中考英语专题训练：短文填空.docx

短文填空专题训练
步骤（Step）
一、 跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意
根据首字母填空的题型，实际上相当于完形填空，必须先快速通读全文，尽量理解文章的主要内容，再仔细揣摩需要填词的句子，只有完全理解全句的意思，才能准确填写单词。   
二、复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。
1．利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义.
2．再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。例如，单，复数、形容词，副词的级别、时态、语态、语气及非谓语动词的形式等，要特别注意时态的呼应及主谓一致。
三、通读短文，检查答案

注意点（Attentions）
一、确定正确的时态
1．根据句中的时间状语来确定时态。
例如，现在完成时的时间状语：already, yet, ever, never, just, before, for, since+时间点；since+过去时态的句子, so far, by now, in/during the last/past few years etc
2．注意时态呼应。
在主从复合句中，主句谓语与从句谓语动词的时态是相互照应的。
1）在宾语从句中，如果主句是一般现在时，从句根据需要选用任何时态；如果主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去的某种时态；如果从句表达的是一个客观事实不管主句是何种时态，从句仍用一般现在时。
2）在状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，或是祈使句，或是含情态动词的句子，时间和条件状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作。
3．根据上下文确定时态。
有时句子没有明显的时间状语，也不能用时态呼应规则来对照，这时就可以根据上下文内容来判断时间关系，确定时态。如：
如： “You’ve certainly touched my heart with your choices. And I’m sure the Five Friendlies_____(touch) the heart of the world.”句意是“你以你的选择已经震撼了我的心，我相信这五个福娃将会给世人带来震撼。”后句是笔者对美好事物的祝愿，所以应用一般将来时。
二、确定正确的语态
我们在考虑时态的同时，也要考虑语态。当句子的主语是谓语动词动作的承受者时，用被动语态；反之用主动语态。如：
“They _______(choose) carefully by Beijing 2008 to represent….
注意：不及物动词或相当于不及物动词的短语动词（如listen，sleep，take place, happen，get up，grow up，break out，come in等）没有被动语态。如
Great changes have taken place in the last few years.
The war broke out many years ago．
但是，当“不及物动词＋介（副）词”构成的短语动词其作用相当于及物动词时，则有被动语态。
The children are looked after well．
三、确定非谓语动词的形式
如果所给的动词在句子中不作谓语，就应该考虑用动词的非谓语动词形式。
1． want，hope，wish，decide，would like，agree, learn, plan, choose, manage, offer to do
2．在enjoy，finish，mind，be busy，be worth，feel like，what／how about，can't help，practice，have fun／problems ,miss, give up, suggest, look forward to, succeed in, pay attention to, keep, be worth, allow -ing
3．tell, ask, order, encourage, advise, teach, want, wish, allow sb to do
4.remember, forget, stop, try, mean, love, like, need, go on, continue, be used to do/doing
5.感官动词和使役动词
feel sb do/doing
listen to, hear sb do/doing
make, let, have sb do (have sth done)
look at, watch, see, notice sb do/doing
在被动语态中用to do   

总结（Conclusion）
看图填词是对学生综合能力的考察，细心、积累和练习必不可少。

1.

I am Jackie Lee, an American Chinese. Let me tell you about my grandfather's life story.  My grandfather was   71  in 1932 and grew up in a poor village in Fujian, China. At the age of 14, he first heard of America. It was said to be the land of gold and poor people could easily become   72   there. 
    So, my grandfather came to America. "I had thought it was easy to   73   money in America," he told me. " But when I   74   in Los Angeles, I realized it was not true. I couldn't find a good job because I spoke little English. I wanted to go to a language school to learn English,    75   I couldn't afford it. Later, I worked in a small  76  , serving the guests, cleaning up the tables, washing the dishes and sweeping the floors. I was such   77   helpful and honest worker that my boss was pleased with me. I was popular with my workmates,    78  . Life became easier and in the end I entered an evening school to learn English." 
My grandfather kept working hard , and finally made   79   dream come true. Things do not come easily in life. That is what I have learned   80   my grandfather. 
71.__________   72.__________    73.__________    74.__________    75._________
76.__________   77.__________    78.__________    79.__________    80._________

2.
Dear Anne, 
How are you? I had great fun last Wednesday,__71__12th,2013. It was a traditional Chinese festival called Dragon Boat Festival that day. 
This festival is in memory of Qu Yuan, one of __72__greatest Chinese poets. He killed himself by jumping into the Miluo River on May 5th of the lunar calendar(阴历) ，278 BC. People there rowed the boats to ___73___him. But it was too late. They were very sad and then threw rice into the ___74___to feed the fishes so that they would stay away from his body. ___75___ then on, every year on this day, people enjoy ___76___ Zongzi which is made of rice with meat, eggs and so on. In the past we ate it only ___77___a year, but now we regarded it as our daily food. We can have it any time we like. 
Have you ever ___78___the dragon boat race on TV? It is another important part of this festival. Several teams row their dragon-shaped boats as ___79___as they can. The first team to reach the finish line wins. 
If you have a plan to visit China next year, would ___80___like to spend this festival with us? 
                                                           Best wishes,
Xiao Qiang
71.__________   72.__________    73.__________    74.__________    75._________
76.__________   77.__________    78.__________    79.__________    80._________

3.

