仁爱版八年级上册英语教材同步详解.doc

八年级上册Unit 1 topic 1
Section A
1. I saw you play basketball almost every day during the Summer holidays.
常见的感官动词有：see, watch, hear, smell, feel 等。后可接①动词ing形式，表此动作正在发生。②动词原形，不表此动作正在发生, 表此动作已完成或存在的事实。
① Do you smell something ? (burn) 答案：burning
② I often see him basketball after class. ( play ) 答案：play
2. There is going to be a basketball game between Class Three and our class this Sunday.
There be 句型：表某地有某物. 而have 表示某人有…
(1)There is/ are..表现在某地有某物，is/are取决于后面的名词是单数还是复数，单数用is复数用are,如①There is a pen and two rulers on the desk.②There are two rulers and a pen…
(2) There was/were…表过去某地有某物。was/were的用法也遵循就近原则。
(3)There will be 或 There is/are going to be 表某地将有某事物。不能说成 There will have…
（题） a match in our school between Class Three and Class Four next week.
3. Would you like to come and cheer us on? ----- Sure, I’d love to.
（1）Would you like + 不定式？ 表建议或邀请。常用I’d love to 来回答，不同意也常用
“I’d love to, but… ”来拒绝别人。如：Would you like to play basketball with me ?--- I’d love to, but I have a lot of homework to do.
（2）在肯定句中 would like= want 如： I’d like to have a rest. = I want to have a rest.
4. I hope our team will win.---- Me , too.(= So do I.)
① hope + that从句，that 可省去。I hope that I can see you soon.
② hope to do sth. I hope to see you soon.
注意: (1)wish（愿）与hope的用法一样，后既可以接从句也可以接不定式，但不能说
hope sb. to do sth. (hope 后不接双宾语, 但 wish 可以),如：
I hope you to help me (错) I hope that you can help me.（对）
(2)hope 后接的从句常用将来时态表可以实现的愿望，而wish 后接的宾语从句常用过去时态表难以实现的愿望，如：
①I hope you will come. ②I wish I could fly to the moon.
5. I prefer rowing.
(1)prefer(过去式\过去分词需双写 preferred) 后可直接接动词ing形式或动词不定式, 表更喜欢…, 用法同like/ love:
①I prefer swimming (更喜欢经常游泳) ②I prefer to swim.（更喜欢这一次去游泳）
(2)prefer (doing) A to (doing) B 相当于：like… better than…
I prefer swimming to skating. ==I like swimming better than skating.
(3) 后接不定式时与rather than 或instead of连用，如：He preferred to die rather than (to) steal. / He preferred to die instead of stealing. 他宁死也不去偷窃。
6. -----Do you row much ?你经常划船吗？----- Yes , quite a bit / a lot. 是的，经常。
quite a bit/ a lot 经常/许多，大量. ①quite a bit of 后接不可数名词,如：quite a bit of money。 ②quite a lot of 后既可接可数名词复数也可以接不可数名词,如：quite a lot of books/ information。而③quite a few=many 表“相当多”后接可数名词复数，如：quite a few students④quite a little =much表许多，后接不可数名词，如; quite a little money ⑤very few / little 很少很少。
7. Are you going to join the school rowing club？
①join 加入（人群，组织） ②take part in 参加（活动，比赛）
注意：(1)join可与in连用,后接活动,即 take part in=join in = be in后都接活动。如：①He joined in the game ;②He joined in helping the old man. ③I’ll be in the relay race. (2) Join sb. in doing sth. 表加入某人的活动。 如：Will you join us in playing basketball ?

