _(transmit)_ via satellite.,Your hair needs _(cut).It is too long.,I have no choice but _(wait).,Did you have any difficulty(get)_ a visa to Britain?,I asked him not(say)_ anything about our contract until the end of the month.,That new film is worth(see)_ for the second time.,She is well-known for her excellent(achieve)_ in her career.,repaired,transmitted,cutting/to be cut,to wait,(,in)getting,to say,seeing,achievements,Some people do believe that smoking will(certain)_ cause lung cancer.,It is never too late for anyone(learn)_.,As far as I know,Lily can speak English _,(fluently)than any other student in her class.,His wife was sure he would arrive on time.This(certain)_ made her rush to prepare the dinner.,Yesterday they received a written(invite)_ to a dinner from Mr.Black.,The more careful you are,the(well)_ you will be able to complete the work.,I wondered why the boy often avoided(talk)_with his classmates.,certainly,to learn,more fluently,certainty,invitation,better,talking,Im going to take the bus _(save)money.,We have to find new ways to(short)_the process of production.,The new flexible working time system will enable the(employ)_ to work more efficiently.,The photos of Mars taken by satellites are(clear)_ than those taken from earth.,Going abroad to have a holiday will be an(excite)_experience for us.,It is quite difficult for me(decide)_ who should be given the job.,to save,shorten,employees,clearer,exciting,to decide,The secretary is so efficient that his boss thinks(high)_of him.,The news was made(know)_ to the public at last.,His efforts to improve the sales of this product have been very(help)_.,The manager promised(get)_ me a position in his company.,He is asked to(short)_ his report to one page.,He wont let anyone else(visit)_ his sister.,One can jump(high)_ on the moon than on the earth.,She was not happy because he had kept her(wait)_ for half an hour.,highly,to be known,helpful,to get,shorten,visi,t,higher,waiting,Some young people got _(marry)without even telling their parents or other family members.,Please remember(lock)_ the door when you leave.,The main benefit of(work)_ with the company is the opportunity to travel abroad.,To his mothers relief,Tom had perfectly recovered from his(ill)_.,When Jenny came to Britain,she had to get used to(drive)_ on the left.,married,to lock,working,illness,driving,The manager insisted on(treat)_ as an ordinary employee.,Do you know why people are unwilling(discuss)_insurance?,No student is supposed(spend)_ so much money in school in a week.,(Personal)_ think,he is a very nice partner,though you may not agree.,Everyone should be allowed to make a mistake without(punish)_ for it.,being treated,to discuss,to spend,Personally,being punished,