Nov. 26, 2011, Saturday  Cloudy
     I’m upset these days. I have_71____ problem, and I do not 72_____ how to deal with it. 
     I have had a lot of _73______ every day since I became a Grade 9 student. I have no choice but to do it..  I often stay up late to finish it and then feel  74 ____ the next day. 
    75______ I understand that it is important to do my homework and _76____ it in on time. Sometimes I still don’t want to do so much homework. I almost have no free time for my hobbies, 77_____ as playing volleyball and ping-pong. 
The worst thing is that I even have homework on weekends and holidays. The longer the holidays are, the 78_______ homework I get. I really feel bad about it. 
    I am looking forward to a holiday79_______ homework so that I can relax and have some time for my hobbies. What should I do? I really hope that someone can give 80____ some suggestions. I am sure they will be of great value to me. 
71.__________   72.__________    73.__________    74.__________    75._________
76.__________   77.__________    78.__________    79.__________    80._________

4.
Today people can 1 the phone to talk with others almost anywhere on the earth. But when you use the phone, you don’t see the person you are 2 with. That may 3 in the future. Today some people are using a kind of telephone 4 “Picture phone” or “Vision phone”. 5 it, two people who are talking can see each other. Picture phones can be useful when you have 6_ to show the person you’re calling. They may have other uses in the future. One day you may be 7 to ring up a librarian and ask to borrow a book. Then you’ll be able to read the book right over your picture phone. Or you may be able to go shopping 8 your picture phone. If you see something in the newspaper that you think you want to buy, you’ll go to your phone and call the shop. People at the shop will 9 you the thing you’re interested in right over the phone. You’ll be able to shop all over town and 10 leave your room.
1.__________   2.__________    3.__________    4.__________    5.__________ 
6.__________   7.__________    8.__________    9.__________    10.__________

5.

Tom was a poor boy．He made a living by cleaning leather(皮革) 1 for others in the street．Tom was also a 2 boy．One day，a rich man 3 Miser appeared in front of Tom．
He watched his 4 shoes for a while，and then，looked at Tom．Tom knew this kind of people well．They love money but hate to spend it．
Tom said，“Let me 5 your shoes，sir．Only two pence(便土)，sir．
Mr．Miser shook his head and walked away．
Tom thought for a second and then called out，‘‘I’d like to clean it for nothing．”This time Mr．Miser agreed．And soon one of his shoes was shining brightly．
When the rich man put his other shoe on the stool(凳子)，Tom said he wouldn’t clean it for him 6 he was paid two pence for his work．Mr．Miser was very 7 ．He refused to pay anything and went away．
But to his 8 ，the well-cleaned shoe was so bright that it made the other one look even dirtier．Mr．Miser looked round．People in the street were 9 at him．
Finally the rich man 10 and gave Tom two pence．In a very short time his two shoes shone brightly．
1.__________   2.__________    3.__________    4.__________    5.__________ 
6.__________   7.__________    8.__________    9.__________    10.__________

6.

Jerry is a middle school student. He likes 1 very much and his favourite star is Jay Chou. He usually practices Jay’s songs. One day, he took part in an imitation 2 of Jay in a park. He chose one of Jay’s most 3 songs, he sang and acted with his heart. He 4 he was acting just as Jay himself did. So when he heard someone 5 “once again, once again”, he was moved and 6 them. But to his surprise, the other two 7 of Jay who watched Jerry act told him what they really 8 . They wanted Jerry to practice more 9 he had acted so badly! Jerry was 10 and couldn’t say a word.
1.__________   2.__________    3.__________    4.__________    5.__________ 
6.__________   7.__________    8.__________    9.__________    10.__________

7.