Section B
1. How tall is he, do you know?----- Yes. He is 2.26 meters tall.
与how构成的疑问词有：How tall(身高)多高; how high(山)多高；how heavy多重；how long 多长；How wide 多宽；how deep 多深；how old 多大…. 对应的回答常用“数词+量词+形容词”，如：1.70 meters tall; 2 kilometers high； 3 kilos heavy; 20 years old
2. They both play for the Houston Rockets in the NBA.
play for 为某个队效力；play against 与某个队比赛；play with 玩某物/与某人玩 (比较：play basketball 打篮球；Look, the baby is playing with a basketball 玩弄一个篮球)
3. what are you going to be when you grow up ?= what do you want to be …?你长大想干什么？
5. David Beckham, a famous soccer star, arrived in Beijing with his team yesterday.
表到达的有：①arrive at + (小地名)；arrive in +（大地名）② get to ③ reach
6. The fans are very excited.
（1）excited 表“感到激动的、兴奋的”，常只作表语，主语常为人。如：We are excited.
类似的有：interested有趣的; tired感到疲劳的; bored感到厌烦的
（2）exciting 表“令人激动兴奋的”既可作定语，也可作表语；作表语时，主语常为事物，如：①an interesting book; ②The book is interesting.
类似的有：interesting令人有趣的; tiring令人感到疲劳的; boring令人感到厌烦的
7. It’s too bad that they aren’t going to stay in Beijing for long.
主语是斜体that从句部分，前用it 来代替它。因此这是一个含主语从句的复合句。
It’s too bad that…= It’s a pity that…= It’s a shame that..很遗憾…..
8. 在英语中有一些表示位置移动的词，如：go，come，leave, arrive, fly 可用现在进行时态表将来。如：They are flying to Wuhan tomorrow. (表将飞往武汉而不是正去武汉) They are leaving for Japan.= They will leave for Japan.
9. Zhang Yining, one of the world’s best women table tennis players, won two gold medals for China.
(1)one of 表… 中的一个，后接可数名词的复数，如：one of my friends
(2)名词作定语修饰名词时，一般用单数形式，如：two book shops, two shoe shops, 但man，woman，sports修饰可数名词复数时，常用复数形式，如：two men teachers; sports meet
(3)win a gold medal赢得一枚金牌; win a prize 赢得奖品; win the first place 赢得第一名
10. What a shame != What a pity 多么遗憾！
类似的有：What fun ! 多么有趣！
11. break the record 打破纪录；keep the record 保持纪录
12. Please write back soon.
write back 回信
Section C
1. once a week, 一周一次twice a week一周两次, 三次或三次以上用“数字+times”如：
three times a year, four times a day, five times a week,…..
2. go + v-ing形式的短语表“去做某事”如：go hiking 去徒步旅行，go shopping去购物， go skating 去滑冰，go skiing 去滑雪；go fishing 去钓鱼。
3. she spends half an hour doing exercise in the gym every day.
当exercise指“体操、练习”时，是可数名词，如：do morning exercises 做早操；do English exercises 做英语练习题；但exercise指“锻炼，运动”时，是不可数名词。如：do exercise 做运动。exercise 还可作动词，指“锻炼，运动”如：She exercises every morning.
4. She plays it pretty well.
pretty well= very well相当好
5. She is also good at jumping.
be good at…= do well in…擅长… 如：I am good at English.= I do well in English.
be good for… 对…有好处，Running is good for your health.
反义词为：be bad at= do badly in 不擅长…. be bad for 对… 有害
类似短语：be good/bad to sb. 对某人好/不好
6. They are sure that she will win.
①be sure +(that)从句，表“确信…” 如：I’m sure (that) eating too much is bad for you.
②be sure to do sth..确信做某事We are sure to win next time.
③be sure of/about (doing)sth. 表确信(做)某事 I’m sure of that.
7. How often does she go cycling ?
(1) go +动词ing形式，表进行某种户外活动，如：go swimming, go fishing, go climbing.
(2) How often问多久一次，频率。常用sometimes, seldom, twice a year等回答。
How long 问多久。常用“（For）一段时间”来回答
How soon 问多快（时间），用于将来时态。常用“In an hour 在一小时内等”来回答。如：How soon will you come back? -----In a week.
