野田保住首相职位一托福阅读机经背景.docx

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野田保住首相职位一托福阅读机经背景

Japan's prime minister on Friday coasted to re-election in his party's presidential election. That means he will remain the country's leader until the next general parliamentary election. The Japanese political landscape is shifting.

日本首相野田佳彦9月21日轻松取胜，再度当选为日本民主党的党首。这意味着他在下次国会大选之前将继续担任日本的领导人。不过，首相面孔虽然未换，但日本的政治版图已经在发生改变了。

In a country that has seen six prime ministers since 2006, the incumbent in office for just over one year has received an extension.

日本自从2006年以来有过六位首相，现任首相野田佳彦任期只有一年多一点的时间，不过这次他保住了职位，得到了一次延长期。

Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) official Minoru Yanagida announces prime minister Yoshihiko Noda has soundly defeated three challengers to remain as party president.

日本民主党官员柳田稔(Minoru Yanagida)宣布，首相野田佳彦彻底击败三名挑战对手，留任党首。

Noda says he has nothing to smile about and pledges to put smiles back on the faces of Japan's children.

野田佳彦说，他笑不出来，但一定会努力工作，让日本的孩子们的脸上重新绽放出笑容。

Noda, who easily defeated three challengers, tells fellow party lawmakers that the strong leadership of the DPJ can bring about a recovery from the disasters that befell Japan 18 months ago.

野田轻松地打败了三名挑战者。他对本党籍的国会议员说，日本民主党强有力的领导能够让日本从18个月前的地震和海啸的灾难中恢复过来。

The March 11, 2011 earthquake triggered a lethal tsunami that swamped much of the northeastern coast, including a nuclear power plant.

Noda's biggest challenge to keep his job running the world's third largest economy will come after he calls a general election, which could occur within months.

野田佳彦虽然保住了世界第三大经济体领导人的职位，但最大的挑战还在后面，也就是他宣布国会大选之后。大选可能在几个月之内就将举行。

That will pit the prime minister and the DPJ against the party which governed Japan for most of the post-World War Two era.

大选中，野田和日本民主党的竞争对手是日本自民党。二战后的多数年月都是由自民党执政。

The Liberal Democratic Party (which is conservative, despite its name) will choose its contender for prime minister September 26.

自民党将在9月26日推选本党的首相候选人。

Among the candidates are former prime minister Shinzo Abe, who abruptly resigned just three days into a new parliamentary session in 2007, citing health problems and stress.

自民党内角逐首相大位的包括前首相安倍晋三(Shinzo Abe)。安倍2007年在新国会进入议事期仅三天就突然辞职，理由是健康问题以及压力太大。

Abe says he wants a second chance at the helm, asserting that compared to the other candidates he has long leadership experience.

安倍晋三说，他希望得到第二次掌舵的机会。他还说，跟其他候选人相比，他有长期的领导经验。

To become prime minister again Abe will have to fend off four other LDP contenders and then help the party capture enough seats in the parliamentary election to form a government.

安倍要想登上相位，需要先在自民党内击败另外四位参选人，然后还要带领自民党在国会选举中拿下足以组建政府的席位。

It is no longer, however, a two-party contest.

但是，国会选举已不再是两党之争了。

A new third party, started by the 43-year-old mayor of Osaka (the country's third largest city), Toru Hashimoto, has almost overnight upended the political landscape.

43岁的大阪市长桥下彻(Toru Hashimoto)新成立的第三党日本维新会几乎在一夜之间改变了日本的政治版图。

The former lawyer-turned-TV talk show celebrity wants less intervention by central government in local affairs, more free-market competition and a strengthening of Japan's military, which is restrained by the country's pacifist constitution.

律师出身的桥下彻后来成为电视脱口秀名人。他主张减少中央政府对地方的干预，引入更多的自由市场竞争，并加强日本的军备。日本军事力量受到战后和平宪法的限制。

Some polls show his Japan Restoration Party more popular than both the ruling DPJ and opposition LDP and in its first election could gain enough seats to determine which other party governs Japan.

一些民调显示，他领导的日本维新会比执政的日本民主党和在野的日本自民党都更受欢迎。这些民调还显示，日本维新会虽然是第一次参选，但可能会获得足够多的席位，他们支持哪一个大党，哪个党就能执政。

Former foreign ministry spokesman Tomohiko Taniguchi says Hashimoto's flamboyant appeal and gift of the soundbite might not easily translate into a lot of his followers winning seats in parliament.

前外务省发言人谷口智彦(Tomohiko Taniguchi)说，桥下彻行事高调，说话妙语连珠，很有吸引力，但这并不一定转化到他的支持者身上，不见得能帮助他们当选议员。

“He is more TV savvy than all other politicians. That much is for certain," he said. "But when it comes to his party members they are vastly unknown so rather than relying on unknown stock such as those, people may shift their ideas to rely more upon ‘knowns’ like the old guards of the LDP.”

他说：“他比其他所有政治人物都更上镜。这是肯定的。而说到他的党员们，这些人基本上就没人知道他们是谁。因此，选民们可能不信任这些他们不了解的人，因而改变想法，把选票投给他们知道的人，比如老牌的自民党人。”

All three parties share one key policy position. They back a hawkish line regarding the maritime territorial disputes with Japan's neighbors.

所有三党在一项关键的政策问题上都持同样的立场。在与日本邻国的海岛纠纷问题上，三党都持鹰派路线。

Analyst Taniguchi says the parties are responding to growing public concern.

分析人士谷口智彦说，公众的担心不断加大，三党都对此做出回应。

“The sense of weakness has filtered into the minds of a lot of people in Japan. There has been an awareness that looking at the weakening Japan they sense that countries like China, South Korea and Russia are taking advantage of that newly realized weakness on the part of Japan,” he added.

The political establishment also finds itself facing unprecedented anti-nuclear sentiment in wake of last year's reactor meltdowns at the Fukushima nuclear power plant. That has prompted regular demonstrations with sizable numbers of protestors on the streets of Tokyo for the first time in decades.

此外，在去年发生了福岛核电站融毁事故后，日本政界面临公众前所未有的反核情绪。东京街头时常出现人数相当不少的示威抗议，这在几十年来还是头一次。

The LDP and DPJ politicians will also be challenged about their failure to reverse Japan's long economic malaise, complicated by how to adequately take care of a rapidly aging population in a country of 125 million people.

自民党和民主党的政治人物将受到的另一项质疑是，他们都没有能够扭转日本经济的长期疲软。日本1亿2千5百万人口正在迅速老龄化，如何照顾老年人的问题使得振兴经济的重任变得更为棘手。

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