Xiaohong is a primary school student. On (1) , she has to do all kinds of extra work. On Saturday morning, she has to practice the (2) . In the afternoon, her parents want her to practice (3) . On Sunday morning, she has a(n) (4)
lesson. On Sunday afternoon, she has to learn (5) . Does this girl really have so many (6) ?
Nowadays, parents in China have too much hope for their (7) . They hope that their children are able to (8) some special skills so that they can have a better life in the future. In my (9) , few of the children are really interested in these lessons. Children are children. They must have some free time to enjoy their childhood. As an English proverb(谚语) goes, “All work and no (10) makes Jack a dull boy.”
1.__________   2.__________    3.__________    4.__________    5.__________ 
6.__________   7.__________    8.__________    9.__________    10.__________

8.
It was December 25th, my friends and I had a party in my house to celebrate (1) . Everyone(2)
themselves at the party. But(3)
something unhappy happened. I happened to find David, my friend,(4)
my diary in my bedroom. At that time I was so(5) that I(6)
at him. David stood up and (7) my house at once, (8) saying a word. After he left, I thought it was not (9) to read other‘s diary, yet it was not polite to shout at (10) . It‘s better for me to tell him not to do that politely.
1.__________   2.__________    3.__________    4.__________    5.__________ 
6.__________   7.__________    8.__________    9.__________    10.__________

9.

It was Sunday. The weather was very fine. The students of Class One went out for a 1 .They went by 2 with fruits, vegetables, meat , cookers and some other things.
At about half past ten, they 3 at the foot of a hill. There was a big 4 and many green trees there. Birds were singing and the air was very fresh. The students were busy 5 for the picnic. Some of them were getting 6 from the lake, some were washing vegetables and fruits, and others were putting a big cloth on the grass. At about twelve o’clock the lunch was ready.
After lunch, they had a 7 time singing, dancing, drinking and talking. At three o’clock, they began to 8 the hill. The hill was quite 9 , but they all tried to climb to the 10 of it. On the top of the hill, they felt very excited and all cheered.
1.__________   2.__________    3.__________    4.__________    5.__________ 
6.__________   7.__________    8.__________    9.__________    10.__________

9.

Mr. Smith is a sixty-year-old man. He loves sports. He often goes to different places to kill his spare time and enjoys the beautiful countryside scenery.
On a 1 Saturday afternoon, Mr. Smith went 2 in the country. He carried a rucksack （背包）on his back, with a stick in his hand. In the evening, he decided to stop for a 3 . He didn’t want to sleep in the open air, so he began to 4 up a tent near a village. The he made a 5 not far from the tent and placed a pot 6 the fire to cook something to eat. After supper, he spent the night in the tent. Because he kept walking a whole day, he was very tired and fell asleep soon.
At the mid-night the weather began to turn bad. A 7 wind began to blow. At that time, Mr. Smith was still 8 . The next morning, when he 9 up, he found himself in the open air. And to his great surprise, there was a pig, a 10 , a goose, a sheep and a cock running around him!
1.__________   2.__________    3.__________    4.__________    5.__________ 
6.__________   7.__________    8.__________    9.__________    10.__________

10.

It was a reading room. A boy and a girl were sitting (1)____ a desk. The girl was reading (2)____when the boy suddenly(3)____ , because he was reading a book of jokes. The girl (4)____him by (5)____ him to look at the (6)____ with the words “Be quiet”. The boy (7) ____sorry and stopped laughing at once. Then he thought of an (8)____ . He took the book outside and (9)____ reading it. He laughed as (10)____ as he could.
1.__________   2.__________    3.__________    4.__________    5.__________ 
6.__________   7.__________    8.__________    9.__________    10.__________

11.

One day, Mr Black came back from a party very (1) . It was too late, and the weather was very cold. There was no bus or taxi, so he had to go home on(2) . He held his (3) under his arms.
When he got home, he opened his bag.He wanted to get his keys. They were always there. But he couldn’t find the keys this time. He was worried and he didn’t know(4) to do.When he looked up, he suddenly saw his window was (5) . Smiling to himself, Mr Black thought of an(6) .
There was a ladder behind his house.He carried it to the window.Then he began to (7)
up the ladder. How dark it was! It was (8) for him to do that, because he was very nervous and his hat fell down. So he was very careful.
A moment later he jumped into the room and he was very happy. But suddenly when he put his hand into his (9) , he was surprised to find his(10) just right there.
1.__________   2.__________    3.__________    4.__________    5.__________ 
6.__________   7.__________    8.__________    9.__________    10.__________

12.

It was a 1 day. In the morning, Lulu’s mother was busy doing some 2 . When she had everything done, she said to her son, “ It’s time to get up, my son. ” But there was 3 answer. She came into the bedroom and said again, “ Come 4 , my baby. Did you hear it? It’s time to get up now. ” It 5 that Lulu was still having a dream. He didn’t hear 6 his mother said. His mother came to his bed, “ Lazybones (懒虫). You see, the sun is 7 now, but you still 8 in bed. Get up, my dear! ” Suddenly, Lulu 9 , “That’s