与how搭配的疑问词有：①How many 多少（接可数名词复数形式）②How much 多少（接不可数名词）③How old 问年龄④How tall 多高（人、树）⑤How high 多高（山、楼）⑥How far 问距离 ⑦ How long 还可以问物体的长度
（1） is it from your home to your school？------It’s two kilometers away.
(2) is the room？------ It’s two meters wide.
(3) is the tree？ -------It’s three meters high.
8. Because it makes me strong and it is popular all over the world.因为它使我强壮并且它流行
make, let , have 当表“使，让”时是使令动词，后接动词原形。如：make me cry
make 后还可以接形容词，名词,如: make me strong, make him our monitor ，
10. keep healthy = keep fit 保持健康（healthy=fit都是形容词，health 是名词）
Section D
1． Have a good day! 祝你今天玩得高兴 Have a good journey! 旅途愉快 Have a good time! 祝你过得愉快 Have a good weekend! 周末愉快

八年级上册Unit 1 topic 2
Section A
1. Michael, could you please do me a favor?
(1) Could you please = Would you please…? 意为“请你…好吗？”后接动词原形
(2) do sb. a favor= help sb.= give sb. a hand 帮某人的忙。
2. But one of my teammates fell ill。但是我们队友中的一员病了。
(1)One of +可数名词复数，表“….. 中之一”当它作主语时，是单数第三人称。如：
One of my friends likes playing computer games 类似的短语有：
Some of …;中的一些 most of…中的大多数;
(2) fall ill 生病（强调动作）be ill 病了（强调状态）如：
He fell ill yesterday, and now he is ill in bed.
3. ----Would you mind teaching me ?----- Not at all. 你介意教教我吗？---- 不介意。
(1) Would you mind (not)doing sth. 你介意(别)做某事吗？（礼貌地请求某人做或别做某事）回答去做的有：Not at all 或 Of course not或 Certainly not 回答不去做的有:Sorry，I won’t ./Yes, please don’t./ You’d better not.
(2) Would you mind my/me smoking here?(常用物主代词 my, her, his, our 等，少用代词宾格me, he, us 等)
4. Let’s go and practice. 让我们去练习
practice+名词/动词ing，表练习什么/做什么，如：①We often practice spoken English.(英语口语)②Let’s practice dancing.
5. Sorry, I’ll put it somewhere else.
somewhere else 别的某个地方 somewhere 是不定副词，else 是形容词。形容词修饰不定副词、不定代词时，常放在其后。 如：something sweet甜食；Anything else ？还有别的吗？Nothing serious 不严重
6. Don’t be late next time. --- Sorry, I won’t.(对不起，我将再也不会了)
①be late 迟到，如：You are late again. ②be late for…做…迟到 如:He was late for school.
(3) 回答否定祈使句常用：Sorry，I won’t. 如：Don’t shout at me ! ---- Sorry, I won’t.
回答肯定祈使句常用：OK，I will. 如：Please study hard. ---- OK, I will.
7．Would you please say it in English. 你能用英语说一下它吗？
①Would you please (not) do sth (请求某人做某事) ②Would you like to do sth. (提建议)
③Would you mind (not) doing sth ( 请求)
8. That’s very kind of you, but I can manage it myself.太感谢你了，但我会自己处理的。
manage 作“管理，处理”时，结构为：manage sb./sth. 如：She managed the hotel well.
manage 作“设法做成某事”时，结构为：manage to do sth. 如：it’s too noisy here, I’ll manage to leave here. 注意比较try to do sth. 努力去做某事
"It is＋形容词＋of sb.to do sth.."和"It is＋形容词＋for sb.to do sth.."这两个句型容易混淆。什么情况下用of 或for 是一个考点。实际上前者的形容词用来描述某人的，因此可以转换成： Sb.＋be＋形容词＋to do sth. 后者的形容词用来描述做某事的，可以转换成：To do sth.is＋形容词。如：
It is right of you to do more reading.= You are right to do more reading. (right 用来描述you )
It is easy for you to finish the work. = To finish the work is easy for you.
