中考英语被动语态完全手册.doc
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中考英语被动语态完全手册 一、语态概述 英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为:主动、主动、主去动。 例如:ManypeoplespeakEnglish. 谓语:speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。巧记为:被动、被动、主被动。例如:Englishisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 主动态和被动态指的是动词形式,是词法概念;而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构,从而是句法概念。所谓主动句就是由主动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子,而被动句则是由被动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子。 例如:Heopenedthedoor.他开了门。(主动句) Thedoorwasopened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时:am/is/are+taught 一般过去时:was/were+taught 一般将来时:will/shallbe+taught 现在进行时:am/is/arebeing+taught 过去进行时:have/hasbeen+taught 现在完成时:have/hasbeen+taught 歌诀是:被动语态be字变,过去分词跟后面。 三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如:Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) Thisbookwaspublishedin1981.这本书出版于1981年。 (2)强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。 例如:thewindowwasbrokenbyMike.窗户是迈克打破的。 Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim.这本书是他写的。 Eighthoursperdayforsleepmustbeguaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。 歌诀:谁做的动作不知道,说出谁做的没有必要; 动作承受者需强调,被动语态运用到。 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。例如: Allthepeoplelaughedathim. Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople. Theymakethebikesinthefactory. Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory. 歌诀是:宾变主,主变宾,by短语后面跟。 谓语动词变被动,be后“过分”来使用。 五、含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。 歌诀是:情态动词变动,情态加be加“过分”,原来带to要保留。例如: Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays. Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays. Yououghttotakeitaway. Itoughttobetakenaway. Theyshoulddoitatonce. Itshouldbedoneatonce. 被动语态练习题 一 ( ) 1 The People's Republic of China ___ on October 1, 1949. A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found ( ) 2 English ____ in Canada. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken ( )3 This English song___ by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung ( ) 4 This kind of car ___ in Japan. A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made ( ) 5 New computers ___ all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used 二 ( ) 1 Our room must ___ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep ( ) 2 -I'd like to buy that coat. -I'm sorry. ___. A. it sold B. it's selling C. It's been sold D. it had been sold ( ) 3 A new house ___ at the corner of the road. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building ( ) 4 The key ___ on the table when I leave. A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left ( ) 5 Doctors ___ in every part of the world. A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need ( ) 6 His new book___ next month. A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published 三 ( ) 1 Japanese ___ in every country. A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking ( ) 2 These papers___ yet. A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written ( ) 3 The sports meet ___ be held until next week. A. didn't B. won't C. isn't D. doesn't 四 ( ) 1 -My shoes are worn out. A. Can't they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it. C. How much do they cost? D. Can't they mended? ( ) 2 ___ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it. A. Does B. Has C. Is D. Are ( ) 3 ___ these desks be needed? A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do 五 ( ) 1 Why ___ to talk about it yesterday? A. didn't a meeting hold B. wasn't a meeting held C. wasn't held a meeting D. a meeting wasn't held ( ) 2 Who was the book___? A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by ( ) 3 Where ___ these boxes made? A. was B. were C. is D. am 六 ( ) 1 The flowers___ often. A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water ( ) 2 The books may___ for two weeks. A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow ( ) 3 The broken bike____ here by Mr Smith. A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended 七 ( ) 1 The old bridge in my hometown___ next month. A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C. are going to be rebuilt D. are going to rebuilt ( ) 2 The play ___ at the theatre next Sunday. A. is going to be shown B. will shown C. will show D. is shown ( ) 3 The old stone bridge ___ next week. A. is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuild C. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild 八 ( ) 1 Now these magazines___ in the library for a long time. A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept ( ) 2 The pot ___ for ___ hot water. A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. is used; to keep D. are used; keep ( ) 3 Tea ___ in the south of China. A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow ( ) 4 The bridges___ two years ago. WO It's a Haidian top problem A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built ( ) 5 Wet clothes are often ___ up near a fire in rainy weather. A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung 九 ( ) 1 The river smells terrible. People must ___ dirty things into it. A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing ( ) 2 The teapot ___ water. A. is filled with B. filled of C. fulling of D. filled ( ) 3 Old people must be looked after well and ___ politely. A. speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to ( ) 4 Old people must ___. A. look after well B. be looked well after C. looked well after D. be looked after well 十 ( ) 1 Newly-born babies___ in hospital. A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of C. take good care of D. take good care ( ) 2 They were___ at the sudden noise. A. frightening B. frightened C. frighten D. frightens ( ) 3 These walls___ stone. A. are made of B. made of u C. are made into D. made into 十一 ( ) 1 Jane ___ to sing us an American song last Saturday. A. called B. was asked C. told D. was said ( ) 2 The papers ___ to them. A. were shown B. show C. shown / D. have shown ( ) 3 The coat___ her sister. A. made to B. were made for C. was made for D. was made to 十二 ( ) 1 I ___ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not. A. gave B. was giving C. had given D. was given ( ) 2 Good care____ such things. A. should take of B. should be taken C. should be taking D. should be taken of ( ) 3 She will____ good care____. A. take; of B. be taken; of C. take; for you D. be taken; of you 十三 ( ) 1 The teacher made him___ his homework. A. to do B. do C. did D. done ( ) 2 The boy___ streets without pay in the old days. A. was made to clean B. made clean C. made to clean D. was made clean ( ) 3 These children____ dance. A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to 十四 ( ) 1 These stones___ well. A. are fitted B. fit C. fits D. is fitted ( ) 2 The bike ___ 500 yuan. A. was cost B. costed C. cost D. is costed ( ) 3 The important meeting ___ on a cold morning last year. A. was had B. was held C. held D. had 十五 ( ) 1 Great changes___ in the past ten years in China. A. took place B. have taken place C. were taking place D. had taken place ( ) 2 You can't use the computer, it____. A. was broken down B. is wrong C. is bad D. has broken down ( ) 3 Great changes___ in our country during the past 20 years. A. have happened B. happened C. have been happened D. were happened ( ) 4 The watch has often ___ down. A. sat B. lain C. broken D. fell 十六 ( ) 1 Please pass me another cup. This one___. A. is broken B. is breaking C. broke D. broken ( ) 2 The story books___ by the writer in the 1960s. A. are written B. were written C. are writing D. were writing ( ) 3 What time ___ the door ___ every day? A. does; closed B. does; close C. is; closed D. /; close 十七 ( ) 1 Can he ___ himself? A. get dress B. get dressed C. gets dressed D. instead of ( ) 2 He fell from his bike and ___. A. is hurt B. gets hurt C. got hurt D. hurt ( ) 3 Lookout, please keep away from the fire, or your trousers will__ A. burnt B. burn C. burning D. get burn 十八 ( ) 1 The apple___ very sweet. A. is tasted B. taste -C. tastes D. are tasting ( ) 2 You___ more beautiful in the light blue shirt. A. see B. watch C. look D. look at ( ) 3 What you said ___. like a good idea. A. heard B. listened C. sound D. sounded 十九 ( ) 1 -What do you think of the TV play? -Wonderful. It is worth___ a second time. A. watching B. watched C. seen D. seeing ( ) 2 How dirty the tables are! They need___. A. to clean B. clean C. cleaning D. cleaned ( ) 3 The book is worth ___. A. seeing B. reading C. seen D. read 初中英语语法被动语态练习题答案: 1. 1-5 B D D D C 2. 1-6 B C B B C A 3. 1-3 A B B 4. 1-3 A B A 5. 1-3 B D B 6. 1-3 B A D 7. 1-3 A B A 8. 1-5 D B B C D 9. 1-4 B A D D 10. 1-3 B B A 11. 1-3 B A C 12. 1-3 D D B 13. 1-3 B A A 14. 1-4 B C B 15. 1-4 B D A C 16. 1-3 A B C 17. 1-3 B C D 18. 1-3 C C D 19. 1-3 A C B 4- 配套讲稿:
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