Section B
1. You are always so careless !
always 除了用于一般现在时态中，也可用于进行时态中，be always doing sth. 总是…. 常用来赞扬某人，如：She is always helping others.
2. You missed a good chance.（错过一个好机会）
miss意为”思念，错过” 如：①I miss my mother very much. ②She missed the early bus.
3. He did his best .他尽力了。
a) do one’s best=try one’s best 尽某人最大努力 ②Do one’s best to do sth.=try one’s best
to do sth. 某人尽力去干某事 We will do/try our best to study English well.
4. Kangkang, would you mind saying sorry to Michael? 你介意向Michael 道歉吗？
① Say sorry to sb 向某人道歉 ②say hello to sb. 向某人打招呼/问候。
③say goodbye to sb. 向某人道别。
5. I am sorry for what I said. 我为我所说的道歉。
for 后面的what I said（我所说的） 是一个宾语从句。类似的还有：what I saw (我所见的)，what I thought about(我所考虑的)
a) Be sorry for 表为…. 道歉，后面接名词、代词、从句或动名词。②Be sorry to do sth.
抱歉去做某事。 有时①②可互换如：I’m sorry for troubling you.= I’m sorry to trouble you.
6. Keep trying ! We are sure to win next time.
(1)Keep doing sth. 坚持做某事；keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直干某事；
keep on doing sth. = go on doing sth. 继续做某事
(2) ①be sure to do sth. 确信要做某事（表将来）如：It’s sure to rain. 肯定要下雨。
②be sure +(that)从句, 如： We are sure that we will win next time.
③be sure about sth. 对某事确信，如：I’m sure about the answer.
7． Kangkang was angry with Micheal.
be angry with sb. 生某人的气
be angry at sth. 因某事而生气, 如：He was angry at what he had said.
8. With the help of Maria and Jane, Kangkang said sorry to Micheal.
With the help of sb. = with one’s help 在某人的帮助下 With Maria and Jane’s help,….
9. (1) turn on 打开（电器、龙头等）; turn off 关; (2) turn up 调大音量 turn down 调小音量
10. please take a seat. 请坐
Take one’s seat = have one’s seat 坐某人的座位 如:He took his seat and read a book.
11. be busy with sth. 为某事而忙碌。如：Kangkang is busy with his exam.
be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 如：He is busy preparing for Christamas.
12. Never mind.= It doesn’t matter.= That’s OK/all right.= Not at all. 没关系。都可以用来回答“I’m sorry.”如：I’m sorry I didn’t call you last night. --- Never mind. I guess you were busy.

Section C
1. Exciting? Yes, but very tiring as well. 很精彩？是的，但也很累。
表“也”的有下列词，用法如下：
① as well / too 用于肯定句末. I’m a student. He is a student as well/too.
② also 用于肯定句中（位于系动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前）如：
He is also a student. He also likes English.
③ either 用于否定句末。I’m not a student, he isn’t a student either.
2. He invented an indoor game for his students so that they could play even in bad weather.
(1) so that ①为了，以便 He got up early so that he could catch the early bus.
②结果，以致 He left his book at home so that he went back home again.
so+形容词/副词+that从句：如此….以致…She is so beautiful that everyone likes him.
such+名词短语+that 从句：如此….以致… She is such a beautiful girl that everyone likes him.
(2)① invent (动词)发明②inventor (名词)发明家③invention (名词)发明
Inventors have invented many great inventions 发明家已经发明了许多伟大的发明。
3. Do you know how to score in the game?(在比赛中得分)
score 进球，得分①名词：The final score is 2-1. 最后得分为2比1。
②动词: No one scored in the first half.没人得分在上半场。

Section D
1. I am a 15-year-old boy. 我是一个15岁大的男孩。
用连接号“—”构成的词常做一个形容词，放在名词前作定语，此结构中数词后的词不用复数，不能说成 15-years-old, 但不是一个词时，year 要用复数。如：He is 15 years old.
2. ①instead of 代替...,是一个副词短语，不能放主语后独立作谓语动词，只能放在动词后作谓语，它后可接名词/代词/动名词(v-ing)。如：You should play out instead of working indoors.
a) instead 代替… 放句尾或句首。I don’t like swimming, let’s go hiking instead.
3. I have great fun running.
fun 是不可数名词，意为“乐趣”，词组have fun doing sth. 在做某事中得到乐趣, 如：
We have great fun learning English. 注意：have fun= enjoy oneself= ha a good time.
4．Before 和 after 既可作介词，后接动词ing形式。也可作连词，后接时间状语从句。如：
开始跳高前，我们必须弄清楚如何跳得高。
① Before starting jumping, we must get to know how to jump high. （介词）
② Before we start jumping, we must get to know how to jump high. (连词)
5. 短语：①shout at sb 朝某人吼（不礼貌地）；shout to sb. 朝某人大声地喊
②be import to sb./ sth. 对某人是重要的。如：English is important to us.
③build sb/oneself up增强某人体质 如：Running can build ourselves up.
④立刻，马上：in a minute= right now= right away= at once =soon

八年级上册Unit 1 topic 3
Section A
1. I’ll be in the long jump and the high jump.
be in + 活动，表“参加某活动， 相当于take part in 和 join in

2. maybe 和may be
① maybe =perhaps副词，表“可能，也许，大概”，在句中作状语，通常放句首，也可以放动词之前。如：Maybe you are right.(可能你是对的)
② may be 表“可能是”常放句中，如：You may be right.（你可能是对的）
3. 动词放句首的几种情况：
① 动词原形放句首，用于祈使句。如：Read the dialogue loudly , please.
② 动词ing形式（动名词）放句首作主语，把它当作单数第三人称对待。如：Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.
③ 动词不定式也可以放句首作主语，如: To talk with him is a great pleasure. 当然，通常我们把不定式放句后，前用形式主语it 来代替它。因此这句话常说成：It is a great pleasure to talk with him.(跟他交谈是一种莫大的乐趣)
4. My foreign friend, Steve, will come to cheer me on.
cheer sb on 为某人加油。
5．I am sure I will make friends during the sports meet.
(1) make friends 交朋友 (2) make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友，如：I wan to make friends with you. (3) sports meet 运动会
6. I will do my best. I won’t lose.
lose ①输（反义词为：win）I am afraid I will lose the game. ②丢失 I lost my book.
7. It’s my first time to take part in the high jump.
It’s one’s first time to do sth. 是某人第一次做… 如：It’s her first time to cook dinner/

Section B
1. Let’s go to plant trees then. 那么让我们去植树吧。
plant 和 grow 都表“种植”，一般可互换，但grow 比 plant 更需要精心的培育。常说：plant trees, grow rice.
2. Let’s make it half past six. 我们约定6:30吧。（这是约定时间的常用表达法.）
3. enough 的用法：
(1)enough(足够的/地) 修饰形容词或副词必须放在它的后面。如：big enough (大的足够) slowly enough (慢地足够) enough 修饰名词时，即可放其前，也可放其后。如：enough money 或 money enough.
(2) enough to do sth. 足够…..可以做…. 此句式还可以与so…..that…. ；too…to….互换。
She isn’t old enough to go to school.== She is so young that she can’t go to school.=She is too
young to go to school.她太小了而不能上学。
4. take photos= take pictures 照相
Section C
1. We’re sorry that we did badly in the high jump, but we’re sure we can do better next time.
do badly in = be bad in 在… 方面做得差 (badly是副词，修饰动词do; bad 是形容词)
do better in = be better in 做得更好, 更擅长于…. （better是 well，good的比较级）
2. The People’s Republic of China took part in the Olympics for the first time in 1952.
for the first time第一次 如：I went to Beijing for the first time last summer holiday.
3. The Olympic Games take place every four years.
短语：(1) take place 发生，举办 (2) every four years 每4年一次
Section D
1. The Olympic rings are a symbol of the Olympic Games.
a symbol of … 的一种象征 Yellow was a sym